{"id":96920,"date":"2024-10-20T13:28:18","date_gmt":"2024-10-20T05:28:18","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/server.hk\/cnblog\/96920\/"},"modified":"2024-10-20T13:28:19","modified_gmt":"2024-10-20T05:28:19","slug":"postgresql%e9%82%8f%e8%bc%af%e5%84%aa%e5%8c%96-%e9%80%99%e6%a8%a3%e6%90%ad%e5%bb%ba%e6%95%b4%e9%ab%94%e6%9e%b6%e6%a7%8b","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/server.hk\/cnblog\/96920\/","title":{"rendered":"PostgreSQL\u908f\u8f2f\u512a\u5316\u2014\u9019\u6a23\u642d\u5efa\u6574\u9ad4\u67b6\u69cb"},"content":{"rendered":"<h1 id=\"postgresql%e9%82%8f%e8%bc%af%e5%84%aa%e5%8c%96-%e9%80%99%e6%a8%a3%e6%90%ad%e5%bb%ba%e6%95%b4%e9%ab%94%e6%9e%b6%e6%a7%8b-ijLgFyGwbY\">PostgreSQL\u908f\u8f2f\u512a\u5316\u2014\u9019\u6a23\u642d\u5efa\u6574\u9ad4\u67b6\u69cb<\/h1>\n<p>\u5728\u7576\u4eca\u6578\u64da\u9a45\u52d5\u7684\u4e16\u754c\u4e2d\uff0c\u6578\u64da\u5eab\u7684\u6027\u80fd\u5c0d\u65bc\u61c9\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\u7684\u6210\u529f\u81f3\u95dc\u91cd\u8981\u3002PostgreSQL\u4f5c\u70ba\u4e00\u500b\u5f37\u5927\u7684\u958b\u6e90\u95dc\u806f\u6578\u64da\u5eab\u7ba1\u7406\u7cfb\u7d71\uff0c\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u591a\u7a2e\u512a\u5316\u529f\u80fd\u4f86\u63d0\u9ad8\u67e5\u8a62\u6027\u80fd\u548c\u6574\u9ad4\u7cfb\u7d71\u6548\u7387\u3002\u672c\u6587\u5c07\u63a2\u8a0e\u5982\u4f55\u901a\u904e\u908f\u8f2f\u512a\u5316\u4f86\u642d\u5efaPostgreSQL\u7684\u6574\u9ad4\u67b6\u69cb\u3002<\/p>\n<h2 id=\"%e4%bb%80%e9%ba%bc%e6%98%af%e9%82%8f%e8%bc%af%e5%84%aa%e5%8c%96%ef%bc%9f-ijLgFyGwbY\">\u4ec0\u9ebc\u662f\u908f\u8f2f\u512a\u5316\uff1f<\/h2>\n<p>\u908f\u8f2f\u512a\u5316\u662f\u6307\u5728\u6578\u64da\u5eab\u67e5\u8a62\u57f7\u884c\u904e\u7a0b\u4e2d\uff0c\u901a\u904e\u6539\u8b8a\u67e5\u8a62\u7684\u7d50\u69cb\u6216\u4f7f\u7528\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u67e5\u8a62\u7b56\u7565\u4f86\u63d0\u9ad8\u6027\u80fd\u7684\u904e\u7a0b\u3002\u9019\u901a\u5e38\u6d89\u53ca\u5230\u67e5\u8a62\u91cd\u5beb\u3001\u7d22\u5f15\u4f7f\u7528\u3001\u4ee5\u53ca\u6578\u64da\u6a21\u578b\u7684\u8a2d\u8a08\u7b49\u65b9\u9762\u3002<\/p>\n<h2 id=\"%e6%9f%a5%e8%a9%a2%e9%87%8d%e5%af%ab-ijLgFyGwbY\">\u67e5\u8a62\u91cd\u5beb<\/h2>\n<p>\u67e5\u8a62\u91cd\u5beb\u662f\u908f\u8f2f\u512a\u5316\u7684\u4e00\u500b\u91cd\u8981\u65b9\u9762\u3002\u901a\u904e\u91cd\u5beb\u67e5\u8a62\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u6e1b\u5c11\u4e0d\u5fc5\u8981\u7684\u8a08\u7b97\u548c\u6578\u64da\u50b3\u8f38\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u5c07\u591a\u500b\u67e5\u8a62\u5408\u4f75\u70ba\u4e00\u500b\u67e5\u8a62\uff0c\u6216\u8005\u4f7f\u7528\u5b50\u67e5\u8a62\u4f86\u6e1b\u5c11\u6578\u64da\u96c6\u7684\u5927\u5c0f\u3002<\/p>\n<pre><code>SELECT * FROM orders WHERE customer_id IN (SELECT id FROM customers WHERE country = 