{"id":63848,"date":"2024-10-14T02:59:16","date_gmt":"2024-10-13T18:59:16","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/server.hk\/cnblog\/63848\/"},"modified":"2024-10-14T02:59:16","modified_gmt":"2024-10-13T18:59:16","slug":"mongodb%e8%a1%93%e8%aa%9e-%e4%b8%bb%e8%a6%81%e7%9a%84","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/server.hk\/cnblog\/63848\/","title":{"rendered":"MongoDB\u8853\u8a9e &#8211; \u4e3b\u8981\u7684"},"content":{"rendered":"<h1 id=\"mongodb%e8%a1%93%e8%aa%9e-%e4%b8%bb%e8%a6%81%e7%9a%84-GXqsCKucZA\">MongoDB\u8853\u8a9e &#8211; \u4e3b\u8981\u7684<\/h1>\n<p>MongoDB\u662f\u4e00\u7a2e\u6d41\u884c\u7684NoSQL\u6578\u64da\u5eab\uff0c\u56e0\u5176\u9748\u6d3b\u6027\u548c\u53ef\u64f4\u5c55\u6027\u800c\u53d7\u5230\u5ee3\u6cdb\u4f7f\u7528\u3002\u5c0d\u65bc\u958b\u767c\u8005\u548c\u6578\u64da\u5eab\u7ba1\u7406\u54e1\u4f86\u8aaa\uff0c\u4e86\u89e3MongoDB\u7684\u57fa\u672c\u8853\u8a9e\u662f\u975e\u5e38\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u3002\u672c\u6587\u5c07\u4ecb\u7d39\u4e00\u4e9b\u4e3b\u8981\u7684MongoDB\u8853\u8a9e\uff0c\u5e6b\u52a9\u8b80\u8005\u66f4\u597d\u5730\u7406\u89e3\u9019\u500b\u6578\u64da\u5eab\u7cfb\u7d71\u3002<\/p>\n<h2 id=\"1-%e6%96%87%e6%aa%94%ef%bc%88document%ef%bc%89-GXqsCKucZA\">1. \u6587\u6a94\uff08Document\uff09<\/h2>\n<p>\u5728MongoDB\u4e2d\uff0c\u6578\u64da\u4ee5\u6587\u6a94\u7684\u5f62\u5f0f\u5b58\u5132\u3002\u6587\u6a94\u662f\u7531\u9375\u503c\u5c0d\u7d44\u6210\u7684\u6578\u64da\u7d50\u69cb\uff0c\u901a\u5e38\u4f7f\u7528JSON\u683c\u5f0f\u8868\u793a\u3002\u9019\u7a2e\u7d50\u69cb\u4f7f\u5f97\u6578\u64da\u7684\u5b58\u5132\u548c\u6aa2\u7d22\u8b8a\u5f97\u9748\u6d3b\u4e14\u9ad8\u6548\u3002<\/p>\n<pre><code>{\n    \"name\": \"Alice\",\n    \"age\": 30,\n    \"city\": \"Hong Kong\"\n}<\/code><\/pre>\n<h2 id=\"2-%e9%9b%86%e5%90%88%ef%bc%88collection%ef%bc%89-GXqsCKucZA\">2. \u96c6\u5408\uff08Collection\uff09<\/h2>\n<p>\u96c6\u5408\u662fMongoDB\u4e2d\u5b58\u5132\u6587\u6a94\u7684\u5bb9\u5668\u3002\u6bcf\u500b\u96c6\u5408\u53ef\u4ee5\u5305\u542b\u591a\u500b\u6587\u6a94\uff0c\u4e26\u4e14\u4e0d\u9700\u8981\u9075\u5faa\u56fa\u5b9a\u7684\u7d50\u69cb\u3002\u9019\u610f\u5473\u8457\u540c\u4e00\u96c6\u5408\u4e2d\u7684\u6587\u6a94\u53ef\u4ee5\u6709\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u5b57\u6bb5\u548c\u6578\u64da\u985e\u578b\u3002<\/p>\n<h2 id=\"3-%e6%95%b8%e6%93%9a%e5%ba%ab%ef%bc%88database%ef%bc%89-GXqsCKucZA\">3. \u6578\u64da\u5eab\uff08Database\uff09<\/h2>\n<p>\u6578\u64da\u5eab\u662fMongoDB\u7684\u6700\u9ad8\u5c64\u7d1a\u7d50\u69cb\uff0c\u5305\u542b\u591a\u500b\u96c6\u5408\u3002\u6bcf\u500bMongoDB\u5be6\u4f8b\u53ef\u4ee5\u64c1\u6709\u591a\u500b\u6578\u64da\u5eab\uff0c\u4e26\u4e14\u6bcf\u500b\u6578\u64da\u5eab\u53ef\u4ee5\u5305\u542b\u591a\u500b\u96c6\u5408\u3002<\/p>\n<h2 id=\"4-%e9%8d%b5%ef%bc%88key%ef%bc%89%e5%92%8c%e5%80%bc%ef%bc%88value%ef%bc%89-GXqsCKucZA\">4. \u9375\uff08Key\uff09\u548c\u503c\uff08Value\uff09<\/h2>\n<p>\u5728MongoDB\u7684\u6587\u6a94\u4e2d\uff0c\u9375\u662f\u7528\u4f86\u6a19\u8b58\u6578\u64da\u7684\u540d\u7a31\uff0c\u800c\u503c\u5247\u662f\u8207\u8a72\u9375\u76f8\u95dc\u806f\u7684\u6578\u64da\u3002\u9019\u7a2e\u9375\u503c\u5c0d\u7684\u7d50\u69cb\u4f7f\u5f97\u6578\u64da\u7684\u67e5\u8a62\u548c\u66f4\u65b0\u8b8a\u5f97\u7c21\u55ae\u3002<\/p>\n<h2 