{"id":52527,"date":"2024-10-09T03:23:29","date_gmt":"2024-10-08T19:23:29","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/server.hk\/cnblog\/52527\/"},"modified":"2024-11-14T10:38:34","modified_gmt":"2024-11-14T02:38:34","slug":"%e6%90%ad%e5%bb%ba%e5%9f%ba%e6%96%bc-ubuntu-server-%e7%9a%84-pxe-%e8%87%aa%e5%8b%95%e5%ae%89%e8%a3%9d%e7%92%b0%e5%a2%83%e7%9a%84%e5%af%a6%e7%94%a8%e6%8c%87%e5%8d%97","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/server.hk\/cnblog\/52527\/","title":{"rendered":"\u642d\u5efa\u57fa\u65bc Ubuntu Server \u7684 PXE \u81ea\u52d5\u5b89\u88dd\u74b0\u5883\u7684\u5be6\u7528\u6307\u5357"},"content":{"rendered":"<h1 id=\"%e6%90%ad%e5%bb%ba%e5%9f%ba%e6%96%bc-ubuntu-server-%e7%9a%84-pxe-%e8%87%aa%e5%8b%95%e5%ae%89%e8%a3%9d%e7%92%b0%e5%a2%83%e7%9a%84%e5%af%a6%e7%94%a8%e6%8c%87%e5%8d%97-JxPpzLeNJt\">\u642d\u5efa\u57fa\u65bc Ubuntu Server \u7684 PXE \u81ea\u52d5\u5b89\u88dd\u74b0\u5883\u7684\u5be6\u7528\u6307\u5357<\/h1>\n<p>\u5728\u73fe\u4ee3\u7684 IT \u74b0\u5883\u4e2d\uff0c\u81ea\u52d5\u5316\u5b89\u88dd\u7cfb\u7d71\u662f\u4e00\u500b\u975e\u5e38\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u9700\u6c42\u3002PXE\uff08Preboot Execution Environment\uff09\u662f\u4e00\u7a2e\u7db2\u7d61\u555f\u52d5\u6280\u8853\uff0c\u5141\u8a31\u8a08\u7b97\u6a5f\u901a\u904e\u7db2\u7d61\u4e0b\u8f09\u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7d71\u6620\u50cf\u4e26\u9032\u884c\u5b89\u88dd\u3002\u672c\u6587\u5c07\u4ecb\u7d39\u5982\u4f55\u5728 Ubuntu Server \u4e0a\u642d\u5efa PXE \u81ea\u52d5\u5b89\u88dd\u74b0\u5883\uff0c\u5e6b\u52a9\u7528\u6236\u7c21\u5316\u7cfb\u7d71\u5b89\u88dd\u904e\u7a0b\u3002<\/p>\n<h2 id=\"%e6%ba%96%e5%82%99%e5%b7%a5%e4%bd%9c-JxPpzLeNJt\">\u6e96\u5099\u5de5\u4f5c<\/h2>\n<p>\u5728\u958b\u59cb\u4e4b\u524d\uff0c\u60a8\u9700\u8981\u6e96\u5099\u4ee5\u4e0b\u5e7e\u6a23\u6771\u897f\uff1a<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\u4e00\u53f0\u904b\u884c Ubuntu Server \u7684\u8a08\u7b97\u6a5f\u3002<\/li>\n<li>\u4e00\u500b DHCP \u4f3a\u670d\u5668\uff08\u53ef\u4ee5\u8207 PXE \u4f3a\u670d\u5668\u540c\u4e00\u53f0\u6a5f\u5668\u4e0a\u904b\u884c\uff09\u3002<\/li>\n<li>\u4e00\u500b TFTP \u4f3a\u670d\u5668\u3002<\/li>\n<li>\u4e00\u500b NFS \u6216 HTTP \u4f3a\u670d\u5668\uff0c\u7528\u65bc\u5b58\u653e\u5b89\u88dd\u6620\u50cf\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2 id=\"%e5%ae%89%e8%a3%9d%e5%bf%85%e8%a6%81%e7%9a%84%e8%bb%9f%e4%bb%b6-JxPpzLeNJt\">\u5b89\u88dd\u5fc5\u8981\u7684\u8edf\u4ef6<\/h2>\n<p>\u9996\u5148\uff0c\u60a8\u9700\u8981\u5b89\u88dd DHCP\u3001TFTP \u548c NFS \u4f3a\u670d\u5668\u3002\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u4ee5\u4e0b\u547d\u4ee4\u9032\u884c\u5b89\u88dd\uff1a<\/p>\n<pre><code>sudo apt update\nsudo apt install isc-dhcp-server tftpd-hpa nfs-kernel-server<\/code><\/pre>\n<h2 id=\"%e9%85%8d%e7%bd%ae-dhcp-%e4%bc%ba%e6%9c%8d%e5%99%a8-JxPpzLeNJt\">\u914d\u7f6e DHCP \u4f3a\u670d\u5668<\/h2>\n<p>\u63a5\u4e0b\u4f86\uff0c\u60a8\u9700\u8981\u914d\u7f6e DHCP \u4f3a\u670d\u5668\uff0c\u4ee5\u4fbf\u5b83\u80fd\u5920\u70ba PXE \u5ba2\u6236\u7aef\u63d0\u4f9b IP \u5730\u5740\u548c\u555f\u52d5\u6587\u4ef6\u3002\u7de8\u8f2f