{"id":63726,"date":"2024-10-14T01:58:16","date_gmt":"2024-10-13T17:58:16","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/server.hk\/cnblog\/63726\/"},"modified":"2024-10-14T01:58:16","modified_gmt":"2024-10-13T17:58:16","slug":"mongodb%e8%a1%93%e8%aa%9e-%e8%a6%86%e8%93%8b%e6%9f%a5%e8%a9%a2","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/server.hk\/cnblog\/63726\/","title":{"rendered":"MongoDB\u8853\u8a9e &#8211; \u8986\u84cb\u67e5\u8a62"},"content":{"rendered":"<h1 id=\"mongodb%e8%a1%93%e8%aa%9e-%e8%a6%86%e8%93%8b%e6%9f%a5%e8%a9%a2-UEQUoMasLH\">MongoDB\u8853\u8a9e &#8211; \u8986\u84cb\u67e5\u8a62<\/h1>\n<p>\u5728\u7576\u4eca\u7684\u6578\u64da\u9a45\u52d5\u4e16\u754c\u4e2d\uff0cMongoDB\u4f5c\u70ba\u4e00\u7a2e\u6d41\u884c\u7684NoSQL\u6578\u64da\u5eab\uff0c\u56e0\u5176\u9748\u6d3b\u6027\u548c\u53ef\u64f4\u5c55\u6027\u800c\u53d7\u5230\u5ee3\u6cdb\u4f7f\u7528\u3002\u672c\u6587\u5c07\u6df1\u5165\u63a2\u8a0eMongoDB\u4e2d\u7684\u4e00\u500b\u91cd\u8981\u6982\u5ff5\u2014\u2014\u8986\u84cb\u67e5\u8a62\uff08Covered Query\uff09\uff0c\u4e26\u89e3\u91cb\u5176\u5de5\u4f5c\u539f\u7406\u53ca\u512a\u52e2\u3002<\/p>\n<h2 id=\"%e4%bb%80%e9%ba%bc%e6%98%af%e8%a6%86%e8%93%8b%e6%9f%a5%e8%a9%a2%ef%bc%9f-UEQUoMasLH\">\u4ec0\u9ebc\u662f\u8986\u84cb\u67e5\u8a62\uff1f<\/h2>\n<p>\u8986\u84cb\u67e5\u8a62\u662f\u6307MongoDB\u80fd\u5920\u50c5\u901a\u904e\u7d22\u5f15\u4f86\u6eff\u8db3\u67e5\u8a62\u7684\u60c5\u6cc1\uff0c\u800c\u4e0d\u9700\u8981\u8a2a\u554f\u5be6\u969b\u7684\u6587\u6a94\u3002\u9019\u610f\u5473\u8457\u67e5\u8a62\u7684\u6240\u6709\u5b57\u6bb5\u90fd\u53ef\u4ee5\u5f9e\u7d22\u5f15\u4e2d\u7372\u53d6\uff0c\u5f9e\u800c\u63d0\u9ad8\u67e5\u8a62\u6027\u80fd\uff0c\u6e1b\u5c11I\/O\u64cd\u4f5c\u3002<\/p>\n<h2 id=\"%e8%a6%86%e8%93%8b%e6%9f%a5%e8%a9%a2%e7%9a%84%e5%b7%a5%e4%bd%9c%e5%8e%9f%e7%90%86-UEQUoMasLH\">\u8986\u84cb\u67e5\u8a62\u7684\u5de5\u4f5c\u539f\u7406<\/h2>\n<p>\u5728MongoDB\u4e2d\uff0c\u7576\u57f7\u884c\u67e5\u8a62\u6642\uff0c\u6578\u64da\u5eab\u6703\u6aa2\u67e5\u662f\u5426\u5b58\u5728\u5408\u9069\u7684\u7d22\u5f15\u3002\u5982\u679c\u67e5\u8a62\u7684\u5b57\u6bb5\u90fd\u5728\u7d22\u5f15\u4e2d\uff0cMongoDB\u5c07\u76f4\u63a5\u5f9e\u7d22\u5f15\u4e2d\u8fd4\u56de\u7d50\u679c\uff0c\u800c\u4e0d\u9700\u8981\u67e5\u627e\u539f\u59cb\u6587\u6a94\u3002\u9019\u6a23\u7684\u67e5\u8a62\u88ab\u7a31\u70ba\u8986\u84cb\u67e5\u8a62\u3002<\/p>\n<h3 