{"id":76716,"date":"2024-10-16T09:14:17","date_gmt":"2024-10-16T01:14:17","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/server.hk\/cnblog\/76716\/"},"modified":"2024-10-16T09:14:17","modified_gmt":"2024-10-16T01:14:17","slug":"mysql%e6%95%b8%e6%93%9a%e5%ba%ab%e4%b8%ad%e7%9a%84%e5%ae%89%e5%85%a8%e8%a7%a3%e6%b1%ba%e6%96%b9%e6%a1%88","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/server.hk\/cnblog\/76716\/","title":{"rendered":"MySQL\u6578\u64da\u5eab\u4e2d\u7684\u5b89\u5168\u89e3\u6c7a\u65b9\u6848"},"content":{"rendered":"<h1 id=\"mysql%e6%95%b8%e6%93%9a%e5%ba%ab%e4%b8%ad%e7%9a%84%e5%ae%89%e5%85%a8%e8%a7%a3%e6%b1%ba%e6%96%b9%e6%a1%88-nsohVomMCr\">MySQL\u6578\u64da\u5eab\u4e2d\u7684\u5b89\u5168\u89e3\u6c7a\u65b9\u6848<\/h1>\n<p>\u5728\u7576\u4eca\u6578\u64da\u9a45\u52d5\u7684\u4e16\u754c\u4e2d\uff0c\u6578\u64da\u5eab\u7684\u5b89\u5168\u6027\u8b8a\u5f97\u8d8a\u4f86\u8d8a\u91cd\u8981\u3002MySQL\u4f5c\u70ba\u4e00\u500b\u5ee3\u6cdb\u4f7f\u7528\u7684\u958b\u6e90\u6578\u64da\u5eab\u7ba1\u7406\u7cfb\u7d71\uff0c\u5118\u7ba1\u5176\u672c\u8eab\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u4e00\u4e9b\u5b89\u5168\u529f\u80fd\uff0c\u4f46\u7528\u6236\u4ecd\u9700\u63a1\u53d6\u984d\u5916\u7684\u63aa\u65bd\u4f86\u4fdd\u8b77\u5176\u6578\u64da\u3002\u672c\u6587\u5c07\u63a2\u8a0eMySQL\u6578\u64da\u5eab\u4e2d\u7684\u5b89\u5168\u89e3\u6c7a\u65b9\u6848\uff0c\u5e6b\u52a9\u7528\u6236\u52a0\u5f37\u5176\u6578\u64da\u7684\u5b89\u5168\u6027\u3002<\/p>\n<h2 id=\"1-%e7%94%a8%e6%88%b6%e6%ac%8a%e9%99%90%e7%ae%a1%e7%90%86-nsohVomMCr\">1. \u7528\u6236\u6b0a\u9650\u7ba1\u7406<\/h2>\n<p>MySQL\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u9748\u6d3b\u7684\u7528\u6236\u6b0a\u9650\u7ba1\u7406\u529f\u80fd\u3002\u7528\u6236\u53ef\u4ee5\u6839\u64da\u9700\u8981\u8a2d\u7f6e\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u6b0a\u9650\uff0c\u4ee5\u9650\u5236\u5c0d\u6578\u64da\u5eab\u7684\u8a2a\u554f\u3002\u9019\u6a23\u53ef\u4ee5\u78ba\u4fdd\u53ea\u6709\u6388\u6b0a\u7528\u6236\u624d\u80fd\u8a2a\u554f\u654f\u611f\u6578\u64da\u3002<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>\u5275\u5efa\u7528\u6236\uff1a<\/strong>\u4f7f\u7528\u4ee5\u4e0b\u547d\u4ee4\u5275\u5efa\u65b0\u7528\u6236\uff1a<\/li>\n<pre><code>CREATE USER 'newuser'@'localhost' IDENTIFIED BY 'password';<\/code><\/pre>\n<li><strong>\u6388\u4e88\u6b0a\u9650\uff1a<\/strong>\u4f7f\u7528\u4ee5\u4e0b\u547d\u4ee4\u6388\u4e88\u7528\u6236\u7279\u5b9a\u6b0a\u9650\uff1a<\/li>\n<pre><code>GRANT SELECT, INSERT ON database_name.* TO 'newuser'@'localhost';<\/code><\/pre>\n<li><strong>\u64a4\u92b7\u6b0a\u9650\uff1a<\/strong>\u4f7f\u7528\u4ee5\u4e0b\u547d\u4ee4\u64a4\u92b7\u7528\u6236\u7684\u6b0a\u9650\uff1a<\/li>\n<pre><code>REVOKE SELECT ON database_name.