{"id":96408,"date":"2024-10-20T09:10:19","date_gmt":"2024-10-20T01:10:19","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/server.hk\/cnblog\/96408\/"},"modified":"2024-10-20T09:10:19","modified_gmt":"2024-10-20T01:10:19","slug":"pg%e9%a1%9e%e6%95%b8%e6%93%9a%e5%ba%ab%e5%84%aa%e5%8c%96%e4%b9%8b%e7%a9%a9%e5%ae%9a%e9%97%9c%e9%8d%b5sql%e5%9f%b7%e8%a1%8c%e9%80%9f%e5%ba%a6","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/server.hk\/cnblog\/96408\/","title":{"rendered":"PG\u985e\u6578\u64da\u5eab\u512a\u5316\u4e4b\u7a69\u5b9a\u95dc\u9375SQL\u57f7\u884c\u901f\u5ea6"},"content":{"rendered":"<h1 id=\"pg%e9%a1%9e%e6%95%b8%e6%93%9a%e5%ba%ab%e5%84%aa%e5%8c%96%e4%b9%8b%e7%a9%a9%e5%ae%9a%e9%97%9c%e9%8d%b5sql%e5%9f%b7%e8%a1%8c%e9%80%9f%e5%ba%a6-iCxqJtFjxE\">PG\u985e\u6578\u64da\u5eab\u512a\u5316\u4e4b\u7a69\u5b9a\u95dc\u9375SQL\u57f7\u884c\u901f\u5ea6<\/h1>\n<p>\u5728\u7576\u4eca\u6578\u64da\u9a45\u52d5\u7684\u4e16\u754c\u4e2d\uff0c\u6578\u64da\u5eab\u7684\u6027\u80fd\u5c0d\u65bc\u61c9\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\u7684\u6574\u9ad4\u6548\u7387\u81f3\u95dc\u91cd\u8981\u3002\u7279\u5225\u662f\u5c0d\u65bc\u4f7f\u7528PostgreSQL\uff08PG\uff09\u4f5c\u70ba\u6578\u64da\u5eab\u7684\u61c9\u7528\uff0c\u512a\u5316SQL\u57f7\u884c\u901f\u5ea6\u662f\u63d0\u5347\u7cfb\u7d71\u7a69\u5b9a\u6027\u548c\u7528\u6236\u9ad4\u9a57\u7684\u95dc\u9375\u3002\u672c\u6587\u5c07\u63a2\u8a0e\u5f71\u97ffPG\u6578\u64da\u5eabSQL\u57f7\u884c\u901f\u5ea6\u7684\u56e0\u7d20\u53ca\u5176\u512a\u5316\u65b9\u6cd5\u3002<\/p>\n<h2 id=\"%e5%bd%b1%e9%9f%bfsql%e5%9f%b7%e8%a1%8c%e9%80%9f%e5%ba%a6%e7%9a%84%e5%9b%a0%e7%b4%a0-iCxqJtFjxE\">\u5f71\u97ffSQL\u57f7\u884c\u901f\u5ea6\u7684\u56e0\u7d20<\/h2>\n<p>SQL\u57f7\u884c\u901f\u5ea6\u53d7\u591a\u7a2e\u56e0\u7d20\u5f71\u97ff\uff0c\u4e3b\u8981\u5305\u62ec\uff1a<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>\u67e5\u8a62\u8a2d\u8a08\uff1a<\/strong>\u4e0d\u5408\u7406\u7684\u67e5\u8a62\u8a2d\u8a08\u6703\u5c0e\u81f4\u6027\u80fd\u74f6\u9838\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u4f7f\u7528\u4e0d\u5fc5\u8981\u7684JOIN\u64cd\u4f5c\u6216\u5b50\u67e5\u8a62\u53ef\u80fd\u6703\u589e\u52a0\u57f7\u884c\u6642\u9593\u3002<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u7d22\u5f15\u4f7f\u7528\uff1a<\/strong>\u7d22\u5f15\u662f\u63d0\u9ad8\u67e5\u8a62\u901f\u5ea6\u7684\u91cd\u8981\u5de5\u5177\u3002\u7f3a\u4e4f\u9069\u7576\u7684\u7d22\u5f15\u6703\u5c0e\u81f4\u5168\u8868\u6383\u63cf\uff0c\u5f9e\u800c\u5f71\u97ff\u6027\u80fd\u3002<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u6578\u64da\u91cf\uff1a<\/strong>\u96a8\u8457\u6578\u64da\u91cf\u7684\u589e\u52a0\uff0c\u67e5\u8a62\u7684\u57f7\u884c\u6642\u9593\u4e5f\u6703\u96a8\u4e4b\u589e\u52a0\u3002\u5b9a\u671f\u6e05\u7406\u548c\u6b78\u6a94\u4e0d\u5fc5\u8981\u7684\u6578\u64da\u53ef\u4ee5\u5e6b\u52a9\u7dad\u6301\u6027\u80fd\u3002<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u786c\u9ad4\u8cc7\u6e90\uff1a<\/strong>\u4f3a\u670d\u5668\u7684CPU\u3001\u5167\u5b58\u548c\u5b58\u5132\u901f\u5ea6\u7b49\u786c\u9ad4\u8cc7\u6e90\u4e5f\u6703\u5f71\u97ffSQL\u7684\u57f7\u884c\u901f\u5ea6\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2 