{"id":76104,"date":"2024-10-16T03:53:17","date_gmt":"2024-10-15T19:53:17","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/server.hk\/cnblog\/76104\/"},"modified":"2024-10-16T03:53:17","modified_gmt":"2024-10-15T19:53:17","slug":"mysql%e6%85%a2%e6%9f%a5%e8%a9%a2%e7%9a%842%e7%a8%ae%e5%88%86%e6%9e%90%e6%96%b9%e6%a1%88","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/server.hk\/cnblog\/76104\/","title":{"rendered":"MySQL\u6162\u67e5\u8a62\u76842\u7a2e\u5206\u6790\u65b9\u6848"},"content":{"rendered":"<h1 id=\"mysql%e6%85%a2%e6%9f%a5%e8%a9%a2%e7%9a%842%e7%a8%ae%e5%88%86%e6%9e%90%e6%96%b9%e6%a1%88-kqRTTfEEBV\">MySQL\u6162\u67e5\u8a62\u76842\u7a2e\u5206\u6790\u65b9\u6848<\/h1>\n<p>\u5728\u6578\u64da\u5eab\u7ba1\u7406\u4e2d\uff0cMySQL\u7684\u6027\u80fd\u512a\u5316\u662f\u4e00\u500b\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u8ab2\u984c\u3002\u7279\u5225\u662f\u7576\u67e5\u8a62\u901f\u5ea6\u8b8a\u6162\u6642\uff0c\u9019\u4e0d\u50c5\u5f71\u97ff\u61c9\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\u7684\u97ff\u61c9\u6642\u9593\uff0c\u9084\u53ef\u80fd\u5f71\u97ff\u7528\u6236\u9ad4\u9a57\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u4e86\u89e3\u5982\u4f55\u5206\u6790\u548c\u512a\u5316\u6162\u67e5\u8a62\u662f\u6bcf\u4f4d\u958b\u767c\u8005\u548c\u6578\u64da\u5eab\u7ba1\u7406\u54e1\u5fc5\u9808\u638c\u63e1\u7684\u6280\u80fd\u3002\u672c\u6587\u5c07\u4ecb\u7d39\u5169\u7a2e\u6709\u6548\u7684MySQL\u6162\u67e5\u8a62\u5206\u6790\u65b9\u6848\u3002<\/p>\n<h2 id=\"%e4%bb%80%e9%ba%bc%e6%98%af%e6%85%a2%e6%9f%a5%e8%a9%a2%ef%bc%9f-kqRTTfEEBV\">\u4ec0\u9ebc\u662f\u6162\u67e5\u8a62\uff1f<\/h2>\n<p>\u6162\u67e5\u8a62\u662f\u6307\u57f7\u884c\u6642\u9593\u8d85\u904e\u9810\u8a2d\u95be\u503c\u7684\u67e5\u8a62\u3002MySQL\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u4e00\u500b\u6162\u67e5\u8a62\u65e5\u8a8c\u529f\u80fd\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u8a18\u9304\u9019\u4e9b\u67e5\u8a62\uff0c\u5e6b\u52a9\u958b\u767c\u8005\u8b58\u5225\u6027\u80fd\u74f6\u9838\u3002\u901a\u904e\u5206\u6790\u9019\u4e9b\u67e5\u8a62\uff0c\u958b\u767c\u8005\u53ef\u4ee5\u627e\u5230\u512a\u5316\u7684\u65b9\u5411\u3002<\/p>\n<h2 id=\"%e6%96%b9%e6%a1%88%e4%b8%80%ef%bc%9a%e4%bd%bf%e7%94%a8%e6%85%a2%e6%9f%a5%e8%a9%a2%e6%97%a5%e8%aa%8c-kqRTTfEEBV\">\u65b9\u6848\u4e00\uff1a\u4f7f\u7528\u6162\u67e5\u8a62\u65e5\u8a8c<\/h2>\n<p>MySQL\u7684\u6162\u67e5\u8a62\u65e5\u8a8c\u662f\u4e00\u500b\u5f37\u5927\u7684\u5de5\u5177\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u5e6b\u52a9\u958b\u767c\u8005\u8ffd\u8e64\u548c\u5206\u6790\u6162\u67e5\u8a62\u3002\u4ee5\u4e0b\u662f\u5982\u4f55\u555f\u7528\u548c\u4f7f\u7528\u6162\u67e5\u8a62\u65e5\u8a8c\u7684\u6b65\u9a5f\uff1a<\/p>\n<h3 id=\"1-%e5%95%9f%e7%94%a8%e6%85%a2%e6%9f%a5%e8%a9%a2%e6%97%a5%e8%aa%8c-kqRTTfEEBV\">1. \u555f\u7528\u6162\u67e5\u8a62\u65e5\u8a8c<\/h3>\n<pre><code>SET GLOBAL slow_query_log = 'ON';\nSET GLOBAL long_query_time = 1;  -- \u8a2d\u5b9a\u67e5\u8a62\u6642\u9593\u95be\u503c\u70ba1\u79d2\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\u4e0a\u8ff0\u547d\u4ee4\u5c07\u555f\u7528\u6162\u67e5\u8a62\u65e5\u8a8c\uff0c\u4e26\u5c07\u67e5\u8a62\u6642\u9593\u95be\u503c\u8a2d\u7f6e\u70ba1\u79d2\u3002\u9019\u610f\u5473\u8457\u6240\u6709\u57f7\u884c\u6642\u9593\u8d85\u904e1\u79d2\u7684\u67e5\u8a62\u90fd\u5c07\u88ab\u8a18\u9304\u3002<\/p>\n<h3 