{"id":57279,"date":"2024-10-10T18:28:14","date_gmt":"2024-10-10T10:28:14","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/server.hk\/cnblog\/57279\/"},"modified":"2024-10-10T18:28:14","modified_gmt":"2024-10-10T10:28:14","slug":"nginx-%e5%ae%89%e5%85%a8%e7%ad%96%e7%95%a5%ef%bc%9a%e5%b0%8d%e5%be%8c%e7%ab%af%e9%80%a3%e6%8e%a5%e4%bd%bf%e7%94%a8%e5%ae%89%e5%85%a8%e5%8d%94%e8%ad%b0","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/server.hk\/cnblog\/57279\/","title":{"rendered":"Nginx \u5b89\u5168\u7b56\u7565\uff1a\u5c0d\u5f8c\u7aef\u9023\u63a5\u4f7f\u7528\u5b89\u5168\u5354\u8b70"},"content":{"rendered":"<h1 id=\"nginx-%e5%ae%89%e5%85%a8%e7%ad%96%e7%95%a5%ef%bc%9a%e5%b0%8d%e5%be%8c%e7%ab%af%e9%80%a3%e6%8e%a5%e4%bd%bf%e7%94%a8%e5%ae%89%e5%85%a8%e5%8d%94%e8%ad%b0-XVXmfoXiib\">Nginx \u5b89\u5168\u7b56\u7565\uff1a\u5c0d\u5f8c\u7aef\u9023\u63a5\u4f7f\u7528\u5b89\u5168\u5354\u8b70<\/h1>\n<p>Nginx \u4f5c\u70ba\u4e00\u500b\u9ad8\u6548\u80fd\u7684\u7db2\u9801\u4f3a\u670d\u5668\u548c\u53cd\u5411\u4ee3\u7406\u4f3a\u670d\u5668\uff0c\u5ee3\u6cdb\u61c9\u7528\u65bc\u5404\u7a2e\u7db2\u7ad9\u548c\u61c9\u7528\u7a0b\u5f0f\u4e2d\u3002\u96a8\u8457\u7db2\u8def\u5b89\u5168\u5a01\u8105\u7684\u589e\u52a0\uff0c\u78ba\u4fdd\u5f8c\u7aef\u9023\u63a5\u7684\u5b89\u5168\u6027\u8b8a\u5f97\u5c24\u70ba\u91cd\u8981\u3002\u672c\u6587\u5c07\u63a2\u8a0e\u5982\u4f55\u5728 Nginx \u4e2d\u5be6\u65bd\u5b89\u5168\u7b56\u7565\uff0c\u4ee5\u4fdd\u8b77\u5f8c\u7aef\u9023\u63a5\uff0c\u4e26\u4f7f\u7528\u5b89\u5168\u5354\u8b70\u4f86\u52a0\u5f37\u6574\u9ad4\u7cfb\u7d71\u7684\u5b89\u5168\u6027\u3002<\/p>\n<h2 id=\"%e7%82%ba%e4%bb%80%e9%ba%bc%e9%9c%80%e8%a6%81%e5%ae%89%e5%85%a8%e7%9a%84%e5%be%8c%e7%ab%af%e9%80%a3%e6%8e%a5%ef%bc%9f-XVXmfoXiib\">\u70ba\u4ec0\u9ebc\u9700\u8981\u5b89\u5168\u7684\u5f8c\u7aef\u9023\u63a5\uff1f<\/h2>\n<p>\u5f8c\u7aef\u9023\u63a5\u901a\u5e38\u6d89\u53ca\u4f3a\u670d\u5668\u4e4b\u9593\u7684\u6578\u64da\u50b3\u8f38\uff0c\u9019\u4e9b\u6578\u64da\u53ef\u80fd\u5305\u542b\u654f\u611f\u4fe1\u606f\uff0c\u5982\u7528\u6236\u6191\u8b49\u3001\u500b\u4eba\u8cc7\u6599\u7b49\u3002\u5982\u679c\u9019\u4e9b\u6578\u64da\u5728\u50b3\u8f38\u904e\u7a0b\u4e2d\u88ab\u6514\u622a\uff0c\u5c07\u6703\u5c0d\u7528\u6236\u548c\u4f01\u696d\u9020\u6210\u56b4\u91cd\u640d\u5bb3\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u4f7f\u7528\u5b89\u5168\u5354\u8b70\u4f86\u52a0\u5bc6\u9019\u4e9b\u9023\u63a5\u662f\u81f3\u95dc\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u3002<\/p>\n<h2 id=\"%e4%bd%bf%e7%94%a8-ssl-tls-%e5%8a%a0%e5%af%86%e5%be%8c%e7%ab%af%e9%80%a3%e6%8e%a5-XVXmfoXiib\">\u4f7f\u7528 SSL\/TLS \u52a0\u5bc6\u5f8c\u7aef\u9023\u63a5<\/h2>\n<p>SSL\uff08\u5b89\u5168\u5957\u63a5\u5c64\uff09\u548c TLS\uff08\u50b3\u8f38\u5c64\u5b89\u5168\u6027\uff09\u662f\u76ee\u524d\u6700\u5e38\u7528\u7684\u5b89\u5168\u5354\u8b70\u3002\u5b83\u5011\u901a\u904e\u52a0\u5bc6\u6578\u64da\u4f86\u4fdd\u8b77\u4fe1\u606f\u7684\u5b89\u5168\u6027\u3002\u5728 Nginx \u4e2d\u914d\u7f6e SSL\/TLS \u4ee5\u4fdd\u8b77\u5f8c\u7aef\u9023\u63a5\u7684\u57fa\u672c\u6b65\u9a5f\u5982\u4e0b\uff1a<\/p>\n<h3 id=\"1-%e7%8d%b2%e5%8f%96-ssl-%e8%ad%89%e6%9b%b8-XVXmfoXiib\">1. \u7372\u53d6 SSL \u8b49\u66f8<\/h3>\n<p>\u9996\u5148\uff0c\u60a8\u9700\u8981\u7372\u53d6\u4e00\u500b\u6709\u6548\u7684 SSL \u8b49\u66f8\u3002\u9019\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u904e\u8a31\u591a\u8b49\u66f8\u9812\u767c\u6a5f\u69cb\uff08CA\uff09\u4f86\u5b8c\u6210\u3002\u60a8\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528 Let&#8217;s Encrypt \u63d0\u4f9b\u7684\u514d\u8cbb\u8b49\u66f8\u3002<\/p>\n<h3 id=\"2-%e9%85%8d%e7%bd%ae-nginx-XVXmfoXiib\">2. \u914d\u7f6e Nginx<\/h3>\n<p>\u5728\u7372\u53d6\u8b49\u66f8\u5f8c\uff0c\u60a8\u9700\u8981\u5728 Nginx \u914d\u7f6e\u6587\u4ef6\u4e2d\u9032\u884c\u76f8\u61c9\u7684\u8a2d\u7f6e\u3002\u4ee5\u4e0b\u662f\u4e00\u500b\u57fa\u672c\u7684\u914d\u7f6e\u7bc4\u4f8b\uff1a<\/p>\n<pre><code>server {\n    listen 443 ssl;\n    server_name yourdomain.com;\n\n    ssl_certificate \/path\/to\/your\/certificate.crt;\n    ssl_certificate_key \/path\/to\/your\/private.key;\n\n    location \/ {\n        proxy_pass http:\/\/backend_server;\n        proxy_set_header Host $host;\n        proxy_set_header X-Real-IP $remote_addr;\n        proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-For $proxy_add_x_forwarded_for;\n        proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-Proto $scheme;\n    }\n}<\/code><\/pre>\n<h3 id=\"3-%e5%bc%b7%e5%8c%96-ssl-%e9%85%8d%e7%bd%ae-XVXmfoXiib\">3. \u5f37\u5316 SSL \u914d\u7f6e<\/h3>\n<p>\u70ba\u4e86\u9032\u4e00\u6b65\u589e\u5f37\u5b89\u5168\u6027\uff0c\u60a8\u53ef\u4ee5\u8003\u616e\u4ee5\u4e0b\u914d\u7f6e\uff1a<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\u7981\u7528\u4e0d\u5b89\u5168\u7684\u5354\u8b70\uff08\u5982 SSLv2 \u548c SSLv3\uff09\uff1a<br \/>\n    <code>ssl_protocols TLSv1.2 TLSv1.3;<\/code><\/li>\n<li>\u4f7f\u7528\u5f37\u52a0\u5bc6\u5957\u4ef6\uff1a<br \/>\n    <code>ssl_ciphers 'HIGH:!aNULL:!MD5';<\/code><\/li>\n<li>\u555f\u7528 HTTP Strict Transport Security (HSTS)\uff1a<br \/>\n    <code>add_header Strict-Transport-Security \"max-age=31536000; includeSubDomains\" always;<\/code><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2 id=\"%e7%9b%a3%e6%8e%a7%e5%92%8c%e6%97%a5%e8%aa%8c%e8%a8%98%e9%8c%84-XVXmfoXiib\">\u76e3\u63a7\u548c\u65e5\u8a8c\u8a18\u9304<\/h2>\n<p>\u9664\u4e86\u914d\u7f6e SSL\/TLS \u5916\uff0c\u76e3\u63a7\u548c\u65e5\u8a8c\u8a18\u9304\u4e5f\u662f\u78ba\u4fdd\u5f8c\u7aef\u9023\u63a5\u5b89\u5168\u7684\u91cd\u8981\u63aa\u65bd\u3002Nginx \u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u5f37\u5927\u7684\u65e5\u8a8c\u529f\u80fd\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u5e6b\u52a9\u60a8\u8ffd\u8e64\u8acb\u6c42\u548c\u932f\u8aa4\u3002\u60a8\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728 Nginx \u914d\u7f6e\u4e2d\u555f\u7528\u65e5\u8a8c\u8a18\u9304\uff1a<\/p>\n<pre><code>http {\n    log_format main '$remote_addr - $remote_user [$time_local] \"$request\" '\n                    '$status $body_bytes_sent \"$http_referer\" '\n                    '\"$http_user_agent\" \"$http_x_forwarded_for\"';\n\n    access_log \/var\/log\/nginx\/access.log main;\n    error_log \/var\/log\/nginx\/error.log;\n}<\/code><\/pre>\n<h2 id=\"%e7%b5%90%e8%ab%96-XVXmfoXiib\">\u7d50\u8ad6<\/h2>\n<p>\u5728\u7576\u4eca\u7684\u7db2\u8def\u74b0\u5883\u4e2d\uff0c\u78ba\u4fdd\u5f8c\u7aef\u9023\u63a5\u7684\u5b89\u5168\u6027\u662f\u6bcf\u500b\u7db2\u7ad9\u548c\u61c9\u7528\u7a0b\u5f0f\u4e0d\u53ef\u6216\u7f3a\u7684\u4e00\u90e8\u5206\u3002\u901a\u904e\u4f7f\u7528 SSL\/TLS \u52a0\u5bc6\u3001\u5f37\u5316\u914d\u7f6e\u4ee5\u53ca\u6709\u6548\u7684\u76e3\u63a7\u548c\u65e5\u8a8c\u8a18\u9304\uff0c\u60a8\u53ef\u4ee5\u986f\u8457\u63d0\u9ad8\u7cfb\u7d71\u7684\u5b89\u5168\u6027\u3002\u5c0d\u65bc\u9700\u8981\u9ad8\u6548\u80fd\u548c\u5b89\u5168\u6027\u7684\u89e3\u6c7a\u65b9\u6848\uff0c\u9078\u64c7\u5408\u9069\u7684 <a href=\"https:\/\/server.hk\">VPS<\/a> \u6216 <a href=\"https:\/\/server.hk\">\u9999\u6e2f\u4f3a\u670d\u5668<\/a> \u662f\u4e00\u500b\u660e\u667a\u7684\u9078\u64c7\u3002\u78ba\u4fdd\u60a8\u7684\u7db2\u7ad9\u548c\u61c9\u7528\u7a0b\u5f0f\u5728\u5b89\u5168\u7684\u74b0\u5883\u4e2d\u904b\u884c\uff0c\u4fdd\u8b77\u7528\u6236\u7684\u6578\u64da\u548c\u96b1\u79c1\u3002<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u63a2\u7d22 Nginx \u5b89\u5168\u7b56\u7565\uff0c\u78ba\u4fdd\u5f8c\u7aef\u9023\u63a5\u4f7f\u7528\u5b89\u5168\u5354\u8b70\uff0c\u63d0\u5347\u7db2\u7ad9\u5b89\u5168\u6027\u8207\u6578\u64da\u4fdd\u8b77\u3002<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[4924],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-57279","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-setup-tutorials"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/server.hk\/cnblog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/57279","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/server.hk\/cnblog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/server.hk\/cnblog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/server.hk\/cnblog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/server.hk\/cnblog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=57279"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/server.hk\/cnblog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/57279\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":57280,"href":"https:\/\/server.hk\/cnblog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/57279\/revisions\/57280"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/server.hk\/cnblog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=57279"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/server.hk\/cnblog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=57279"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/server.hk\/cnblog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=57279"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}