{"id":63746,"date":"2024-10-14T02:08:19","date_gmt":"2024-10-13T18:08:19","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/server.hk\/cnblog\/63746\/"},"modified":"2024-10-14T02:08:19","modified_gmt":"2024-10-13T18:08:19","slug":"mongodb%e8%a1%93%e8%aa%9e-%e8%a7%a3%e9%87%8b%e8%a8%88%e5%8a%83","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/server.hk\/cnblog\/63746\/","title":{"rendered":"MongoDB\u8853\u8a9e – \u89e3\u91cb\u8a08\u5283"},"content":{"rendered":"

MongoDB\u8853\u8a9e – \u89e3\u91cb\u8a08\u5283<\/h1>\n

\u5728\u7576\u4eca\u7684\u6578\u64da\u9a45\u52d5\u4e16\u754c\u4e2d\uff0cMongoDB\u4f5c\u70ba\u4e00\u7a2e\u6d41\u884c\u7684NoSQL\u6578\u64da\u5eab\uff0c\u5df2\u7d93\u6210\u70ba\u8a31\u591a\u958b\u767c\u8005\u548c\u4f01\u696d\u7684\u9996\u9078\u3002\u5b83\u7684\u9748\u6d3b\u6027\u548c\u53ef\u64f4\u5c55\u6027\u4f7f\u5176\u5728\u8655\u7406\u5927\u91cf\u975e\u7d50\u69cb\u5316\u6578\u64da\u6642\u8868\u73fe\u51fa\u8272\u3002\u7136\u800c\uff0c\u5c0d\u65bc\u521d\u5b78\u8005\u4f86\u8aaa\uff0cMongoDB\u7684\u8853\u8a9e\u548c\u6982\u5ff5\u53ef\u80fd\u6703\u611f\u5230\u56f0\u60d1\u3002\u672c\u6587\u5c07\u6df1\u5165\u63a2\u8a0eMongoDB\u7684\u4e00\u4e9b\u57fa\u672c\u8853\u8a9e\uff0c\u5e6b\u52a9\u8b80\u8005\u66f4\u597d\u5730\u7406\u89e3\u9019\u500b\u5f37\u5927\u7684\u6578\u64da\u5eab\u7cfb\u7d71\u3002<\/p>\n

1. \u6587\u6a94\uff08Document\uff09<\/h2>\n

\u5728MongoDB\u4e2d\uff0c\u6578\u64da\u4ee5\u6587\u6a94\u7684\u5f62\u5f0f\u5b58\u5132\u3002\u6bcf\u500b\u6587\u6a94\u90fd\u662f\u4e00\u500b\u985e\u4f3cJSON\u7684\u7d50\u69cb\uff0c\u7a31\u70baBSON\uff08Binary JSON\uff09\u3002\u9019\u7a2e\u683c\u5f0f\u5141\u8a31\u5b58\u5132\u8907\u96dc\u7684\u6578\u64da\u7d50\u69cb\uff0c\u5305\u62ec\u5d4c\u5957\u7684\u6578\u7d44\u548c\u5c0d\u8c61\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff1a<\/p>\n