'USA');\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\u5728\u9019\u500b\u4f8b\u5b50\u4e2d\uff0c\u4f7f\u7528\u5b50\u67e5\u8a62\u53ef\u4ee5\u6709\u6548\u5730\u904e\u6ffe\u51fa\u6240\u9700\u7684\u6578\u64da\uff0c\u5f9e\u800c\u6e1b\u5c11\u6700\u7d42\u67e5\u8a62\u7684\u6578\u64da\u91cf\u3002<\/p>\n<h2 id=\"%e7%b4%a2%e5%bc%95%e7%9a%84%e4%bd%bf%e7%94%a8-ijLgFyGwbY\">\u7d22\u5f15\u7684\u4f7f\u7528<\/h2>\n<p>\u7d22\u5f15\u662f\u63d0\u9ad8\u67e5\u8a62\u6027\u80fd\u7684\u53e6\u4e00\u500b\u95dc\u9375\u56e0\u7d20\u3002PostgreSQL\u652f\u6301\u591a\u7a2e\u7d22\u5f15\u985e\u578b\uff0c\u5305\u62ecB-tree\u3001Hash\u3001GIN\u548cGiST\u7b49\u3002\u9078\u64c7\u5408\u9069\u7684\u7d22\u5f15\u985e\u578b\u53ef\u4ee5\u986f\u8457\u63d0\u9ad8\u67e5\u8a62\u901f\u5ea6\u3002<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>B-tree\u7d22\u5f15\uff1a<\/strong>\u9069\u5408\u65bc\u7bc4\u570d\u67e5\u8a62\u548c\u6392\u5e8f\u3002<\/li>\n<li><strong>Hash\u7d22\u5f15\uff1a<\/strong>\u9069\u5408\u65bc\u7b49\u503c\u67e5\u8a62\u3002<\/li>\n<li><strong>GIN\u7d22\u5f15\uff1a<\/strong>\u9069\u5408\u65bc\u5168\u6587\u641c\u7d22\u3002<\/li>\n<li><strong>GiST\u7d22\u5f15\uff1a<\/strong>\u9069\u5408\u65bc\u7a7a\u9593\u6578\u64da\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u5c0d\u65bc\u4e00\u500b\u9700\u8981\u983b\u7e41\u67e5\u8a62\u7684\u5b57\u6bb5\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u5275\u5efa\u4e00\u500bB-tree\u7d22\u5f15\uff1a<\/p>\n<pre><code>CREATE INDEX idx_customer_country ON customers(country);\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<h2 id=\"%e6%95%b8%e6%93%9a%e6%a8%a1%e5%9e%8b%e8%a8%ad%e8%a8%88-ijLgFyGwbY\">\u6578\u64da\u6a21\u578b\u8a2d\u8a08<\/h2>\n<p>\u826f\u597d\u7684\u6578\u64da\u6a21\u578b\u8a2d\u8a08\u662f\u908f\u8f2f\u512a\u5316\u7684\u57fa\u790e\u3002\u5408\u7406\u7684\u8868\u7d50\u69cb\u548c\u95dc\u806f\u8a2d\u8a08\u53ef\u4ee5\u6e1b\u5c11\u6578\u64da\u5197\u9918\uff0c\u63d0\u9ad8\u67e5\u8a62\u6548\u7387\u3002\u4ee5\u4e0b\u662f\u4e00\u4e9b\u8a2d\u8a08\u5efa\u8b70\uff1a<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\u4f7f\u7528\u6b63\u898f\u5316\u4f86\u6d88\u9664\u6578\u64da\u5197\u9918\u3002<\/li>\n<li>\u6839\u64da\u67e5\u8a62\u9700\u6c42\u8a2d\u8a08\u8868\u7d50\u69cb\uff0c\u907f\u514d\u904e\u591a\u7684JOIN\u64cd\u4f5c\u3002<\/li>\n<li>\u8003\u616e\u4f7f\u7528\u7269\u5316\u8996\u5716\u4f86\u52a0\u901f\u8907\u96dc\u67e5\u8a62\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2 id=\"%e6%9f%a5%e8%a9%a2%e8%a8%88%e5%8a%83%e5%88%86%e6%9e%90-ijLgFyGwbY\">\u67e5\u8a62\u8a08\u5283\u5206\u6790<\/h2>\n<p>PostgreSQL\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86EXPLAIN\u547d\u4ee4\u4f86\u5206\u6790\u67e5\u8a62\u8a08\u5283\u3002\u901a\u904e\u67e5\u770b\u67e5\u8a62\u8a08\u5283\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u4e86\u89e3\u6578\u64da\u5eab\u662f\u5982\u4f55\u57f7\u884c\u67e5\u8a62\u7684\uff0c\u4e26\u627e\u51fa\u6f5b\u5728\u7684\u6027\u80fd\u74f6\u9838\u3002<\/p>\n<pre><code>EXPLAIN SELECT * FROM orders WHERE customer_id = 