{"id":77076,"date":"2024-10-16T10:22:14","date_gmt":"2024-10-16T02:22:14","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/server.hk\/cnblog\/77076\/"},"modified":"2024-10-16T10:22:14","modified_gmt":"2024-10-16T02:22:14","slug":"mysql%e6%80%a7%e8%83%bd%e8%aa%bf%e5%84%aa%ef%bc%8c%e9%80%99%e5%80%8b%e5%b7%a5%e5%85%b7%e6%9c%80%e6%9c%89%e7%94%a8%ef%bc%88%e4%b8%ad%ef%bc%89","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/server.hk\/cnblog\/77076\/","title":{"rendered":"MySQL\u6027\u80fd\u8abf\u512a\uff0c\u9019\u500b\u5de5\u5177\u6700\u6709\u7528\uff08\u4e2d\uff09"},"content":{"rendered":"

MySQL\u6027\u80fd\u8abf\u512a\uff0c\u9019\u500b\u5de5\u5177\u6700\u6709\u7528\uff08\u4e2d\uff09<\/h1>\n

\u5728\u7576\u4eca\u6578\u64da\u9a45\u52d5\u7684\u4e16\u754c\u4e2d\uff0cMySQL\u4f5c\u70ba\u4e00\u500b\u6d41\u884c\u7684\u958b\u6e90\u6578\u64da\u5eab\u7ba1\u7406\u7cfb\u7d71\uff0c\u5ee3\u6cdb\u61c9\u7528\u65bc\u5404\u7a2e\u61c9\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\u4e2d\u3002\u96a8\u8457\u6578\u64da\u91cf\u7684\u589e\u9577\uff0c\u6027\u80fd\u8abf\u512a\u8b8a\u5f97\u5c24\u70ba\u91cd\u8981\u3002\u672c\u6587\u5c07\u63a2\u8a0e\u4e00\u4e9b\u6709\u6548\u7684MySQL\u6027\u80fd\u8abf\u512a\u5de5\u5177\uff0c\u5e6b\u52a9\u7528\u6236\u63d0\u5347\u6578\u64da\u5eab\u7684\u904b\u884c\u6548\u7387\u3002<\/p>\n

1. MySQL\u6162\u67e5\u8a62\u65e5\u8a8c<\/h2>\n

\u6162\u67e5\u8a62\u65e5\u8a8c\u662fMySQL\u4e2d\u4e00\u500b\u975e\u5e38\u6709\u7528\u7684\u529f\u80fd\uff0c\u80fd\u5920\u5e6b\u52a9\u958b\u767c\u8005\u8b58\u5225\u6027\u80fd\u74f6\u9838\u3002\u901a\u904e\u8a18\u9304\u57f7\u884c\u6642\u9593\u8d85\u904e\u6307\u5b9a\u95be\u503c\u7684\u67e5\u8a62\uff0c\u958b\u767c\u8005\u53ef\u4ee5\u5206\u6790\u54ea\u4e9b\u67e5\u8a62\u9700\u8981\u512a\u5316\u3002<\/p>\n

