{"id":63706,"date":"2024-10-14T01:47:17","date_gmt":"2024-10-13T17:47:17","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/server.hk\/cnblog\/63706\/"},"modified":"2024-10-14T01:47:17","modified_gmt":"2024-10-13T17:47:17","slug":"mongodb%e8%a1%93%e8%aa%9e-%e8%ae%80%e5%8f%96%e9%97%9c%e6%b3%a8","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/server.hk\/cnblog\/63706\/","title":{"rendered":"MongoDB\u8853\u8a9e &#8211; \u8b80\u53d6\u95dc\u6ce8"},"content":{"rendered":"<h1 id=\"mongodb%e8%a1%93%e8%aa%9e-%e8%ae%80%e5%8f%96%e9%97%9c%e6%b3%a8-PskWmkeKRn\">MongoDB\u8853\u8a9e &#8211; \u8b80\u53d6\u95dc\u6ce8<\/h1>\n<p>\u5728\u7576\u4eca\u7684\u6578\u64da\u9a45\u52d5\u4e16\u754c\u4e2d\uff0cMongoDB\u4f5c\u70ba\u4e00\u7a2e\u6d41\u884c\u7684NoSQL\u6578\u64da\u5eab\uff0c\u8d8a\u4f86\u8d8a\u53d7\u5230\u958b\u767c\u8005\u548c\u4f01\u696d\u7684\u9752\u775e\u3002\u5176\u9748\u6d3b\u7684\u6578\u64da\u6a21\u578b\u548c\u9ad8\u6548\u7684\u67e5\u8a62\u80fd\u529b\u4f7f\u5176\u6210\u70ba\u8655\u7406\u5927\u898f\u6a21\u6578\u64da\u7684\u7406\u60f3\u9078\u64c7\u3002\u672c\u6587\u5c07\u6df1\u5165\u63a2\u8a0eMongoDB\u4e2d\u7684\u4e00\u4e9b\u95dc\u9375\u8853\u8a9e\uff0c\u7279\u5225\u662f\u8207\u8b80\u53d6\u64cd\u4f5c\u76f8\u95dc\u7684\u6982\u5ff5\uff0c\u5e6b\u52a9\u8b80\u8005\u66f4\u597d\u5730\u7406\u89e3\u9019\u4e00\u5f37\u5927\u7684\u6578\u64da\u5eab\u7cfb\u7d71\u3002<\/p>\n<h2 id=\"mongodb%e7%9a%84%e5%9f%ba%e6%9c%ac%e6%a6%82%e5%bf%b5-PskWmkeKRn\">MongoDB\u7684\u57fa\u672c\u6982\u5ff5<\/h2>\n<p>MongoDB\u662f\u4e00\u7a2e\u6587\u6a94\u5c0e\u5411\u7684\u6578\u64da\u5eab\uff0c\u6578\u64da\u4ee5BSON\uff08\u985e\u4f3cJSON\u7684\u683c\u5f0f\uff09\u5b58\u5132\u3002\u9019\u7a2e\u7d50\u69cb\u4f7f\u5f97\u6578\u64da\u7684\u8b80\u53d6\u548c\u5beb\u5165\u64cd\u4f5c\u90fd\u975e\u5e38\u9748\u6d3b\u3002\u4ee5\u4e0b\u662f\u4e00\u4e9b\u8207\u8b80\u53d6\u64cd\u4f5c\u76f8\u95dc\u7684\u57fa\u672c\u8853\u8a9e\uff1a<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>\u6587\u6a94\uff08Document\uff09<\/strong>\uff1aMongoDB\u4e2d\u7684\u57fa\u672c\u6578\u64da\u55ae\u4f4d\uff0c\u985e\u4f3c\u65bc\u95dc\u4fc2\u578b\u6578\u64da\u5eab\u4e2d\u7684\u884c\u3002\u6bcf\u500b\u6587\u6a94\u90fd\u662f\u4e00\u500bBSON\u5c0d\u8c61\uff0c\u5305\u542b\u9375\u503c\u5c0d\u3002<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u96c6\u5408\uff08Collection\uff09<\/strong>\uff1a\u4e00\u7d44\u6587\u6a94\u7684\u96c6\u5408\uff0c\u985e\u4f3c\u65bc\u95dc\u4fc2\u578b\u6578\u64da\u5eab\u4e2d\u7684\u8868\u3002\u96c6\u5408\u4e0d\u9700\u8981\u4e8b\u5148\u5b9a\u7fa9\u7d50\u69cb\uff0c\u9019\u4f7f\u5f97\u6578\u64da\u7684\u9748\u6d3b\u6027\u5927\u5927\u63d0\u9ad8\u3002<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u6578\u64da\u5eab\uff08Database\uff09<\/strong>\uff1aMongoDB\u4e2d\u7684\u6578\u64da\u5eab\u53ef\u4ee5\u5305\u542b\u591a\u500b\u96c6\u5408\uff0c\u4e26\u4e14\u6bcf\u500b\u6578\u64da\u5eab\u90fd\u662f\u7368\u7acb\u7684\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2 id=\"%e8%ae%80%e5%8f%96%e6%93%8d%e4%bd%9c%e7%9a%84%e9%a1%9e%e5%9e%8b-PskWmkeKRn\">\u8b80\u53d6\u64cd\u4f5c\u7684\u985e\u578b<\/h2>\n<p>\u5728MongoDB\u4e2d\uff0c\u8b80\u53d6\u64cd\u4f5c\u4e3b\u8981\u6709\u4ee5\u4e0b\u5e7e\u7a2e\uff1a<\/p>\n<h3 