id=\"5-%e6%9f%a5%e8%a9%a2%ef%bc%88query%ef%bc%89-GXqsCKucZA\">5. \u67e5\u8a62\uff08Query\uff09<\/h2>\n<p>\u67e5\u8a62\u662f\u7528\u4f86\u6aa2\u7d22\u6578\u64da\u7684\u64cd\u4f5c\u3002MongoDB\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u5f37\u5927\u7684\u67e5\u8a62\u8a9e\u8a00\uff0c\u5141\u8a31\u7528\u6236\u6839\u64da\u7279\u5b9a\u689d\u4ef6\u6aa2\u7d22\u6587\u6a94\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u4ee5\u4e0b\u67e5\u8a62\u5c07\u6aa2\u7d22\u6240\u6709\u5e74\u9f61\u5927\u65bc25\u7684\u7528\u6236\uff1a<\/p>\n<pre><code>db.users.find({ age: { $gt: 25 } })<\/code><\/pre>\n<h2 id=\"6-%e7%b4%a2%e5%bc%95%ef%bc%88index%ef%bc%89-GXqsCKucZA\">6. \u7d22\u5f15\uff08Index\uff09<\/h2>\n<p>\u7d22\u5f15\u662f\u7528\u4f86\u52a0\u901f\u67e5\u8a62\u64cd\u4f5c\u7684\u6578\u64da\u7d50\u69cb\u3002MongoDB\u652f\u6301\u591a\u7a2e\u7d22\u5f15\u985e\u578b\uff0c\u5305\u62ec\u55ae\u5b57\u6bb5\u7d22\u5f15\u548c\u8907\u5408\u7d22\u5f15\u3002\u4f7f\u7528\u7d22\u5f15\u53ef\u4ee5\u986f\u8457\u63d0\u9ad8\u67e5\u8a62\u6027\u80fd\u3002<\/p>\n<h2 id=\"7-%e8%81%9a%e5%90%88%ef%bc%88aggregation%ef%bc%89-GXqsCKucZA\">7. \u805a\u5408\uff08Aggregation\uff09<\/h2>\n<p>\u805a\u5408\u662f\u7528\u4f86\u8655\u7406\u6578\u64da\u4e26\u8fd4\u56de\u8a08\u7b97\u7d50\u679c\u7684\u64cd\u4f5c\u3002MongoDB\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u591a\u7a2e\u805a\u5408\u7ba1\u9053\u64cd\u4f5c\u7b26\uff0c\u5141\u8a31\u7528\u6236\u9032\u884c\u6578\u64da\u7684\u5206\u7d44\u3001\u904e\u6ffe\u548c\u6392\u5e8f\u7b49\u64cd\u4f5c\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u4ee5\u4e0b\u805a\u5408\u67e5\u8a62\u5c07\u8a08\u7b97\u6bcf\u500b\u57ce\u5e02\u7684\u7528\u6236\u6578\u91cf\uff1a<\/p>\n<pre><code>db.users.aggregate([\n    { $group: { _id: \"$city\", count: { $sum: 1 } } }\n])<\/code><\/pre>\n<h2 id=\"8-%e5%89%af%e6%9c%ac%e9%9b%86%ef%bc%88replica-set%ef%bc%89-GXqsCKucZA\">8. \u526f\u672c\u96c6\uff08Replica Set\uff09<\/h2>\n<p>\u526f\u672c\u96c6\u662fMongoDB\u7684\u4e00\u7a2e\u9ad8\u53ef\u7528\u6027\u89e3\u6c7a\u65b9\u6848\u3002\u5b83\u7531\u591a\u500bMongoDB\u5be6\u4f8b\u7d44\u6210\uff0c\u5176\u4e2d\u4e00\u500b\u5be6\u4f8b\u662f\u4e3b\u7bc0\u9ede\uff0c\u5176\u4ed6\u5be6\u4f8b\u662f\u5f9e\u7bc0\u9ede\u3002\u4e3b\u7bc0\u9ede\u8ca0\u8cac\u8655\u7406\u6240\u6709\u5beb\u5165\u64cd\u4f5c\uff0c\u800c\u5f9e\u7bc0\u9ede\u5247\u7528\u65bc\u8b80\u53d6\u64cd\u4f5c\u548c\u6578\u64da\u5099\u4efd\u3002<\/p>\n<h2 id=\"9-%e5%88%86%e7%89%87%ef%bc%88sharding%ef%bc%89-GXqsCKucZA\">9. \u5206\u7247\uff08Sharding\uff09<\/h2>\n<p>\u5206\u7247\u662fMongoDB\u7684\u4e00\u7a2e\u6c34\u5e73\u64f4\u5c55\u6280\u8853\uff0c\u5141\u8a31\u7528\u6236\u5c07\u6578\u64da\u5206\u6563\u5230\u591a\u500b\u4f3a\u670d\u5668\u4e0a\u3002\u9019\u6a23\u53ef\u4ee5\u63d0\u9ad8\u6578\u64da\u7684\u5b58\u5132\u80fd\u529b\u548c\u67e5\u8a62\u6027\u80fd\uff0c\u7279\u5225\u662f\u5728\u8655\u7406\u5927\u91cf\u6578\u64da\u6642\u3002<\/p>\n<h2 