{"id":96912,"date":"2024-10-20T13:24:17","date_gmt":"2024-10-20T05:24:17","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/server.hk\/cnblog\/96912\/"},"modified":"2024-10-20T13:24:18","modified_gmt":"2024-10-20T05:24:18","slug":"postgresql%e7%9a%84%e6%9c%80%e4%bd%b3%e7%89%b9%e6%80%a7-%e4%bd%a0%e7%94%a8%e4%ba%86%e5%90%97%ef%bc%9f","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/server.hk\/cnblog\/96912\/","title":{"rendered":"PostgreSQL\u7684\u6700\u4f73\u7279\u6027 \u4f60\u7528\u4e86\u5417\uff1f"},"content":{"rendered":"

PostgreSQL\u7684\u6700\u4f73\u7279\u6027 \u4f60\u7528\u4e86\u5417\uff1f<\/h1>\n

PostgreSQL\u662f\u4e00\u6b3e\u529f\u80fd\u5f3a\u5927\u7684\u5f00\u6e90\u5173\u7cfb\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u7ba1\u7406\u7cfb\u7edf\uff0c\u4ee5\u5176\u7a33\u5b9a\u6027\u548c\u7075\u6d3b\u6027\u800c\u95fb\u540d\u3002\u65e0\u8bba\u662f\u5c0f\u578b\u9879\u76ee\u8fd8\u662f\u5927\u578b\u4f01\u4e1a\u5e94\u7528\uff0cPostgreSQL\u90fd\u80fd\u63d0\u4f9b\u5353\u8d8a\u7684\u6027\u80fd\u548c\u4e30\u5bcc\u7684\u529f\u80fd\u3002\u672c\u6587\u5c06\u63a2\u8ba8PostgreSQL\u7684\u4e00\u4e9b\u6700\u4f73\u7279\u6027\uff0c\u5e2e\u52a9\u5f00\u53d1\u8005\u548c\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u7ba1\u7406\u5458\u66f4\u597d\u5730\u5229\u7528\u8fd9\u4e00\u5f3a\u5927\u7684\u5de5\u5177\u3002<\/p>\n

1. \u4e8b\u52a1\u652f\u6301<\/h2>\n

PostgreSQL\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u5168\u9762\u7684\u4e8b\u52a1\u652f\u6301\uff0c\u786e\u4fdd\u6570\u636e\u7684\u4e00\u81f4\u6027\u548c\u5b8c\u6574\u6027\u3002\u5b83\u9075\u5faaACID\uff08\u539f\u5b50\u6027\u3001\u4e00\u81f4\u6027\u3001\u9694\u79bb\u6027\u3001\u6301\u4e45\u6027\uff09\u539f\u5219\uff0c\u4f7f\u5f97\u5728\u591a\u7528\u6237\u73af\u5883\u4e2d\u8fdb\u884c\u590d\u6742\u64cd\u4f5c\u65f6\uff0c\u6570\u636e\u4e0d\u4f1a\u51fa\u73b0\u4e0d\u4e00\u81f4\u7684\u60c5\u51b5\u3002<\/p>\n