id=\"2-%e6%9f%a5%e7%9c%8b%e6%85%a2%e6%9f%a5%e8%a9%a2%e6%97%a5%e8%aa%8c-kqRTTfEEBV\">2. \u67e5\u770b\u6162\u67e5\u8a62\u65e5\u8a8c<\/h3>\n<p>\u6162\u67e5\u8a62\u65e5\u8a8c\u7684\u9ed8\u8a8d\u4f4d\u7f6e\u901a\u5e38\u5728MySQL\u6578\u64da\u76ee\u9304\u4e0b\uff0c\u6587\u4ef6\u540d\u70ba\u201cmysql-slow.log\u201d\u3002\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u4ee5\u4e0b\u547d\u4ee4\u67e5\u770b\u65e5\u8a8c\u5167\u5bb9\uff1a<\/p>\n<pre><code>cat \/var\/log\/mysql\/mysql-slow.log\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<h3 id=\"3-%e5%88%86%e6%9e%90%e6%85%a2%e6%9f%a5%e8%a9%a2-kqRTTfEEBV\">3. \u5206\u6790\u6162\u67e5\u8a62<\/h3>\n<p>\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u5de5\u5177\u5982 <a href=\"https:\/\/www.percona.com\/software\/database-tools\/pt-query-digest\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\">pt-query-digest<\/a> \u4f86\u5206\u6790\u6162\u67e5\u8a62\u65e5\u8a8c\u3002\u9019\u500b\u5de5\u5177\u53ef\u4ee5\u5e6b\u52a9\u4f60\u751f\u6210\u5831\u544a\uff0c\u986f\u793a\u6700\u8017\u6642\u7684\u67e5\u8a62\u548c\u5b83\u5011\u7684\u57f7\u884c\u983b\u7387\u3002<\/p>\n<h2 id=\"%e6%96%b9%e6%a1%88%e4%ba%8c%ef%bc%9a%e4%bd%bf%e7%94%a8explain%e5%91%bd%e4%bb%a4-kqRTTfEEBV\">\u65b9\u6848\u4e8c\uff1a\u4f7f\u7528EXPLAIN\u547d\u4ee4<\/h2>\n<p>\u53e6\u4e00\u7a2e\u5206\u6790\u6162\u67e5\u8a62\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u662f\u4f7f\u7528MySQL\u7684EXPLAIN\u547d\u4ee4\u3002\u9019\u500b\u547d\u4ee4\u53ef\u4ee5\u5e6b\u52a9\u958b\u767c\u8005\u4e86\u89e3\u67e5\u8a62\u7684\u57f7\u884c\u8a08\u5283\uff0c\u5f9e\u800c\u627e\u51fa\u6f5b\u5728\u7684\u6027\u80fd\u554f\u984c\u3002<\/p>\n<h3 id=\"1-%e4%bd%bf%e7%94%a8explain%e5%91%bd%e4%bb%a4-kqRTTfEEBV\">1. \u4f7f\u7528EXPLAIN\u547d\u4ee4<\/h3>\n<p>\u5728\u57f7\u884c\u67e5\u8a62\u4e4b\u524d\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728\u67e5\u8a62\u524d\u52a0\u4e0aEXPLAIN\u95dc\u9375\u5b57\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\uff1a<\/p>\n<pre><code>EXPLAIN SELECT * FROM users WHERE age &gt; 30;\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\u9019\u5c07\u8fd4\u56de\u4e00\u500b\u8868\u683c\uff0c\u986f\u793aMySQL\u5982\u4f55\u57f7\u884c\u9019\u500b\u67e5\u8a62\uff0c\u5305\u62ec\u4f7f\u7528\u7684\u7d22\u5f15\u3001\u884c\u6578\u4f30\u7b97\u7b49\u4fe1\u606f\u3002<\/p>\n<h3 id=\"2-%e5%88%86%e6%9e%90explain%e8%bc%b8%e5%87%ba-kqRTTfEEBV\">2. \u5206\u6790EXPLAIN\u8f38\u51fa<\/h3>\n<p>EXPLAIN\u7684\u8f38\u51fa\u5305\u542b\u591a\u500b\u6b04\u4f4d\uff0c\u4ee5\u4e0b\u662f\u4e00\u4e9b\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u6b04\u4f4d\u53ca\u5176\u610f\u7fa9\uff1a<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>id\uff1a<\/strong>\u67e5\u8a62\u7684\u552f\u4e00\u6a19\u8b58\u7b26\u3002<\/li>\n<li><strong>select_type\uff1a<\/strong>\u67e5\u8a62\u7684\u985e\u578b\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\u7c21\u55ae\u67e5\u8a62\u6216\u806f\u63a5\u67e5\u8a62\u3002<\/li>\n<li><strong>table\uff1a<\/strong>\u67e5\u8a62\u6d89\u53ca\u7684\u8868\u3002<\/li>\n<li><strong>type\uff1a<\/strong>\u806f\u63a5\u985e\u578b\uff0c\u986f\u793a\u67e5\u8a62\u7684\u