{"id":79846,"date":"2024-10-16T13:37:18","date_gmt":"2024-10-16T05:37:18","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/server.hk\/cnblog\/79846\/"},"modified":"2024-10-16T13:37:18","modified_gmt":"2024-10-16T05:37:18","slug":"mysql%e6%8c%87%e4%bb%a4-spatial%ef%bc%88%e7%a9%ba%e9%96%93%ef%bc%89","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/server.hk\/cnblog\/79846\/","title":{"rendered":"MySQL\u6307\u4ee4: SPATIAL\uff08\u7a7a\u9593\uff09"},"content":{"rendered":"<h1 id=\"mysql%e6%8c%87%e4%bb%a4-spatial%ef%bc%88%e7%a9%ba%e9%96%93%ef%bc%89-FaPokAmiET\">MySQL\u6307\u4ee4: SPATIAL\uff08\u7a7a\u9593\uff09<\/h1>\n<p>\u5728\u73fe\u4ee3\u6578\u64da\u5eab\u7ba1\u7406\u7cfb\u7d71\u4e2d\uff0c\u7a7a\u9593\u6578\u64da\u7684\u8655\u7406\u8b8a\u5f97\u8d8a\u4f86\u8d8a\u91cd\u8981\u3002MySQL\u4f5c\u70ba\u4e00\u500b\u6d41\u884c\u7684\u958b\u6e90\u6578\u64da\u5eab\u7cfb\u7d71\uff0c\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u5c0d\u7a7a\u9593\u6578\u64da\u7684\u652f\u6301\uff0c\u8b93\u958b\u767c\u8005\u80fd\u5920\u66f4\u6709\u6548\u5730\u7ba1\u7406\u548c\u67e5\u8a62\u5730\u7406\u4fe1\u606f\u3002\u672c\u6587\u5c07\u6df1\u5165\u63a2\u8a0eMySQL\u4e2d\u7684SPATIAL\u6307\u4ee4\u53ca\u5176\u61c9\u7528\u3002<\/p>\n<h2 id=\"%e4%bb%80%e9%ba%bc%e6%98%afspatial%e6%95%b8%e6%93%9a%ef%bc%9f-FaPokAmiET\">\u4ec0\u9ebc\u662fSPATIAL\u6578\u64da\uff1f<\/h2>\n<p>SPATIAL\u6578\u64da\u662f\u6307\u8207\u5730\u7406\u4f4d\u7f6e\u76f8\u95dc\u7684\u6578\u64da\uff0c\u901a\u5e38\u7528\u65bc\u8868\u793a\u5730\u5716\u4e0a\u7684\u9ede\u3001\u7dda\u548c\u9762\u3002\u9019\u985e\u6578\u64da\u5728\u5730\u7406\u4fe1\u606f\u7cfb\u7d71\uff08GIS\uff09\u3001\u57ce\u5e02\u898f\u5283\u3001\u74b0\u5883\u76e3\u6e2c\u7b49\u9818\u57df\u4e2d\u5177\u6709\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u61c9\u7528\u50f9\u503c\u3002MySQL\u901a\u904e\u5176\u7a7a\u9593\u64f4\u5c55\uff0c\u652f\u6301\u591a\u7a2e\u7a7a\u9593\u6578\u64da\u985e\u578b\uff0c\u5982POINT\u3001LINESTRING\u548cPOLYGON\u7b49\u3002<\/p>\n<h2 id=\"mysql%e4%b8%ad%e7%9a%84%e7%a9%ba%e9%96%93%e6%95%b8%e6%93%9a%e9%a1%9e%e5%9e%8b-FaPokAmiET\">MySQL\u4e2d\u7684\u7a7a\u9593\u6578\u64da\u985e\u578b<\/h2>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>POINT<\/strong>: \u8868\u793a\u4e00\u500b\u5730\u7406\u4f4d\u7f6e\u7684\u9ede\uff0c\u901a\u5e38\u7531\u7d93\u5ea6\u548c\u7def\u5ea6\u7d44\u6210\u3002<\/li>\n<li><strong>LINESTRING<\/strong>: \u8868\u793a\u4e00\u689d\u7dda\uff0c\u7531\u591a\u500b\u9ede\u7d44\u6210\uff0c\u9069\u5408\u7528\u65bc\u8868\u793a\u8def\u5f91\u6216\u908a\u754c\u3002<\/li>\n<li><strong>POLYGON<\/strong>: \u8868\u793a\u4e00\u500b\u591a\u908a\u5f62\uff0c\u901a\u5e38\u7528\u65bc\u8868\u793a\u5340\u57df\u6216\u7bc4\u570d\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2 