id=\"1-%e6%9f%a5%e8%a9%a2%ef%bc%88query%ef%bc%89-PskWmkeKRn\">1. \u67e5\u8a62\uff08Query\uff09<\/h3>\n<p>\u67e5\u8a62\u662f\u5f9e\u96c6\u5408\u4e2d\u6aa2\u7d22\u6587\u6a94\u7684\u904e\u7a0b\u3002MongoDB\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u5f37\u5927\u7684\u67e5\u8a62\u8a9e\u8a00\uff0c\u652f\u6301\u591a\u7a2e\u67e5\u8a62\u689d\u4ef6\u3002\u4ee5\u4e0b\u662f\u4e00\u500b\u7c21\u55ae\u7684\u67e5\u8a62\u793a\u4f8b\uff1a<\/p>\n<pre><code>db.users.find({ age: { $gt: 18 } })<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\u9019\u500b\u67e5\u8a62\u5c07\u8fd4\u56de\u6240\u6709\u5e74\u9f61\u5927\u65bc18\u7684\u7528\u6236\u6587\u6a94\u3002<\/p>\n<h3 id=\"2-%e6%8a%95%e5%bd%b1%ef%bc%88projection%ef%bc%89-PskWmkeKRn\">2. \u6295\u5f71\uff08Projection\uff09<\/h3>\n<p>\u6295\u5f71\u662f\u6307\u5728\u67e5\u8a62\u4e2d\u6307\u5b9a\u8981\u8fd4\u56de\u7684\u5b57\u6bb5\u3002\u9019\u6a23\u53ef\u4ee5\u6e1b\u5c11\u6578\u64da\u50b3\u8f38\u91cf\uff0c\u63d0\u9ad8\u6027\u80fd\u3002\u4ee5\u4e0b\u662f\u6295\u5f71\u7684\u793a\u4f8b\uff1a<\/p>\n<pre><code>db.users.find({ age: { $gt: 18 } }, { name: 1, email: 1 })<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\u9019\u500b\u67e5\u8a62\u5c07\u53ea\u8fd4\u56de\u5e74\u9f61\u5927\u65bc18\u7684\u7528\u6236\u7684\u59d3\u540d\u548c\u96fb\u5b50\u90f5\u4ef6\u5730\u5740\u3002<\/p>\n<h3 id=\"3-%e6%8e%92%e5%ba%8f%ef%bc%88sorting%ef%bc%89-PskWmkeKRn\">3. \u6392\u5e8f\uff08Sorting\uff09<\/h3>\n<p>MongoDB\u652f\u6301\u5c0d\u67e5\u8a62\u7d50\u679c\u9032\u884c\u6392\u5e8f\u3002\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528sort()\u65b9\u6cd5\u4f86\u6307\u5b9a\u6392\u5e8f\u7684\u5b57\u6bb5\u548c\u9806\u5e8f\u3002\u4ee5\u4e0b\u662f\u6392\u5e8f\u7684\u793a\u4f8b\uff1a<\/p>\n<pre><code>db.users.find().sort({ age: 1 })<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\u9019\u500b\u67e5\u8a62\u5c07\u8fd4\u56de\u6240\u6709\u7528\u6236\uff0c\u4e26\u6309\u5e74\u9f61\u5347\u5e8f\u6392\u5217\u3002<\/p>\n<h2 id=\"%e8%ae%80%e5%8f%96%e9%97%9c%e6%b3%a8%e7%9a%84%e6%80%a7%e8%83%bd%e8%80%83%e9%87%8f-PskWmkeKRn\">\u8b80\u53d6\u95dc\u6ce8\u7684\u6027\u80fd\u8003\u91cf<\/h2>\n<p>\u5728\u9032\u884c\u8b80\u53d6\u64cd\u4f5c\u6642\uff0c\u6027\u80fd\u662f\u975e\u5e38\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u8003\u91cf\u56e0\u7d20\u3002\u4ee5\u4e0b\u662f\u4e00\u4e9b\u63d0\u9ad8MongoDB\u8b80\u53d6\u6027\u80fd\u7684\u5efa\u8b70\uff1a<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>\u7d22\u5f15\uff08Index\uff09<\/strong>\uff1a\u70ba\u67e5\u8a62\u4e2d\u7d93\u5e38\u4f7f\u7528\u7684\u5b57\u6bb5\u5275\u5efa\u7d22\u5f15\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u986f\u8457\u63d0\u9ad8\u67e5\u8a62\u901f\u5ea6\u3002<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u805a\u5408\uff08Aggregation\uff09<\/strong>\uff1a\u4f7f\u7528\u805a\u5408\u7ba1\u9053\u4f86\u8655\u7406\u548c\u8f49\u63db\u6578\u64da\uff0c\u9019\u6a23\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728\u6578\u64da\u5eab\u5c64\u9762\u4e0a\u9032\u884c\u8a08\u7b97\uff0c\u6e1b\u5c11\u61c9\u7528\u5c64\u7684\u8ca0\u64d4\u3002<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u5206\u7247\uff08Sharding\uff09<\/strong>\uff1a\u5c0d\u65bc\u5927\u898f\u6a21\u6578\u64da\u96c6\uff0c\u4f7f\u7528\u5206\u7247\u6280\u8853\u53ef\u4ee5\u5c07\u6578\u64da\u5206\u6563\u5230\u591a\u500b\u4f3a\u670d\u5668\u4e0a\uff0c\u5f9e\u800c\u63d0\u9ad8\u8b80\u53d6\u6027\u80fd\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2 