SET GLOBAL slow_query_log = 'ON';\nSET GLOBAL long_query_time = 2; -- \u8a2d\u5b9a\u67e5\u8a62\u6642\u9593\u95be\u503c\u70ba2\u79d2\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
\u555f\u7528\u6162\u67e5\u8a62\u65e5\u8a8c\u5f8c\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u5de5\u5177\u5982pt-query-digest\u4f86\u5206\u6790\u65e5\u8a8c\uff0c\u627e\u51fa\u6700\u8017\u6642\u7684\u67e5\u8a62\uff0c\u9032\u800c\u9032\u884c\u512a\u5316\u3002<\/p>\n
2. MySQLTuner<\/h2>\n
MySQLTuner\u662f\u4e00\u500b\u7528\u65bc\u8a55\u4f30MySQL\u6027\u80fd\u7684\u8173\u672c\uff0c\u80fd\u5920\u63d0\u4f9b\u91dd\u5c0d\u7576\u524d\u914d\u7f6e\u7684\u5efa\u8b70\u3002\u5b83\u6703\u5206\u6790\u6578\u64da\u5eab\u7684\u904b\u884c\u72c0\u614b\uff0c\u4e26\u7d66\u51fa\u512a\u5316\u5efa\u8b70\uff0c\u5305\u62ec\u5167\u5b58\u4f7f\u7528\u3001\u67e5\u8a62\u7de9\u5b58\u3001\u7d22\u5f15\u4f7f\u7528\u7b49\u65b9\u9762\u3002<\/p>\n
perl mysqltuner.pl\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
\u904b\u884c\u8a72\u8173\u672c\u5f8c\uff0c\u6839\u64da\u5176\u63d0\u4f9b\u7684\u5efa\u8b70\u9032\u884c\u8abf\u6574\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u986f\u8457\u63d0\u5347\u6578\u64da\u5eab\u6027\u80fd\u3002<\/p>\n
3. EXPLAIN\u8a9e\u53e5<\/h2>\n
EXPLAIN\u8a9e\u53e5\u662fMySQL\u4e2d\u4e00\u500b\u5f37\u5927\u7684\u5de5\u5177\uff0c\u7528\u65bc\u5206\u6790\u67e5\u8a62\u7684\u57f7\u884c\u8a08\u5283\u3002\u901a\u904e\u4f7f\u7528EXPLAIN\uff0c\u958b\u767c\u8005\u53ef\u4ee5\u4e86\u89e3MySQL\u5982\u4f55\u57f7\u884c\u67e5\u8a62\uff0c\u4e26\u627e\u51fa\u6f5b\u5728\u7684\u6027\u80fd\u554f\u984c\u3002<\/p>\n
EXPLAIN SELECT * FROM users WHERE age > 30;\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
\u6839\u64daEXPLAIN\u7684\u8f38\u51fa\uff0c\u958b\u767c\u8005\u53ef\u4ee5\u5224\u65b7\u662f\u5426\u9700\u8981\u6dfb\u52a0\u7d22\u5f15\u6216\u91cd\u69cb\u67e5\u8a62\uff0c\u4ee5\u63d0\u9ad8\u67e5\u8a62\u6548\u7387\u3002<\/p>\n
4. Indexing\uff08\u7d22\u5f15\uff09<\/h2>\n
\u7d22\u5f15\u662f\u63d0\u9ad8\u67e5\u8a62\u6027\u80fd\u7684\u95dc\u9375\u3002\u6b63\u78ba\u7684\u7d22\u5f15\u53ef\u4ee5\u986f\u8457\u6e1b\u5c11\u67e5\u8a62\u7684\u57f7\u884c\u6642\u9593\u3002\u958b\u767c\u8005\u61c9\u6839\u64da\u67e5\u8a62\u7684\u7279\u9ede\u9078\u64c7\u5408\u9069\u7684\u7d22\u5f15\u985e\u578b\uff0c\u5982B-tree\u7d22\u5f15\u3001\u54c8\u5e0c\u7d22\u5f15\u7b49\u3002<\/p>\n
CREATE INDEX idx_age ON users(age);\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
\u5728\u9078\u64c7\u7d22\u5f15\u6642\uff0c\u61c9\u8003\u616e\u5230\u67e5\u8a62\u7684\u983b\u7387\u548c\u6578\u64da\u7684\u66f4\u65b0\u983b\u7387\uff0c\u4ee5\u907f\u514d\u56e0\u70ba\u904e\u591a\u7684\u7d22\u5f15\u800c\u5f71\u97ff\u5beb\u5165\u6027\u80fd\u3002<\/p>\n
5. \u7de9\u5b58\u6280\u8853<\/h2>\n
\u4f7f\u7528\u7de9\u5b58\u6280\u8853\u53ef\u4ee5\u986f\u8457\u63d0\u9ad8MySQL\u7684\u6027\u80fd\u3002MySQL\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u67e5\u8a62\u7de9\u5b58\u529f\u80fd\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u5c07\u67e5\u8a62\u7d50\u679c\u7de9\u5b58\u8d77\u4f86\uff0c\u5f9e\u800c\u6e1b\u5c11\u91cd\u8907\u67e5\u8a62\u7684\u958b\u92b7\u3002<\/p>\n
