{"id":96144,"date":"2024-10-20T06:58:16","date_gmt":"2024-10-19T22:58:16","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/server.hk\/cnblog\/96144\/"},"modified":"2024-10-20T06:58:17","modified_gmt":"2024-10-19T22:58:17","slug":"oracle%e6%80%a7%e8%83%bd%e6%aa%a2%e6%b8%acsql%e8%aa%9e%e5%8f%a5%e4%b8%ad%e7%9a%84%e9%a0%85%e7%9b%ae","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/server.hk\/cnblog\/96144\/","title":{"rendered":"Oracle\u6027\u80fd\u6aa2\u6e2cSQL\u8a9e\u53e5\u4e2d\u7684\u9805\u76ee"},"content":{"rendered":"<h1 id=\"oracle%e6%80%a7%e8%83%bd%e6%aa%a2%e6%b8%acsql%e8%aa%9e%e5%8f%a5%e4%b8%ad%e7%9a%84%e9%a0%85%e7%9b%ae-YwpERwAGRu\">Oracle\u6027\u80fd\u6aa2\u6e2cSQL\u8a9e\u53e5\u4e2d\u7684\u9805\u76ee<\/h1>\n<p>\u5728\u7576\u4eca\u6578\u64da\u9a45\u52d5\u7684\u4e16\u754c\u4e2d\uff0c\u6578\u64da\u5eab\u7684\u6027\u80fd\u5c0d\u65bc\u4f01\u696d\u7684\u904b\u71df\u81f3\u95dc\u91cd\u8981\u3002Oracle\u6578\u64da\u5eab\u4f5c\u70ba\u4e00\u500b\u5f37\u5927\u7684\u6578\u64da\u7ba1\u7406\u7cfb\u7d71\uff0c\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u591a\u7a2e\u5de5\u5177\u548c\u65b9\u6cd5\u4f86\u6aa2\u6e2c\u548c\u512a\u5316\u6027\u80fd\u3002\u672c\u6587\u5c07\u63a2\u8a0eOracle\u6027\u80fd\u6aa2\u6e2cSQL\u8a9e\u53e5\u4e2d\u7684\u4e3b\u8981\u9805\u76ee\uff0c\u5e6b\u52a9\u7528\u6236\u66f4\u597d\u5730\u7406\u89e3\u5982\u4f55\u9032\u884c\u6027\u80fd\u8abf\u512a\u3002<\/p>\n<h2 id=\"1-%e6%80%a7%e8%83%bd%e6%aa%a2%e6%b8%ac%e7%9a%84%e5%bf%85%e8%a6%81%e6%80%a7-YwpERwAGRu\">1. \u6027\u80fd\u6aa2\u6e2c\u7684\u5fc5\u8981\u6027<\/h2>\n<p>\u96a8\u8457\u6578\u64da\u91cf\u7684\u589e\u9577\uff0c\u6578\u64da\u5eab\u7684\u6027\u80fd\u53ef\u80fd\u6703\u53d7\u5230\u5f71\u97ff\u3002\u6027\u80fd\u6aa2\u6e2c\u53ef\u4ee5\u5e6b\u52a9\u8b58\u5225\u74f6\u9838\uff0c\u5f9e\u800c\u63d0\u9ad8\u67e5\u8a62\u6548\u7387\u548c\u6574\u9ad4\u7cfb\u7d71\u7684\u97ff\u61c9\u901f\u5ea6\u3002\u901a\u904e\u5b9a\u671f\u6aa2\u6e2c\uff0c\u4f01\u696d\u53ef\u4ee5\u53ca\u6642\u767c\u73fe\u554f\u984c\u4e26\u9032\u884c\u8abf\u6574\uff0c\u907f\u514d\u6f5b\u5728\u7684\u696d\u52d9\u640d\u5931\u3002<\/p>\n<h2 id=\"2-%e4%b8%bb%e8%a6%81%e6%80%a7%e8%83%bd%e6%aa%a2%e6%b8%ac%e9%a0%85%e7%9b%ae-YwpERwAGRu\">2. \u4e3b\u8981\u6027\u80fd\u6aa2\u6e2c\u9805\u76ee<\/h2>\n<p>\u5728Oracle\u4e2d\uff0c\u6027\u80fd\u6aa2\u6e2cSQL\u8a9e\u53e5\u4e3b\u8981\u5305\u62ec\u4ee5\u4e0b\u5e7e\u500b\u9805\u76ee\uff1a<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>\u57f7\u884c\u8a08\u5283 (Execution Plan)<\/strong><\/li>\n<p>\u57f7\u884c\u8a08\u5283\u662fOracle\u7528\u4f86\u6c7a\u5b9a\u5982\u4f55\u57f7\u884cSQL\u8a9e\u53e5\u7684\u6b65\u9a5f\u3002\u4f7f\u7528 <code>EXPLAIN PLAN<\/code> \u547d\u4ee4\u53ef\u4ee5\u67e5\u770bSQL\u8a9e\u53e5\u7684\u57f7\u884c\u8a08\u5283\uff0c\u5e6b\u52a9\u7528\u6236\u7406\u89e3\u67e5\u8a62\u7684\u6548\u7387\u3002<\/p>\n<pre><code>EXPLAIN PLAN FOR\nSELECT * FROM employees WHERE department_id = 10;<\/code><\/pre>\n<li><strong>\u67e5\u8a62\u57f7\u884c\u6642\u9593 (Query Execution Time)<\/strong><\/li>\n<p>\u67e5\u8a62\u57f7\u884c\u6642\u9593\u662f\u8a55\u4f30SQL\u6027\u80fd\u7684\u91cd\u8981\u6307\u6a19\u3002\u7528\u6236\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528 <code>SET TIMING ON<\/code> \u547d\u4ee4\u4f86\u6e2c\u91cf\u67e5\u8a62\u7684\u57f7\u884c\u6642\u9593\u3002<\/p>\n<pre><code>SET TIMING ON;\nSELECT * FROM employees WHERE department_id = 10;<\/code><\/pre>\n<li><strong>IO\u6027\u80fd (I\/O Performance)<\/strong><\/li>\n<p>I\/O\u6027\u80fd\u76f4\u63a5\u5f71\u97ff\u6578\u64da\u5eab\u7684\u97ff\u61c9\u901f\u5ea6\u3002\u7528\u6236\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u904e\u67e5\u8a62 <code>V$FILESTAT<\/code> \u4f86\u7372\u53d6I\/O\u7d71\u8a08\u4fe1\u606f\u3002<\/p>\n<pre><code>SELECT * FROM V$FILESTAT;<\/code><\/pre>\n<li><strong>\u7de9\u885d\u5340\u547d\u4e2d\u7387 (Buffer Cache Hit Ratio)<\/strong><\/li>\n<p>\u7de9\u885d\u5340\u547d\u4e2d\u7387\u662f\u8861\u91cf\u6578\u64da\u5eab\u6027\u80fd\u7684\u4e00\u500b\u91cd\u8981\u6307\u6a19\u3002\u9ad8\u547d\u4e2d\u7387\u610f\u5473\u8457\u5927\u90e8\u5206\u67e5\u8a62\u90fd\u80fd\u5728\u5167\u5b58\u4e2d\u627e\u5230\u6578\u64da\uff0c\u5f9e\u800c\u63d0\u9ad8\u6027\u80fd\u3002\u7528\u6236\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u904e\u67e5\u8a62 <code>V$BUFFER_POOL_STATISTICS<\/code> \u4f86\u7372\u53d6\u76f8\u95dc\u6578\u64da\u3002<\/p>\n<pre><code>SELECT * FROM V$BUFFER_POOL_STATISTICS;<\/code><\/pre>\n<li><strong>\u9396\u5b9a\u548c\u7b49\u5f85\u4e8b\u4ef6 (Locks and Wait Events)<\/strong><\/li>\n<p>\u9396\u5b9a\u548c\u7b49\u5f85\u4e8b\u4ef6\u6703\u5f71\u97ff\u6578\u64da\u5eab\u7684\u6027\u80fd\u3002\u7528\u6236\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u904e\u67e5\u8a62 <code>V$SESSION<\/code> \u548c <code>V$SESSION_WAIT<\/code> \u4f86\u4e86\u89e3\u7576\u524d\u7684\u9396\u5b9a\u60c5\u6cc1\u548c\u7b49\u5f85\u4e8b\u4ef6\u3002<\/p>\n<pre><code>SELECT * FROM V$SESSION WHERE WAIT_TIME &gt; 0;<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/ul>\n<h2 id=\"3-%e6%80%a7%e8%83%bd%e8%aa%bf%e5%84%aa%e5%bb%ba%e8%ad%b0-YwpERwAGRu\">3. \u6027\u80fd\u8abf\u512a\u5efa\u8b70<\/h2>\n<p>\u5728\u9032\u884c\u6027\u80fd\u6aa2\u6e2c\u5f8c\uff0c\u6839\u64da\u6aa2\u6e2c\u7d50\u679c\u9032\u884c\u8abf\u512a\u662f\u975e\u5e38\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u3002\u4ee5\u4e0b\u662f\u4e00\u4e9b\u5e38\u898b\u7684\u6027\u80fd\u8abf\u512a\u5efa\u8b70\uff1a<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\u512a\u5316SQL\u8a9e\u53e5\uff1a\u78ba\u4fddSQL\u8a9e\u53e5\u7684\u7d50\u69cb\u7c21\u6f54\uff0c\u907f\u514d\u4e0d\u5fc5\u8981\u7684\u8a08\u7b97\u548c\u904e\u591a\u7684\u806f\u63a5\u3002<\/li>\n<li>\u4f7f\u7528\u7d22\u5f15\uff1a\u70ba\u5e38\u7528\u7684\u67e5\u8a62\u5b57\u6bb5\u5275\u5efa\u7d22\u5f15\uff0c\u4ee5\u63d0\u9ad8\u67e5\u8a62\u901f\u5ea6\u3002<\/li>\n<li>\u8abf\u6574\u6578\u64da\u5eab\u53c3\u6578\uff1a\u6839\u64da\u5be6\u969b\u4f7f\u7528\u60c5\u6cc1\u8abf\u6574Oracle\u7684\u53c3\u6578\u8a2d\u7f6e\uff0c\u4ee5\u9054\u5230\u6700\u4f73\u6027\u80fd\u3002<\/li>\n<li>\u5b9a\u671f\u6e05\u7406\u6578\u64da\uff1a\u522a\u9664\u4e0d\u5fc5\u8981\u7684\u6578\u64da\uff0c\u6e1b\u5c11\u6578\u64da\u5eab\u7684\u8ca0\u64d4\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2 