DHCP \u914d\u7f6e\u6587\u4ef6\uff1a<\/p>\n<pre><code>sudo nano \/etc\/dhcp\/dhcpd.conf<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\u5728\u6587\u4ef6\u4e2d\u6dfb\u52a0\u4ee5\u4e0b\u5167\u5bb9\uff1a<\/p>\n<pre><code>subnet 192.168.1.0 netmask 255.255.255.0 {\n    range 192.168.1.10 192.168.1.100;\n    option routers 192.168.1.1;\n    option domain-name-servers 8.8.8.8;\n    option broadcast-address 192.168.1.255;\n    option domain-name \"example.com\";\n    next-server 192.168.1.2; # PXE \u4f3a\u670d\u5668\u7684 IP \u5730\u5740\n    filename \"pxelinux.0\"; # TFTP \u4f3a\u670d\u5668\u4e0a\u7684\u555f\u52d5\u6587\u4ef6\n}<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\u4fdd\u5b58\u4e26\u9000\u51fa\u7de8\u8f2f\u5668\uff0c\u7136\u5f8c\u91cd\u555f DHCP \u4f3a\u670d\u5668\uff1a<\/p>\n<pre><code>sudo systemctl restart isc-dhcp-server<\/code><\/pre>\n<h2 id=\"%e9%85%8d%e7%bd%ae-tftp-%e4%bc%ba%e6%9c%8d%e5%99%a8-JxPpzLeNJt\">\u914d\u7f6e TFTP \u4f3a\u670d\u5668<\/h2>\n<p>\u63a5\u4e0b\u4f86\uff0c\u60a8\u9700\u8981\u914d\u7f6e TFTP \u4f3a\u670d\u5668\u3002\u7de8\u8f2f TFTP \u914d\u7f6e\u6587\u4ef6\uff1a<\/p>\n<pre><code>sudo nano \/etc\/default\/tftpd-hpa<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\u78ba\u4fdd\u6587\u4ef6\u5167\u5bb9\u5982\u4e0b\uff1a<\/p>\n<pre><code>TFTP_USERNAME=\"tftp\"\nTFTP_DIRECTORY=\"\/var\/lib\/tftpboot\"\nTFTP_ADDRESS=\"0.0.0.0:69\"\nTFTP_OPTIONS=\"--secure\"<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\u7136\u5f8c\uff0c\u5275\u5efa TFTP \u6839\u76ee\u9304\u4e26\u8a2d\u7f6e\u6b0a\u9650\uff1a<\/p>\n<pre><code>sudo mkdir \/var\/lib\/tftpboot\nsudo chmod -R 777 \/var\/lib\/tftpboot<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\u63a5\u4e0b\u4f86\uff0c\u60a8\u9700\u8981\u4e0b\u8f09 PXE \u555f\u52d5\u6587\u4ef6\u3002\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u4ee5\u4e0b\u547d\u4ee4\uff1a<\/p>\n<pre><code>sudo apt install syslinux\nsudo cp \/usr\/lib\/syslinux\/pxelinux.0 \/var\/lib\/tftpboot\/<\/code><\/pre>\n<h2 id=\"%e9%85%8d%e7%bd%ae-nfs-%e4%bc%ba%e6%9c%8d%e5%99%a8-JxPpzLeNJt\">\u914d\u7f6e NFS \u4f3a\u670d\u5668<\/h2>\n<p>\u5982\u679c\u60a8\u9078\u64c7\u4f7f\u7528 NFS \u4f86\u63d0\u4f9b\u5b89\u88dd\u6620\u50cf\uff0c\u60a8\u9700\u8981\u914d\u7f6e NFS \u4f3a\u670d\u5668\u3002\u9996\u5148\uff0c\u5275\u5efa\u4e00\u500b\u76ee\u9304\u4f86\u5b58\u653e\u5b89\u88dd\u6620\u50cf\uff1a<\/p>\n<pre><code>sudo mkdir -p \/srv\/nfs\/ubuntu<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\u5c07 Ubuntu \u5b89\u88dd\u6620\u50cf\u8907\u88fd\u5230\u8a72\u76ee\u9304\u4e2d\u3002\u7136\u5f8c\u7de8\u8f2f NFS \u914d\u7f6e\u6587\u4ef6\uff1a<\/p>\n<pre><code>sudo nano \/etc\/exports<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\u5728\u6587\u4ef6\u4e2d\u6dfb\u52a0\u4ee5\u4e0b\u5167\u5bb9\uff1a<\/p>\n<pre><code>\/srv\/nfs\/ubuntu *(ro,sync,no_subtree_check)<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\u4fdd\u5b58\u4e26\u9000\u51fa\u7de8\u8f2f\u5668\uff0c\u7136\u5f8c\u91cd\u555f NFS \u4f3a\u670d\u5668\uff1a<\/p>\n<pre><code>sudo exportfs -a\nsudo systemctl restart nfs-kernel-server<\/code><\/pre>\n<h2 