id=\"%e5%84%aa%e5%8c%96sql%e5%9f%b7%e8%a1%8c%e9%80%9f%e5%ba%a6%e7%9a%84%e6%96%b9%e6%b3%95-iCxqJtFjxE\">\u512a\u5316SQL\u57f7\u884c\u901f\u5ea6\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5<\/h2>\n<p>\u70ba\u4e86\u63d0\u9ad8PG\u6578\u64da\u5eab\u7684SQL\u57f7\u884c\u901f\u5ea6\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u63a1\u53d6\u4ee5\u4e0b\u5e7e\u7a2e\u512a\u5316\u65b9\u6cd5\uff1a<\/p>\n<h3 id=\"1-%e6%9f%a5%e8%a9%a2%e9%87%8d%e6%a7%8b-iCxqJtFjxE\">1. \u67e5\u8a62\u91cd\u69cb<\/h3>\n<p>\u91cd\u69cb\u67e5\u8a62\u662f\u512a\u5316\u7684\u7b2c\u4e00\u6b65\u3002\u4f7f\u7528EXPLAIN\u547d\u4ee4\u53ef\u4ee5\u5e6b\u52a9\u5206\u6790\u67e5\u8a62\u8a08\u5283\uff0c\u627e\u51fa\u6027\u80fd\u74f6\u9838\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff1a<\/p>\n<pre><code>EXPLAIN SELECT * FROM orders WHERE customer_id = 123;<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\u6839\u64da\u5206\u6790\u7d50\u679c\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u8003\u616e\u7c21\u5316\u67e5\u8a62\u6216\u4f7f\u7528\u66f4\u6709\u6548\u7684\u67e5\u8a62\u7d50\u69cb\u3002<\/p>\n<h3 id=\"2-%e4%bd%bf%e7%94%a8%e7%b4%a2%e5%bc%95-iCxqJtFjxE\">2. \u4f7f\u7528\u7d22\u5f15<\/h3>\n<p>\u70ba\u5e38\u7528\u7684\u67e5\u8a62\u5b57\u6bb5\u5275\u5efa\u7d22\u5f15\u53ef\u4ee5\u986f\u8457\u63d0\u9ad8\u67e5\u8a62\u901f\u5ea6\u3002\u4ee5\u4e0b\u662f\u5275\u5efa\u7d22\u5f15\u7684\u793a\u4f8b\uff1a<\/p>\n<pre><code>CREATE INDEX idx_customer_id ON orders (customer_id);<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\u7136\u800c\uff0c\u904e\u591a\u7684\u7d22\u5f15\u4e5f\u6703\u5f71\u97ff\u5beb\u5165\u6027\u80fd\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u9700\u8981\u6839\u64da\u5be6\u969b\u60c5\u6cc1\u9032\u884c\u5e73\u8861\u3002<\/p>\n<h3 id=\"3-%e6%95%b8%e6%93%9a%e5%88%86%e5%8d%80-iCxqJtFjxE\">3. \u6578\u64da\u5206\u5340<\/h3>\n<p>\u5c0d\u65bc\u5927\u578b\u6578\u64da\u8868\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u8003\u616e\u4f7f\u7528\u6578\u64da\u5206\u5340\u6280\u8853\u3002\u9019\u6a23\u53ef\u4ee5\u5c07\u6578\u64da\u5206\u6563\u5230\u591a\u500b\u8868\u4e2d\uff0c\u5f9e\u800c\u63d0\u9ad8\u67e5\u8a62\u6548\u7387\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff1a<\/p>\n<pre><code>CREATE TABLE orders_y2023 PARTITION OF orders FOR VALUES FROM ('2023-01-01') TO ('2024-01-01');<\/code><\/pre>\n<h3 id=\"4-%e8%aa%bf%e6%95%b4%e9%85%8d%e7%bd%ae%e5%8f%83%e6%95%b8-iCxqJtFjxE\">4. \u8abf\u6574\u914d\u7f6e\u53c3\u6578<\/h3>\n<p>PostgreSQL\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u591a\u7a2e\u914d\u7f6e\u53c3\u6578\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u6839\u64da\u5177\u9ad4\u9700\u6c42\u9032\u884c\u8abf\u6574\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u589e\u52a0shared_buffers\u548cwork_mem\u7684\u503c\u53ef\u4ee5\u63d0\u9ad8\u67e5\u8a62\u6027\u80fd\uff1a<\/p>\n<pre><code>SET shared_buffers = '256MB';<\/code><\/pre>\n<pre><code>SET work_mem = '64MB';<\/code><\/pre>\n<h2 