SET GLOBAL query_cache_size = 1048576; -- \u8a2d\u5b9a\u67e5\u8a62\u7de9\u5b58\u5927\u5c0f\u70ba1MB\nSET GLOBAL query_cache_type = 1; -- \u555f\u7528\u67e5\u8a62\u7de9\u5b58\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
\u6b64\u5916\uff0c\u9084\u53ef\u4ee5\u8003\u616e\u4f7f\u7528\u5916\u90e8\u7de9\u5b58\u7cfb\u7d71\uff0c\u5982Redis\u6216Memcached\uff0c\u4f86\u9032\u4e00\u6b65\u63d0\u5347\u6027\u80fd\u3002<\/p>\n
\u7e3d\u7d50<\/h2>\n
MySQL\u6027\u80fd\u8abf\u512a\u662f\u4e00\u500b\u6301\u7e8c\u7684\u904e\u7a0b\uff0c\u4f7f\u7528\u5408\u9069\u7684\u5de5\u5177\u548c\u6280\u8853\u53ef\u4ee5\u986f\u8457\u63d0\u5347\u6578\u64da\u5eab\u7684\u6548\u7387\u3002\u901a\u904e\u555f\u7528\u6162\u67e5\u8a62\u65e5\u8a8c\u3001\u4f7f\u7528MySQLTuner\u3001\u5206\u6790\u67e5\u8a62\u8a08\u5283\u3001\u6b63\u78ba\u4f7f\u7528\u7d22\u5f15\u4ee5\u53ca\u7de9\u5b58\u6280\u8853\uff0c\u958b\u767c\u8005\u53ef\u4ee5\u6709\u6548\u5730\u512a\u5316MySQL\u6027\u80fd\u3002\u5c0d\u65bc\u9700\u8981\u9ad8\u6548\u6578\u64da\u8655\u7406\u7684\u61c9\u7528\uff0c\u9078\u64c7\u5408\u9069\u7684VPS<\/a>\u89e3\u6c7a\u65b9\u6848\u4e5f\u662f\u81f3\u95dc\u91cd\u8981\u7684\uff0c\u9019\u6a23\u53ef\u4ee5\u78ba\u4fdd\u6578\u64da\u5eab\u5728\u7a69\u5b9a\u7684\u74b0\u5883\u4e2d\u904b\u884c\uff0c\u9032\u4e00\u6b65\u63d0\u5347\u6027\u80fd\u3002<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
\u63a2\u7d22MySQL\u6027\u80fd\u8abf\u512a\u7684\u6700\u4f73\u5de5\u5177\uff0c\u63d0\u5347\u6578\u64da\u5eab\u6548\u7387\uff0c\u512a\u5316\u67e5\u8a62\u901f\u5ea6\uff0c\u5be6\u73fe\u66f4\u9ad8\u6548\u7684\u6578\u64da\u7ba1\u7406\u3002<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":0,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[101],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-77076","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-database"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/server.hk\/cnblog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/77076","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/server.hk\/cnblog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/server.hk\/cnblog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/server.hk\/cnblog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=77076"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/server.hk\/cnblog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/77076\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":77077,"href":"https:\/\/server.hk\/cnblog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/77076\/revisions\/77077"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/server.hk\/cnblog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=77076"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/server.hk\/cnblog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=77076"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/server.hk\/cnblog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=77076"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}