{\n  \"name\": \"Alice\",\n  \"age\": 30,\n  \"skills\": [\"JavaScript\", \"MongoDB\"],\n  \"address\": {\n    \"city\": \"Hong Kong\",\n    \"postalCode\": \"100000\"\n  }\n}<\/code><\/pre>\n
2. \u96c6\u5408\uff08Collection\uff09<\/h2>\n
\u96c6\u5408\u662fMongoDB\u4e2d\u5b58\u5132\u6587\u6a94\u7684\u5bb9\u5668\u3002\u6bcf\u500b\u96c6\u5408\u53ef\u4ee5\u5305\u542b\u591a\u500b\u6587\u6a94\uff0c\u4e26\u4e14\u4e0d\u9700\u8981\u4e8b\u5148\u5b9a\u7fa9\u7d50\u69cb\u3002\u9019\u4f7f\u5f97MongoDB\u5728\u8655\u7406\u4e0d\u540c\u985e\u578b\u7684\u6578\u64da\u6642\u975e\u5e38\u9748\u6d3b\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728\u540c\u4e00\u96c6\u5408\u4e2d\u5b58\u5132\u7528\u6236\u4fe1\u606f\u548c\u7522\u54c1\u4fe1\u606f\uff0c\u800c\u4e0d\u9700\u8981\u7d71\u4e00\u7684\u6578\u64da\u6a21\u578b\u3002<\/p>\n
3. \u6578\u64da\u5eab\uff08Database\uff09<\/h2>\n
\u6578\u64da\u5eab\u662fMongoDB\u7684\u6700\u9ad8\u5c64\u7d1a\u7d50\u69cb\uff0c\u6bcf\u500b\u6578\u64da\u5eab\u53ef\u4ee5\u5305\u542b\u591a\u500b\u96c6\u5408\u3002MongoDB\u5141\u8a31\u5728\u540c\u4e00\u5be6\u4f8b\u4e2d\u5275\u5efa\u591a\u500b\u6578\u64da\u5eab\uff0c\u9019\u4f7f\u5f97\u7528\u6236\u53ef\u4ee5\u6839\u64da\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u61c9\u7528\u9700\u6c42\u9032\u884c\u6578\u64da\u7684\u7d44\u7e54\u548c\u7ba1\u7406\u3002<\/p>\n
4. \u67e5\u8a62\uff08Query\uff09<\/h2>\n
MongoDB\u4f7f\u7528\u4e00\u7a2e\u7279\u5b9a\u7684\u67e5\u8a62\u8a9e\u8a00\u4f86\u6aa2\u7d22\u548c\u64cd\u4f5c\u6578\u64da\u3002\u67e5\u8a62\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u591a\u7a2e\u689d\u4ef6\u9032\u884c\u904e\u6ffe\uff0c\u4e26\u4e14\u652f\u6301\u8907\u96dc\u7684\u67e5\u8a62\u64cd\u4f5c\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u4ee5\u4e0b\u67e5\u8a62\u5c07\u6aa2\u7d22\u6240\u6709\u5e74\u9f61\u5927\u65bc25\u7684\u7528\u6236\uff1a<\/p>\n
db.users.find({ age: { $gt: 25 } })<\/code><\/pre>\n
5. \u7d22\u5f15\uff08Index\uff09<\/h2>\n
\u7d22\u5f15\u662f\u7528\u65bc\u63d0\u9ad8\u67e5\u8a62\u6027\u80fd\u7684\u6578\u64da\u7d50\u69cb\u3002MongoDB\u652f\u6301\u591a\u7a2e\u7d22\u5f15\u985e\u578b\uff0c\u5305\u62ec\u55ae\u5b57\u6bb5\u7d22\u5f15\u3001\u8907\u5408\u7d22\u5f15\u548c\u5730\u7406\u7a7a\u9593\u7d22\u5f15\u3002\u5275\u5efa\u7d22\u5f15\u53ef\u4ee5\u986f\u8457\u63d0\u9ad8\u67e5\u8a62\u901f\u5ea6\uff0c\u4f46\u4e5f\u6703\u589e\u52a0\u5beb\u5165\u64cd\u4f5c\u7684\u958b\u92b7\u3002<\/p>\n
6. \u805a\u5408\uff08Aggregation\uff09<\/h2>\n
\u805a\u5408\u662fMongoDB\u4e2d\u7528\u65bc\u8655\u7406\u548c\u5206\u6790\u6578\u64da\u7684\u5f37\u5927\u529f\u80fd\u3002\u5b83\u5141\u8a31\u7528\u6236\u5c0d\u6578\u64da\u9032\u884c\u5206\u7d44\u3001\u8a08\u7b97\u548c\u8f49\u63db\u3002MongoDB\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u591a\u7a2e\u805a\u5408\u7ba1\u9053\u64cd\u4f5c\u7b26\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982$group\u3001$match\u548c$sort\uff0c\u9019\u4e9b\u64cd\u4f5c\u7b26\u53ef\u4ee5\u7d44\u5408\u4f7f\u7528\u4ee5\u5be6\u73fe\u8907\u96dc\u7684\u6578\u64da\u5206\u6790\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff1a<\/p>\n