id=\"%e7%b8%bd%e7%b5%90-YwpERwAGRu\">\u7e3d\u7d50<\/h2>\n<p>Oracle\u6027\u80fd\u6aa2\u6e2cSQL\u8a9e\u53e5\u4e2d\u7684\u9805\u76ee\u5c0d\u65bc\u78ba\u4fdd\u6578\u64da\u5eab\u7684\u9ad8\u6548\u904b\u884c\u81f3\u95dc\u91cd\u8981\u3002\u901a\u904e\u5b9a\u671f\u6aa2\u6e2c\u548c\u8abf\u512a\uff0c\u4f01\u696d\u53ef\u4ee5\u6709\u6548\u63d0\u5347\u6578\u64da\u5eab\u7684\u6027\u80fd\uff0c\u5f9e\u800c\u652f\u6301\u696d\u52d9\u7684\u6301\u7e8c\u589e\u9577\u3002\u82e5\u60a8\u9700\u8981\u9032\u4e00\u6b65\u4e86\u89e3\u5982\u4f55\u9078\u64c7\u5408\u9069\u7684 <a href=\"https:\/\/server.hk\">VPS<\/a> \u89e3\u6c7a\u65b9\u6848\u4ee5\u652f\u6301\u60a8\u7684\u6578\u64da\u5eab\u904b\u884c\uff0c\u8acb\u8a2a\u554f\u6211\u5011\u7684\u7db2\u7ad9\u4ee5\u7372\u53d6\u66f4\u591a\u4fe1\u606f\u3002<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u63a2\u7d22Oracle\u6027\u80fd\u6aa2\u6e2cSQL\u8a9e\u53e5\u4e2d\u7684\u95dc\u9375\u9805\u76ee\uff0c\u63d0\u5347\u67e5\u8a62\u6548\u7387\uff0c\u512a\u5316\u6578\u64da\u5eab\u6027\u80fd\uff0c\u78ba\u4fdd\u7cfb\u7d71\u7a69\u5b9a\u904b\u884c\u3002<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":0,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[101],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-96144","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-database"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/server.hk\/cnblog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/96144","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/server.hk\/cnblog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/server.hk\/cnblog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/server.hk\/cnblog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=96144"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/server.hk\/cnblog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/96144\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":96145,"href":"https:\/\/server.hk\/cnblog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/96144\/revisions\/96145"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/server.hk\/cnblog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=96144"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/server.hk\/cnblog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=96144"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/server.hk\/cnblog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=96144"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}