id=\"%e7%b5%90%e8%ab%96-PskWmkeKRn\">\u7d50\u8ad6<\/h2>\n<p>MongoDB\u4f5c\u70ba\u4e00\u7a2e\u9748\u6d3b\u4e14\u9ad8\u6548\u7684NoSQL\u6578\u64da\u5eab\uff0c\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u591a\u7a2e\u8b80\u53d6\u64cd\u4f5c\u548c\u512a\u5316\u7b56\u7565\u3002\u7406\u89e3\u9019\u4e9b\u8853\u8a9e\u548c\u6982\u5ff5\u5c0d\u65bc\u958b\u767c\u8005\u4f86\u8aaa\u81f3\u95dc\u91cd\u8981\uff0c\u80fd\u5920\u5e6b\u52a9\u4ed6\u5011\u66f4\u597d\u5730\u5229\u7528MongoDB\u7684\u7279\u6027\u4f86\u69cb\u5efa\u9ad8\u6548\u7684\u61c9\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\u3002\u82e5\u60a8\u5c0d\u65bc\u5982\u4f55\u5728\u9999\u6e2f\u7684\u74b0\u5883\u4e2d\u90e8\u7f72MongoDB\u6216\u5176\u4ed6\u6578\u64da\u5eab\u89e3\u6c7a\u65b9\u6848\u611f\u8208\u8da3\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u8003\u616e\u4f7f\u7528<a href=\"https:\/\/server.hk\">\u9999\u6e2fVPS<\/a>\u670d\u52d9\uff0c\u4ee5\u7372\u5f97\u66f4\u597d\u7684\u6027\u80fd\u548c\u7a69\u5b9a\u6027\u3002<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u4e86\u89e3MongoDB\u8853\u8a9e\u4e2d\u7684\u8b80\u53d6\u95dc\u6ce8\uff0c\u63a2\u7d22\u5176\u5c0d\u6578\u64da\u4e00\u81f4\u6027\u548c\u6027\u80fd\u7684\u5f71\u97ff\uff0c\u63d0\u5347\u6578\u64da\u7ba1\u7406\u6548\u7387\u3002<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":0,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[101],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-63706","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-database"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/server.hk\/cnblog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/63706","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/server.hk\/cnblog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/server.hk\/cnblog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/server.hk\/cnblog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=63706"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/server.hk\/cnblog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/63706\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":63707,"href":"https:\/\/server.hk\/cnblog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/63706\/revisions\/63707"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/server.hk\/cnblog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=63706"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/server.hk\/cnblog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=63706"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/server.hk\/cnblog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=63706"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}