id=\"%e5%a6%82%e4%bd%95%e4%bd%bf%e7%94%a8spatial%e7%b4%a2%e5%bc%95-FaPokAmiET\">\u5982\u4f55\u4f7f\u7528SPATIAL\u7d22\u5f15<\/h2>\n<p>\u5728MySQL\u4e2d\uff0cSPATIAL\u7d22\u5f15\u53ef\u4ee5\u986f\u8457\u63d0\u9ad8\u7a7a\u9593\u67e5\u8a62\u7684\u6027\u80fd\u3002\u8981\u4f7f\u7528SPATIAL\u7d22\u5f15\uff0c\u9996\u5148\u9700\u8981\u5275\u5efa\u4e00\u500b\u5305\u542b\u7a7a\u9593\u6578\u64da\u985e\u578b\u7684\u8868\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff1a<\/p>\n<pre><code>CREATE TABLE locations (\n    id INT NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT,\n    name VARCHAR(100),\n    coordinates POINT NOT NULL,\n    SPATIAL INDEX(coordinates),\n    PRIMARY KEY (id)\n);<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\u5728\u9019\u500b\u4f8b\u5b50\u4e2d\uff0c\u6211\u5011\u5275\u5efa\u4e86\u4e00\u500b\u540d\u70balocations\u7684\u8868\uff0c\u4e26\u5728coordinates\u5217\u4e0a\u5275\u5efa\u4e86SPATIAL\u7d22\u5f15\u3002\u9019\u6a23\u53ef\u4ee5\u52a0\u5feb\u57fa\u65bc\u7a7a\u9593\u7684\u67e5\u8a62\u901f\u5ea6\u3002<\/p>\n<h2 id=\"%e7%a9%ba%e9%96%93%e6%9f%a5%e8%a9%a2%e7%a4%ba%e4%be%8b-FaPokAmiET\">\u7a7a\u9593\u67e5\u8a62\u793a\u4f8b<\/h2>\n<p>\u4f7f\u7528SPATIAL\u7d22\u5f15\u5f8c\uff0c\u6211\u5011\u53ef\u4ee5\u9032\u884c\u5404\u7a2e\u7a7a\u9593\u67e5\u8a62\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u67e5\u8a62\u67d0\u500b\u9ede\u662f\u5426\u5728\u7279\u5b9a\u7684\u591a\u908a\u5f62\u5167\uff1a<\/p>\n<pre><code>SELECT name FROM locations\nWHERE ST_Contains(ST_PolygonFromText('POLYGON((...))'), coordinates);<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\u5728\u9019\u88e1\uff0cST_Contains\u51fd\u6578\u7528\u65bc\u6aa2\u67e5coordinates\u662f\u5426\u5728\u6307\u5b9a\u7684\u591a\u908a\u5f62\u5167\u3002\u9019\u7a2e\u67e5\u8a62\u5728\u5730\u7406\u4fe1\u606f\u7cfb\u7d71\u4e2d\u975e\u5e38\u5e38\u898b\uff0c\u80fd\u5920\u5e6b\u52a9\u6211\u5011\u5feb\u901f\u7372\u53d6\u6240\u9700\u7684\u6578\u64da\u3002<\/p>\n<h2 id=\"spatial%e5%87%bd%e6%95%b8%e7%9a%84%e6%87%89%e7%94%a8-FaPokAmiET\">SPATIAL\u51fd\u6578\u7684\u61c9\u7528<\/h2>\n<p>MySQL\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u591a\u7a2eSPATIAL\u51fd\u6578\u4f86\u8655\u7406\u7a7a\u9593\u6578\u64da\u3002\u4ee5\u4e0b\u662f\u4e00\u4e9b\u5e38\u7528\u7684\u51fd\u6578\uff1a<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>ST_Distance<\/strong>: \u8a08\u7b97\u5169\u500b\u7a7a\u9593\u5c0d\u8c61\u4e4b\u9593\u7684\u8ddd\u96e2\u3002<\/li>\n<li><strong>ST_Intersects<\/strong>: \u6aa2\u67e5\u5169\u500b\u7a7a\u9593\u5c0d\u8c61\u662f\u5426\u76f8\u4ea4\u3002<\/li>\n<li><strong>ST_Within<\/strong>: \u6aa2\u67e5\u4e00\u500b\u7a7a\u9593\u5c0d\u8c61\u662f\u5426\u5728\u53e6\u4e00\u500b\u7a7a\u9593\u5c0d\u8c61\u5167\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\u9019\u4e9b\u51fd\u6578\u4f7f\u5f97\u958b\u767c\u8005\u80fd\u5920\u9748\u6d3b\u5730\u8655\u7406\u548c\u5206\u6790\u7a7a\u9593\u6578\u64da\uff0c\u5f9e\u800c\u6eff\u8db3\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u696d\u52d9\u9700\u6c42\u3002<\/p>\n<h2 