db.orders.aggregate([\n  { $match: { status: \"completed\" } },\n  { $group: { _id: \"$customerId\", total: { $sum: \"$amount\" } } }\n])<\/code><\/pre>\n
7. \u5275\u5efa\u548c\u66f4\u65b0\u6587\u6a94<\/h2>\n
\u5728MongoDB\u4e2d\uff0c\u5275\u5efa\u548c\u66f4\u65b0\u6587\u6a94\u975e\u5e38\u7c21\u55ae\u3002\u4f7f\u7528insertOne()\u65b9\u6cd5\u53ef\u4ee5\u5275\u5efa\u65b0\u6587\u6a94\uff0c\u800c\u4f7f\u7528updateOne()\u6216updateMany()\u65b9\u6cd5\u53ef\u4ee5\u66f4\u65b0\u73fe\u6709\u6587\u6a94\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff1a<\/p>\n
db.users.insertOne({ name: \"Bob\", age: 25 });\ndb.users.updateOne({ name: \"Bob\" }, { $set: { age: 26 } });<\/code><\/pre>\n
\u7e3d\u7d50<\/h2>\n
\u4e86\u89e3MongoDB\u7684\u57fa\u672c\u8853\u8a9e\u5c0d\u65bc\u958b\u767c\u8005\u548c\u6578\u64da\u7ba1\u7406\u8005\u4f86\u8aaa\u81f3\u95dc\u91cd\u8981\u3002\u901a\u904e\u638c\u63e1\u6587\u6a94\u3001\u96c6\u5408\u3001\u6578\u64da\u5eab\u3001\u67e5\u8a62\u3001\u7d22\u5f15\u3001\u805a\u5408\u4ee5\u53ca\u6587\u6a94\u7684\u5275\u5efa\u548c\u66f4\u65b0\u7b49\u6982\u5ff5\uff0c\u4f7f\u7528\u8005\u53ef\u4ee5\u66f4\u6709\u6548\u5730\u5229\u7528MongoDB\u9032\u884c\u6578\u64da\u7ba1\u7406\u3002\u5982\u679c\u60a8\u6b63\u5728\u5c0b\u627e\u9ad8\u6548\u7684\u6578\u64da\u5b58\u5132\u89e3\u6c7a\u65b9\u6848\uff0c\u8003\u616e\u4f7f\u7528\u9999\u6e2fVPS<\/a>\u4f86\u90e8\u7f72\u60a8\u7684MongoDB\u6578\u64da\u5eab\uff0c\u4eab\u53d7\u9748\u6d3b\u6027\u548c\u53ef\u64f4\u5c55\u6027\u5e36\u4f86\u7684\u512a\u52e2\u3002<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
\u4e86\u89e3MongoDB\u8853\u8a9e\u53ca\u5176\u89e3\u91cb\uff0c\u6df1\u5165\u638c\u63e1\u6578\u64da\u5eab\u64cd\u4f5c\u8207\u6700\u4f73\u5be6\u8e10\uff0c\u63d0\u5347\u60a8\u7684\u958b\u767c\u6280\u80fd\u8207\u6548\u7387\u3002<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":0,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[101],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-63746","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-database"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/server.hk\/cnblog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/63746","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/server.hk\/cnblog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/server.hk\/cnblog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/server.hk\/cnblog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=63746"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/server.hk\/cnblog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/63746\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":63747,"href":"https:\/\/server.hk\/cnblog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/63746\/revisions\/63747"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/server.hk\/cnblog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=63746"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/server.hk\/cnblog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=63746"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/server.hk\/cnblog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=63746"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}