1;\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\u6839\u64daEXPLAIN\u7684\u8f38\u51fa\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u8abf\u6574\u7d22\u5f15\u6216\u91cd\u5beb\u67e5\u8a62\u4ee5\u63d0\u9ad8\u6027\u80fd\u3002<\/p>\n<h2 id=\"%e7%b5%90%e8%ab%96-ijLgFyGwbY\">\u7d50\u8ad6<\/h2>\n<p>\u901a\u904e\u908f\u8f2f\u512a\u5316\uff0cPostgreSQL\u7528\u6236\u53ef\u4ee5\u986f\u8457\u63d0\u9ad8\u6578\u64da\u5eab\u7684\u6027\u80fd\u3002\u67e5\u8a62\u91cd\u5beb\u3001\u7d22\u5f15\u4f7f\u7528\u3001\u6578\u64da\u6a21\u578b\u8a2d\u8a08\u4ee5\u53ca\u67e5\u8a62\u8a08\u5283\u5206\u6790\u90fd\u662f\u5be6\u73fe\u9019\u4e00\u76ee\u6a19\u7684\u91cd\u8981\u624b\u6bb5\u3002\u96a8\u8457\u6578\u64da\u91cf\u7684\u589e\u9577\uff0c\u6301\u7e8c\u7684\u512a\u5316\u5c07\u6210\u70ba\u78ba\u4fdd\u7cfb\u7d71\u9ad8\u6548\u904b\u884c\u7684\u95dc\u9375\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u5982\u679c\u60a8\u6b63\u5728\u5c0b\u627e\u9ad8\u6548\u7684\u6578\u64da\u5eab\u89e3\u6c7a\u65b9\u6848\uff0c\u8003\u616e\u4f7f\u7528<a href=\"https:\/\/server.hk\">\u9999\u6e2fVPS<\/a>\u4f86\u642d\u5efa\u60a8\u7684PostgreSQL\u74b0\u5883\uff0c\u9019\u5c07\u70ba\u60a8\u7684\u61c9\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\u63d0\u4f9b\u7a69\u5b9a\u548c\u9ad8\u6548\u7684\u652f\u6301\u3002<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u63a2\u7d22PostgreSQL\u908f\u8f2f\u512a\u5316\u7684\u6700\u4f73\u5be6\u8e10\uff0c\u5b78\u7fd2\u5982\u4f55\u642d\u5efa\u9ad8\u6548\u7684\u6574\u9ad4\u67b6\u69cb\u4ee5\u63d0\u5347\u6578\u64da\u5eab\u6027\u80fd\u3002<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":0,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[101],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-96920","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-database"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/server.hk\/cnblog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/96920","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/server.hk\/cnblog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/server.hk\/cnblog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/server.hk\/cnblog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=96920"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/server.hk\/cnblog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/96920\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":96921,"href":"https:\/\/server.hk\/cnblog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/96920\/revisions\/96921"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/server.hk\/cnblog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=96920"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/server.hk\/cnblog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=96920"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/server.hk\/cnblog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=96920"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}