id=\"%e8%a6%86%e8%93%8b%e6%9f%a5%e8%a9%a2%e7%9a%84%e6%a2%9d%e4%bb%b6-UEQUoMasLH\">\u8986\u84cb\u67e5\u8a62\u7684\u689d\u4ef6<\/h3>\n<p>\u8981\u5be6\u73fe\u8986\u84cb\u67e5\u8a62\uff0c\u5fc5\u9808\u6eff\u8db3\u4ee5\u4e0b\u689d\u4ef6\uff1a<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\u67e5\u8a62\u7684\u6240\u6709\u5b57\u6bb5\u5fc5\u9808\u5728\u7d22\u5f15\u4e2d\u3002<\/li>\n<li>\u67e5\u8a62\u7684\u8fd4\u56de\u5b57\u6bb5\u5fc5\u9808\u662f\u7d22\u5f15\u4e2d\u7684\u5b57\u6bb5\u3002<\/li>\n<li>\u67e5\u8a62\u7684\u689d\u4ef6\u5fc5\u9808\u80fd\u5920\u5229\u7528\u7d22\u5f15\u9032\u884c\u904e\u6ffe\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2 id=\"%e8%a6%86%e8%93%8b%e6%9f%a5%e8%a9%a2%e7%9a%84%e5%84%aa%e5%8b%a2-UEQUoMasLH\">\u8986\u84cb\u67e5\u8a62\u7684\u512a\u52e2<\/h2>\n<p>\u8986\u84cb\u67e5\u8a62\u7684\u4e3b\u8981\u512a\u52e2\u5305\u62ec\uff1a<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>\u6027\u80fd\u63d0\u5347\uff1a<\/strong>\u7531\u65bc\u4e0d\u9700\u8981\u8a2a\u554f\u539f\u59cb\u6587\u6a94\uff0c\u8986\u84cb\u67e5\u8a62\u53ef\u4ee5\u986f\u8457\u6e1b\u5c11\u67e5\u8a62\u7684\u5ef6\u9072\u3002<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u6e1b\u5c11I\/O\u64cd\u4f5c\uff1a<\/strong>\u8986\u84cb\u67e5\u8a62\u50c5\u9700\u8b80\u53d6\u7d22\u5f15\uff0c\u9019\u6a23\u53ef\u4ee5\u6e1b\u5c11\u78c1\u789fI\/O\uff0c\u5f9e\u800c\u63d0\u9ad8\u6574\u9ad4\u6027\u80fd\u3002<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u66f4\u9ad8\u7684\u6548\u7387\uff1a<\/strong>\u5728\u8655\u7406\u5927\u91cf\u6578\u64da\u6642\uff0c\u8986\u84cb\u67e5\u8a62\u80fd\u5920\u66f4\u6709\u6548\u5730\u5229\u7528\u7cfb\u7d71\u8cc7\u6e90\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2 id=\"%e5%a6%82%e4%bd%95%e5%af%a6%e7%8f%be%e8%a6%86%e8%93%8b%e6%9f%a5%e8%a9%a2-UEQUoMasLH\">\u5982\u4f55\u5be6\u73fe\u8986\u84cb\u67e5\u8a62<\/h2>\n<p>\u8981\u5be6\u73fe\u8986\u84cb\u67e5\u8a62\uff0c\u9996\u5148\u9700\u8981\u5275\u5efa\u5408\u9069\u7684\u7d22\u5f15\u3002\u4ee5\u4e0b\u662f\u4e00\u500b\u7c21\u55ae\u7684\u793a\u4f8b\uff1a<\/p>\n<pre><code>\n\/\/ \u5047\u8a2d\u6211\u5011\u6709\u4e00\u500b\u540d\u70ba \"users\" \u7684\u96c6\u5408\ndb.users.createIndex({ name: 1, age: 1 }) \/\/ \u5275\u5efa\u4e00\u500b\u8986\u84cb\u67e5\u8a62\u6240\u9700\u7684\u7d22\u5f15\n\n\/\/ \u57f7\u884c\u8986\u84cb\u67e5\u8a62\ndb.users.find({ name: \"Alice\" }, { name: 1, age: 1 })\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\u5728\u9019\u500b\u4f8b\u5b50\u4e2d\uff0c\u6211\u5011\u5275\u5efa\u4e86\u4e00\u500b\u5305\u542b &#8220;name&#8221; 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