BEGIN;\nUPDATE accounts SET balance = balance - 100 WHERE user_id = 1;\nUPDATE accounts SET balance = balance + 100 WHERE user_id = 2;\nCOMMIT;<\/code><\/pre>\n
\u4e0a\u8ff0\u4ee3\u7801\u793a\u4f8b\u5c55\u793a\u4e86\u5982\u4f55\u5728PostgreSQL\u4e2d\u4f7f\u7528\u4e8b\u52a1\u6765\u786e\u4fdd\u4e24\u4e2a\u8d26\u6237\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u8d44\u91d1\u8f6c\u79fb\u662f\u5b89\u5168\u7684\u3002<\/p>\n
2. \u5f3a\u5927\u7684\u67e5\u8be2\u529f\u80fd<\/h2>\n
PostgreSQL\u652f\u6301\u590d\u6742\u7684\u67e5\u8be2\uff0c\u5305\u62ec\u5b50\u67e5\u8be2\u3001\u8054\u5408\u67e5\u8be2\u548c\u7a97\u53e3\u51fd\u6570\u7b49\u3002\u5176\u67e5\u8be2\u4f18\u5316\u5668\u80fd\u591f\u6709\u6548\u5730\u5904\u7406\u590d\u6742\u7684SQL\u8bed\u53e5\uff0c\u786e\u4fdd\u67e5\u8be2\u6027\u80fd\u3002<\/p>\n
SELECT user_id, SUM(amount) OVER (PARTITION BY user_id) AS total_amount\nFROM transactions;<\/code><\/pre>\n
\u8fd9\u4e2a\u67e5\u8be2\u793a\u4f8b\u5c55\u793a\u4e86\u5982\u4f55\u4f7f\u7528\u7a97\u53e3\u51fd\u6570\u6765\u8ba1\u7b97\u6bcf\u4e2a\u7528\u6237\u7684\u603b\u4ea4\u6613\u91d1\u989d\uff0c\u6781\u5927\u5730\u63d0\u9ad8\u4e86\u6570\u636e\u5206\u6790\u7684\u6548\u7387\u3002<\/p>\n
3. JSON\u548cJSONB\u652f\u6301<\/h2>\n
\u968f\u7740\u975e\u5173\u7cfb\u578b\u6570\u636e\u7684\u6d41\u884c\uff0cPostgreSQL\u5f15\u5165\u4e86\u5bf9JSON\u548cJSONB\u6570\u636e\u7c7b\u578b\u7684\u652f\u6301\u3002\u8fd9\u4f7f\u5f97\u5f00\u53d1\u8005\u80fd\u591f\u5728\u5173\u7cfb\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u4e2d\u5b58\u50a8\u548c\u67e5\u8be2\u975e\u7ed3\u6784\u5316\u6570\u636e\u3002<\/p>\n
CREATE TABLE products (\n    id SERIAL PRIMARY KEY,\n    data JSONB\n);\n\nINSERT INTO products (data) VALUES ('{\"name\": \"Laptop\", \"price\": 1200}');\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
\u901a\u8fc7\u8fd9\u79cd\u65b9\u5f0f\uff0c\u5f00\u53d1\u8005\u53ef\u4ee5\u7075\u6d3b\u5730\u5904\u7406\u5404\u79cd\u6570\u636e\u683c\u5f0f\uff0c\u800c\u65e0\u9700\u6539\u53d8\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u7ed3\u6784\u3002<\/p>\n
4. \u6269\u5c55\u6027<\/h2>\n
PostgreSQL\u7684\u6269\u5c55\u6027\u662f\u5176\u4e00\u5927\u4eae\u70b9\u3002\u7528\u6237\u53ef\u4ee5\u521b\u5efa\u81ea\u5b9a\u4e49\u6570\u636e\u7c7b\u578b\u3001\u51fd\u6570\u548c\u64cd\u4f5c\u7b26\uff0c\u751a\u81f3\u53ef\u4ee5\u7f16\u5199\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u6269\u5c55\u6a21\u5757\u3002\u8fd9\u79cd\u7075\u6d3b\u6027\u4f7f\u5f97PostgreSQL\u80fd\u591f\u9002\u5e94\u5404\u79cd\u7279\u5b9a\u9700\u6c42\u3002<\/p>\n
CREATE EXTENSION hstore;<\/code><\/pre>\n
\u901a\u8fc7\u5b89\u88c5hstore\u6269\u5c55\uff0c\u7528\u6237\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728PostgreSQL\u4e2d\u4f7f\u7528\u952e\u503c\u5bf9\u5b58\u50a8\u6570\u636e\uff0c\u8fdb\u4e00\u6b65\u589e\u5f3a\u4e86\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u7684\u529f\u80fd\u3002<\/p>\n
5. \u5730\u7406\u7a7a\u95f4\u6570\u636e\u652f\u6301<\/h2>\n
PostgreSQL\u901a\u8fc7PostGIS\u6269\u5c55\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u5f3a\u5927\u7684\u5730\u7406\u7a7a\u95f4\u6570\u636e\u652f\u6301\u3002\u5b83\u5141\u8bb8\u7528\u6237\u5b58\u50a8\u3001\u67e5\u8be2\u548c\u5206\u6790\u5730\u7406\u4fe1\u606f\uff0c\u9002\u7528\u4e8e\u5730\u7406\u4fe1\u606f\u7cfb\u7edf\uff08GIS\uff09\u5e94\u7528\u3002<\/p>\n
SELECT name FROM parks WHERE ST_Contains(geom, ST_MakePoint(1.0, 1.0));<\/code><\/pre>\n
\u8fd9\u4e2a\u67e5\u8be2\u793a\u4f8b\u5c55\u793a\u4e86\u5982\u4f55\u4f7f\u7528PostGIS\u6765\u67e5\u627e\u5305\u542b\u7279\u5b9a\u70b9\u7684\u516c\u56ed\uff0c\u663e\u793a\u4e86PostgreSQL\u5728\u5730\u7406\u6570\u636e\u5904\u7406\u65b9\u9762\u7684\u5f3a\u5927\u80fd\u529b\u3002<\/p>\n
\u603b\u7ed3<\/h2>\n
PostgreSQL\u4ee5\u5176\u4e30\u5bcc\u7684\u7279\u6027\u548c\u5f3a\u5927\u7684\u529f\u80fd\uff0c\u6210\u4e3a\u4e86\u8bb8\u591a\u5f00\u53d1\u8005\u548c\u4f01\u4e1a\u7684\u9996\u9009\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u7ba1\u7406\u7cfb\u7edf\u3002\u4ece\u4e8b\u52a1\u652f\u6301\u5230\u5730\u7406\u7a7a\u95f4\u6570\u636e\u5904\u7406\uff0cPostgreSQL\u4e3a\u5404\u79cd\u5e94\u7528\u573a\u666f\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u7075\u6d3b\u7684\u89e3\u51b3\u65b9\u6848\u3002\u5982\u679c\u4f60\u6b63\u5728\u5bfb\u627e\u9ad8\u6548\u7684\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u89e3\u51b3\u65b9\u6848\uff0c\u4e0d\u59a8\u8003\u8651\u4f7f\u7528\u9999\u6e2fVPS<\/a>\u6765\u90e8\u7f72\u4f60\u7684PostgreSQL\u6570\u636e\u5e93\uff0c\u4eab\u53d7\u66f4\u9ad8\u7684\u6027\u80fd\u548c\u53ef\u9760\u6027\u3002<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
\u63a2\u7d22PostgreSQL\u7684\u6700\u4f73\u7279\u6027\uff0c\u4e86\u89e3\u5982\u4f55\u5229\u7528\u5176\u5f3a\u5927\u529f\u80fd\u63d0\u5347\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u6027\u80fd\u4e0e\u7075\u6d3b\u6027\u3002\u4f60\u7528\u4e86\u5417\uff1f<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":0,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[101],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-96912","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-database"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/server.hk\/cnblog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/96912","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/server.hk\/cnblog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/server.hk\/cnblog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/server.hk\/cnblog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=96912"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/server.hk\/cnblog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/96912\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":96913,"href":"https:\/\/server.hk\/cnblog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/96912\/revisions\/96913"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/server.hk\/cnblog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=96912"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/server.hk\/cnblog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=96912"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/server.hk\/cnblog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=96912"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}