id=\"%e7%b8%bd%e7%b5%90-FaPokAmiET\">\u7e3d\u7d50<\/h2>\n<p>MySQL\u7684SPATIAL\u6307\u4ee4\u548c\u7a7a\u9593\u6578\u64da\u985e\u578b\u70ba\u958b\u767c\u8005\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u5f37\u5927\u7684\u5de5\u5177\u4f86\u8655\u7406\u5730\u7406\u4fe1\u606f\u3002\u901a\u904e\u4f7f\u7528SPATIAL\u7d22\u5f15\u548c\u5404\u7a2e\u7a7a\u9593\u51fd\u6578\uff0c\u958b\u767c\u8005\u53ef\u4ee5\u9ad8\u6548\u5730\u9032\u884c\u7a7a\u9593\u67e5\u8a62\u548c\u6578\u64da\u5206\u6790\u3002\u96a8\u8457\u5730\u7406\u4fe1\u606f\u7cfb\u7d71\u7684\u666e\u53ca\uff0c\u638c\u63e1\u9019\u4e9b\u6280\u8853\u5c07\u5c0d\u65bc\u6578\u64da\u5eab\u7ba1\u7406\u548c\u61c9\u7528\u958b\u767c\u81f3\u95dc\u91cd\u8981\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u5982\u679c\u60a8\u5c0d\u65bc\u5982\u4f55\u5728\u60a8\u7684\u9805\u76ee\u4e2d\u4f7f\u7528MySQL\u7684\u7a7a\u9593\u529f\u80fd\u6709\u8208\u8da3\uff0c\u6216\u8005\u9700\u8981\u9ad8\u6548\u7684<a href=\"https:\/\/server.hk\">\u9999\u6e2fVPS<\/a>\u89e3\u6c7a\u65b9\u6848\u4f86\u652f\u6301\u60a8\u7684\u6578\u64da\u5eab\u9700\u6c42\uff0c\u8acb\u96a8\u6642\u8a2a\u554f\u6211\u5011\u7684\u7db2\u7ad9\u4ee5\u7372\u53d6\u66f4\u591a\u4fe1\u606f\u3002<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u63a2\u7d22MySQL\u4e2d\u7684SPATIAL\u6307\u4ee4\uff0c\u4e86\u89e3\u5982\u4f55\u6709\u6548\u7ba1\u7406\u548c\u67e5\u8be2\u7a7a\u9593\u6578\u64da\uff0c\u63d0\u5347\u5730\u7406\u4fe1\u606f\u7cfb\u7d71\u7684\u6027\u80fd\u8207\u6548\u7387\u3002<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":0,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[101],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-79846","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-database"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/server.hk\/cnblog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/79846","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/server.hk\/cnblog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/server.hk\/cnblog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/server.hk\/cnblog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=79846"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/server.hk\/cnblog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/79846\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":79847,"href":"https:\/\/server.hk\/cnblog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/79846\/revisions\/79847"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/server.hk\/cnblog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=79846"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/server.hk\/cnblog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=79846"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/server.hk\/cnblog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=79846"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}