id=\"%e5%95%9f%e5%8b%95-pxe-%e5%ae%a2%e6%88%b6%e7%ab%af-JxPpzLeNJt\">\u555f\u52d5 PXE \u5ba2\u6236\u7aef<\/h2>\n<p>\u73fe\u5728\uff0c\u60a8\u5df2\u7d93\u5b8c\u6210\u4e86 PXE \u4f3a\u670d\u5668\u7684\u914d\u7f6e\u3002\u63a5\u4e0b\u4f86\uff0c\u60a8\u53ef\u4ee5\u555f\u52d5 PXE \u5ba2\u6236\u7aef\uff0c\u4e26\u78ba\u4fdd\u5176\u8a2d\u7f6e\u70ba\u5f9e\u7db2\u7d61\u555f\u52d5\u3002\u7576\u5ba2\u6236\u7aef\u555f\u52d5\u6642\uff0c\u5b83\u5c07\u5f9e DHCP \u4f3a\u670d\u5668\u7372\u53d6 IP \u5730\u5740\uff0c\u7136\u5f8c\u5f9e TFTP \u4f3a\u670d\u5668\u4e0b\u8f09\u555f\u52d5\u6587\u4ef6\uff0c\u6700\u7d42\u5f9e NFS \u4f3a\u670d\u5668\u52a0\u8f09\u5b89\u88dd\u6620\u50cf\u3002<\/p>\n<h2 id=\"%e7%b8%bd%e7%b5%90-JxPpzLeNJt\">\u7e3d\u7d50<\/h2>\n<p>\u642d\u5efa\u57fa\u65bc Ubuntu Server \u7684 PXE \u81ea\u52d5\u5b89\u88dd\u74b0\u5883\u53ef\u4ee5\u986f\u8457\u63d0\u9ad8\u7cfb\u7d71\u5b89\u88dd\u7684\u6548\u7387\uff0c\u7279\u5225\u662f\u5728\u9700\u8981\u6279\u91cf\u5b89\u88dd\u7684\u60c5\u6cc1\u4e0b\u3002\u901a\u904e\u4e0a\u8ff0\u6b65\u9a5f\uff0c\u60a8\u53ef\u4ee5\u8f15\u9b06\u8a2d\u7f6e\u4e00\u500b\u529f\u80fd\u5b8c\u5584\u7684 PXE \u74b0\u5883\uff0c\u70ba\u60a8\u7684\u4f3a\u670d\u5668\u7ba1\u7406\u63d0\u4f9b\u4fbf\u5229\u3002\u5982\u679c\u60a8\u9700\u8981\u66f4\u591a\u7684\u4f3a\u670d\u5668\u89e3\u6c7a\u65b9\u6848\uff0c\u8acb\u8a2a\u554f\u6211\u5011\u7684 <a href=\"https:\/\/server.hk\">\u9999\u6e2fVPS<\/a> \u670d\u52d9\u7db2\u7ad9\uff0c\u4e86\u89e3\u66f4\u591a\u4fe1\u606f\u3002<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u642d\u5efa\u57fa\u65bc Ubuntu Server \u7684 PXE \u81ea\u52d5\u5b89\u88dd\u74b0\u5883\u7684\u5be6\u7528\u6307\u5357\uff0c\u8f15\u9b06\u5be6\u73fe\u7121\u9700\u624b\u52d5\u4ecb\u5165\u7684\u7cfb\u7d71\u5b89\u88dd\u3002<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[4924],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-52527","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-setup-tutorials"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/server.hk\/cnblog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/52527","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/server.hk\/cnblog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/server.hk\/cnblog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/server.hk\/cnblog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/server.hk\/cnblog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=52527"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/server.hk\/cnblog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/52527\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":52528,"href":"https:\/\/server.hk\/cnblog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/52527\/revisions\/52528"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/server.hk\/cnblog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=52527"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/server.hk\/cnblog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=52527"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/server.hk\/cnblog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=52527"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}