id=\"%e7%9b%a3%e6%8e%a7%e5%92%8c%e7%b6%ad%e8%ad%b7-iCxqJtFjxE\">\u76e3\u63a7\u548c\u7dad\u8b77<\/h2>\n<p>\u6301\u7e8c\u76e3\u63a7\u6578\u64da\u5eab\u6027\u80fd\u662f\u78ba\u4fddSQL\u57f7\u884c\u901f\u5ea6\u7a69\u5b9a\u7684\u95dc\u9375\u3002\u4f7f\u7528pg_stat_statements\u64f4\u5c55\u53ef\u4ee5\u5e6b\u52a9\u6536\u96c6\u67e5\u8a62\u6027\u80fd\u6578\u64da\uff0c\u5f9e\u800c\u9032\u884c\u91dd\u5c0d\u6027\u7684\u512a\u5316\u3002<\/p>\n<pre><code>CREATE EXTENSION pg_stat_statements;<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\u5b9a\u671f\u9032\u884cVACUUM\u548cANALYZE\u64cd\u4f5c\u4e5f\u80fd\u4fdd\u6301\u6578\u64da\u5eab\u7684\u5065\u5eb7\u72c0\u614b\uff0c\u78ba\u4fdd\u67e5\u8a62\u6027\u80fd\u4e0d\u53d7\u5f71\u97ff\u3002<\/p>\n<h2 id=\"%e7%b5%90%e8%ab%96-iCxqJtFjxE\">\u7d50\u8ad6<\/h2>\n<p>\u512a\u5316PG\u985e\u6578\u64da\u5eab\u7684SQL\u57f7\u884c\u901f\u5ea6\u662f\u4e00\u500b\u6301\u7e8c\u7684\u904e\u7a0b\uff0c\u6d89\u53ca\u67e5\u8a62\u8a2d\u8a08\u3001\u7d22\u5f15\u4f7f\u7528\u3001\u6578\u64da\u5206\u5340\u53ca\u914d\u7f6e\u8abf\u6574\u7b49\u591a\u65b9\u9762\u7684\u8003\u91cf\u3002\u901a\u904e\u6709\u6548\u7684\u76e3\u63a7\u548c\u7dad\u8b77\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u78ba\u4fdd\u6578\u64da\u5eab\u5728\u9ad8\u8ca0\u8f09\u4e0b\u4f9d\u7136\u4fdd\u6301\u7a69\u5b9a\u7684\u6027\u80fd\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u5982\u9700\u4e86\u89e3\u66f4\u591a\u6709\u95dc\u65bc<em><a href=\"https:\/\/server.hk\">\u9999\u6e2fVPS<\/a><\/em>\u548c\u6578\u64da\u5eab\u512a\u5316\u7684\u8cc7\u8a0a\uff0c\u8acb\u8a2a\u554f\u6211\u5011\u7684\u7db2\u7ad9\u3002<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u63a2\u7d22PG\u985e\u6578\u64da\u5eab\u512a\u5316\u6280\u8853\uff0c\u63d0\u5347\u95dc\u9375SQL\u57f7\u884c\u901f\u5ea6\uff0c\u78ba\u4fdd\u7cfb\u7d71\u7a69\u5b9a\u6027\u8207\u6548\u80fd\u3002<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":0,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[101],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-96408","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-database"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/server.hk\/cnblog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/96408","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/server.hk\/cnblog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/server.hk\/cnblog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/server.hk\/cnblog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=96408"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/server.hk\/cnblog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/96408\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":96409,"href":"https:\/\/server.hk\/cnblog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/96408\/revisions\/96409"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/server.hk\/cnblog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=96408"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/server.hk\/cnblog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=96408"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/server.hk\/cnblog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=96408"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}