* FROM 'newuser'@'localhost';<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/ul>\n<h2 id=\"2-%e6%95%b8%e6%93%9a%e5%8a%a0%e5%af%86-nsohVomMCr\">2. \u6578\u64da\u52a0\u5bc6<\/h2>\n<p>\u6578\u64da\u52a0\u5bc6\u662f\u4fdd\u8b77\u6578\u64da\u7684\u4e00\u7a2e\u6709\u6548\u65b9\u6cd5\u3002MySQL\u652f\u6301\u591a\u7a2e\u52a0\u5bc6\u6280\u8853\uff0c\u5305\u62ec\u50b3\u8f38\u5c64\u5b89\u5168\u6027\uff08TLS\uff09\u548c\u6578\u64da\u5eab\u5167\u90e8\u52a0\u5bc6\u3002<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>\u50b3\u8f38\u5c64\u52a0\u5bc6\uff1a<\/strong>\u555f\u7528TLS\u53ef\u4ee5\u4fdd\u8b77\u6578\u64da\u5728\u50b3\u8f38\u904e\u7a0b\u4e2d\u7684\u5b89\u5168\u3002\u7528\u6236\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728MySQL\u914d\u7f6e\u6587\u4ef6\u4e2d\u8a2d\u7f6eSSL\u53c3\u6578\u3002<\/li>\n<pre><code>[mysqld]\n    require_secure_transport = ON\n    ssl_cert = \/path\/to\/server-cert.pem\n    ssl_key = \/path\/to\/server-key.pem\n    ssl_ca = \/path\/to\/ca-cert.pem<\/code><\/pre>\n<li><strong>\u6578\u64da\u5eab\u5167\u90e8\u52a0\u5bc6\uff1a<\/strong>MySQL\u9084\u652f\u6301\u4f7f\u7528AES\u7b49\u52a0\u5bc6\u7b97\u6cd5\u5c0d\u6578\u64da\u9032\u884c\u52a0\u5bc6\u3002\u7528\u6236\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u4ee5\u4e0b\u547d\u4ee4\u9032\u884c\u6578\u64da\u52a0\u5bc6\uff1a<\/li>\n<pre><code>SET @key_str = 'my_secret_key';\n    SET @init_vector = 'my_init_vector';\n    SELECT AES_ENCRYPT('my_data', @key_str, @init_vector);<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/ul>\n<h2 id=\"3-%e5%ae%9a%e6%9c%9f%e5%82%99%e4%bb%bd-nsohVomMCr\">3. \u5b9a\u671f\u5099\u4efd<\/h2>\n<p>\u5b9a\u671f\u5099\u4efd\u662f\u9632\u6b62\u6578\u64da\u4e1f\u5931\u7684\u91cd\u8981\u63aa\u65bd\u3002MySQL\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u591a\u7a2e\u5099\u4efd\u5de5\u5177\uff0c\u5982mysqldump\u548cMySQL Enterprise Backup\u3002<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>\u4f7f\u7528mysqldump\u5099\u4efd\uff1a<\/strong>\u7528\u6236\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u4ee5\u4e0b\u547d\u4ee4\u9032\u884c\u5099\u4efd\uff1a<\/li>\n<pre><code>mysqldump -u username -p database_name &gt; backup.sql<\/code><\/pre>\n<li><strong>\u81ea\u52d5\u5316\u5099\u4efd\uff1a<\/strong>\u7528\u6236\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528cron\u4f5c\u696d\u81ea\u52d5\u5316\u5099\u4efd\u904e\u7a0b\uff0c\u78ba\u4fdd\u6578\u64da\u7684\u6301\u7e8c\u4fdd\u8b77\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2 id=\"4-%e7%9b%a3%e6%8e%a7%e5%92%8c%e6%97%a5%e8%aa%8c%e8%a8%98%e9%8c%84-nsohVomMCr\">4. \u76e3\u63a7\u548c\u65e5\u8a8c\u8a18\u9304<\/h2>\n<p>\u76e3\u63a7\u548c\u65e5\u8a8c\u8a18\u9304\u662f\u6aa2\u6e2c\u548c\u61c9\u5c0d\u5b89\u5168\u4e8b\u4ef6\u7684\u91cd\u8981\u624b\u6bb5\u3002MySQL\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u591a\u7a2e\u65e5\u8a8c\u529f\u80fd\uff0c\u5305\u62ec\u67e5\u8a62\u65e5\u8a8c\u548c\u932f\u8aa4\u65e5\u8a8c\u3002<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>\u555f\u7528\u67e5\u8a62\u65e5\u8a8c\uff1a<\/strong>\u7528\u6236\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728MySQL\u914d\u7f6e\u6587\u4ef6\u4e2d\u555f\u7528\u67e5\u8a62\u65e5\u8a8c\uff0c\u4ee5\u8a18\u9304\u6240\u6709\u57f7\u884c\u7684\u67e5\u8a62\uff1a<\/li>\n<pre><code>[mysqld]\n    general_log = 1\n    general_log_file = '\/var\/log\/mysql\/mysql.log'<\/code><\/pre>\n<li><strong>\u4f7f\u7528\u76e3\u63a7\u5de5\u5177\uff1a<\/strong>\u7528\u6236\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u7b2c\u4e09\u65b9\u76e3\u63a7\u5de5\u5177\uff0c\u5982Prometheus\u548cGrafana\uff0c\u4f86\u5be6\u6642\u76e3\u63a7\u6578\u64da\u5eab\u7684\u6027\u80fd\u548c\u5b89\u5168\u6027\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2 id=\"%e7%b8%bd%e7%b5%90-nsohVomMCr\">\u7e3d\u7d50<\/h2>\n<p>\u5728MySQL\u6578\u64da\u5eab\u4e2d\u5be6\u65bd\u5b89\u5168\u89e3\u6c7a\u65b9\u6848\u662f\u4fdd\u8b77\u6578\u64da\u7684\u95dc\u9375\u3002\u901a\u904e\u7528\u6236\u6b0a\u9650\u7ba1\u7406\u3001\u6578\u64da\u52a0\u5bc6\u3001\u5b9a\u671f\u5099\u4efd\u4ee5\u53ca\u76e3\u63a7\u548c\u65e5\u8a8c\u8a18\u9304\uff0c\u7528\u6236\u53ef\u4ee5\u986f\u8457\u63d0\u9ad8\u6578\u64da\u5eab\u7684\u5b89\u5168\u6027\u3002\u5c0d\u65bc\u9700\u8981\u9ad8\u6548\u80fd\u548c\u5b89\u5168\u6027\u7684\u7528\u6236\uff0c\u9078\u64c7\u5408\u9069\u7684<a href=\"https:\/\/server.hk\">VPS<\/a>\u6216<a href=\"https:\/\/server.hk\">\u9999\u6e2f\u4f3a\u670d\u5668<\/a>\u89e3\u6c7a\u65b9\u6848\u4e5f\u662f\u81f3\u95dc\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u3002\u4e86\u89e3\u66f4\u591a\u95dc\u65bc\u6578\u64da\u5eab\u5b89\u5168\u7684\u8cc7\u8a0a\uff0c\u8acb\u8a2a\u554f\u6211\u5011\u7684\u7db2\u7ad9\u3002<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u63a2\u7d22MySQL\u6578\u64da\u5eab\u4e2d\u7684\u5b89\u5168\u89e3\u6c7a\u65b9\u6848\uff0c\u4fdd\u8b77\u6578\u64da\u5b8c\u6574\u6027\u3001\u96b1\u79c1\u548c\u9632\u6b62\u672a\u6388\u6b0a\u8a2a\u554f\u7684\u6700\u4f73\u5be6\u8e10\u3002<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":0,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[101],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-76716","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-database"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/server.hk\/cnblog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/76716","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/server.hk\/cnblog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/server.hk\/cnblog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/server.hk\/cnblog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=76716"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/server.hk\/cnblog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/76716\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":76717,"href":"https:\/\/server.hk\/cnblog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/76716\/revisions\/76717"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/server.hk\/cnblog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=76716"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/server.hk\/cnblog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=76716"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/server.hk\/cnblog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=76716"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}