6548\u7387\u3002<\/li>\n<li><strong>possible_keys\uff1a<\/strong>\u53ef\u80fd\u4f7f\u7528\u7684\u7d22\u5f15\u3002<\/li>\n<li><strong>key\uff1a<\/strong>\u5be6\u969b\u4f7f\u7528\u7684\u7d22\u5f15\u3002<\/li>\n<li><strong>rows\uff1a<\/strong>\u4f30\u7b97\u9700\u8981\u6383\u63cf\u7684\u884c\u6578\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\u901a\u904e\u5206\u6790\u9019\u4e9b\u4fe1\u606f\uff0c\u958b\u767c\u8005\u53ef\u4ee5\u627e\u51fa\u67e5\u8a62\u7684\u74f6\u9838\uff0c\u4e26\u9032\u884c\u76f8\u61c9\u7684\u512a\u5316\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\u6dfb\u52a0\u7d22\u5f15\u6216\u91cd\u69cb\u67e5\u8a62\u3002<\/p>\n<h2 id=\"%e7%b8%bd%e7%b5%90-kqRTTfEEBV\">\u7e3d\u7d50<\/h2>\n<p>MySQL\u7684\u6162\u67e5\u8a62\u5206\u6790\u662f\u63d0\u5347\u6578\u64da\u5eab\u6027\u80fd\u7684\u91cd\u8981\u6b65\u9a5f\u3002\u901a\u904e\u555f\u7528\u6162\u67e5\u8a62\u65e5\u8a8c\u548c\u4f7f\u7528EXPLAIN\u547d\u4ee4\uff0c\u958b\u767c\u8005\u53ef\u4ee5\u6709\u6548\u5730\u8b58\u5225\u548c\u512a\u5316\u6027\u80fd\u74f6\u9838\u3002\u9019\u4e0d\u50c5\u80fd\u63d0\u9ad8\u67e5\u8a62\u901f\u5ea6\uff0c\u9084\u80fd\u6539\u5584\u6574\u9ad4\u7528\u6236\u9ad4\u9a57\u3002\u82e5\u60a8\u9700\u8981\u66f4\u9ad8\u6548\u7684\u6578\u64da\u5eab\u89e3\u6c7a\u65b9\u6848\uff0c\u8003\u616e\u4f7f\u7528<a href=\"https:\/\/server.hk\">\u9999\u6e2fVPS<\/a>\u6216<a href=\"https:\/\/server.hk\">\u4e91\u670d\u52a1\u5668<\/a>\u4f86\u652f\u6301\u60a8\u7684\u61c9\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\uff0c\u78ba\u4fdd\u7a69\u5b9a\u6027\u548c\u6027\u80fd\u3002<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u63a2\u7d22MySQL\u6162\u67e5\u8a62\u7684\u5169\u7a2e\u5206\u6790\u65b9\u6848\uff0c\u63d0\u5347\u6578\u64da\u5eab\u6027\u80fd\uff0c\u512a\u5316\u67e5\u8a62\u6548\u7387\uff0c\u78ba\u4fdd\u7cfb\u7d71\u7a69\u5b9a\u904b\u884c\u3002<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":0,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[101],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-76104","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-database"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/server.hk\/cnblog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/76104","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/server.hk\/cnblog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/server.hk\/cnblog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/server.hk\/cnblog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=76104"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/server.hk\/cnblog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/76104\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":76105,"href":"https:\/\/server.hk\/cnblog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/76104\/revisions\/76105"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/server.hk\/cnblog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=76104"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/server.hk\/cnblog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=76104"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/server.hk\/cnblog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=76104"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}