id=\"10-%e9%a9%85%e5%8b%95%e7%a8%8b%e5%ba%8f%ef%bc%88driver%ef%bc%89-GXqsCKucZA\">10. \u9a45\u52d5\u7a0b\u5e8f\uff08Driver\uff09<\/h2>\n<p>\u9a45\u52d5\u7a0b\u5e8f\u662f\u7528\u65bc\u8207MongoDB\u9032\u884c\u4ea4\u4e92\u7684\u5eab\u6216\u6846\u67b6\u3002MongoDB\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u591a\u7a2e\u8a9e\u8a00\u7684\u9a45\u52d5\u7a0b\u5e8f\uff0c\u5305\u62ecJava\u3001Python\u3001Node.js\u7b49\uff0c\u65b9\u4fbf\u958b\u767c\u8005\u5728\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u74b0\u5883\u4e2d\u4f7f\u7528MongoDB\u3002<\/p>\n<h2 id=\"%e7%b8%bd%e7%b5%90-GXqsCKucZA\">\u7e3d\u7d50<\/h2>\n<p>\u4e86\u89e3MongoDB\u7684\u57fa\u672c\u8853\u8a9e\u5c0d\u65bc\u958b\u767c\u8005\u548c\u6578\u64da\u5eab\u7ba1\u7406\u54e1\u4f86\u8aaa\u81f3\u95dc\u91cd\u8981\u3002\u9019\u4e9b\u8853\u8a9e\u4e0d\u50c5\u5e6b\u52a9\u7528\u6236\u66f4\u597d\u5730\u7406\u89e3MongoDB\u7684\u904b\u4f5c\u65b9\u5f0f\uff0c\u9084\u80fd\u63d0\u9ad8\u4ed6\u5011\u5728\u4f7f\u7528\u904e\u7a0b\u4e2d\u7684\u6548\u7387\u3002\u5982\u679c\u60a8\u6b63\u5728\u5c0b\u627e\u53ef\u9760\u7684 <a href=\"https:\/\/server.hk\">VPS<\/a> \u89e3\u6c7a\u65b9\u6848\u4f86\u904b\u884c\u60a8\u7684MongoDB\u6578\u64da\u5eab\uff0cServer.HK\u63d0\u4f9b\u591a\u7a2e\u9078\u64c7\uff0c\u6eff\u8db3\u4e0d\u540c\u9700\u6c42\u7684\u7528\u6236\u3002<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u63a2\u7d22MongoDB\u7684\u4e3b\u8981\u8853\u8a9e\uff0c\u4e86\u89e3\u6578\u64da\u5eab\u7ba1\u7406\u3001\u67e5\u8a62\u8a9e\u8a00\u53ca\u5176\u67b6\u69cb\uff0c\u52a9\u4f60\u638c\u63e1\u9019\u4e00\u5f37\u5927\u5de5\u5177\u7684\u6838\u5fc3\u6982\u5ff5\u3002<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":0,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[101],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-63848","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-database"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/server.hk\/cnblog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/63848","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/server.hk\/cnblog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/server.hk\/cnblog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/server.hk\/cnblog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=63848"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/server.hk\/cnblog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/63848\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":63849,"href":"https:\/\/server.hk\/cnblog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/63848\/revisions\/63849"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/server.hk\/cnblog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=63848"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/server.hk\/cnblog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=63848"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/server.hk\/cnblog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=63848"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}