{"id":50977,"date":"2024-10-08T15:08:25","date_gmt":"2024-10-08T07:08:25","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/server.hk\/cnblog\/50977\/"},"modified":"2024-10-08T15:08:25","modified_gmt":"2024-10-08T07:08:25","slug":"nginx-%e6%96%b0%e6%89%8b%e6%95%99%e7%a8%8b%ef%bc%9a%e5%95%9f%e7%94%a8-http-%e5%9a%b4%e6%a0%bc%e5%82%b3%e8%bc%b8%e5%ae%89%e5%85%a8%ef%bc%88hsts%ef%bc%89","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/server.hk\/cnblog\/50977\/","title":{"rendered":"Nginx \u65b0\u624b\u6559\u7a0b\uff1a\u555f\u7528 HTTP \u56b4\u683c\u50b3\u8f38\u5b89\u5168\uff08HSTS\uff09"},"content":{"rendered":"<h1 id=\"nginx-%e6%96%b0%e6%89%8b%e6%95%99%e7%a8%8b%ef%bc%9a%e5%95%9f%e7%94%a8-http-%e5%9a%b4%e6%a0%bc%e5%82%b3%e8%bc%b8%e5%ae%89%e5%85%a8%ef%bc%88hsts%ef%bc%89-EMfycvGERr\">Nginx \u65b0\u624b\u6559\u7a0b\uff1a\u555f\u7528 HTTP \u56b4\u683c\u50b3\u8f38\u5b89\u5168\uff08HSTS\uff09<\/h1>\n<p>\u5728\u7576\u4eca\u7684\u7db2\u7d61\u74b0\u5883\u4e2d\uff0c\u7db2\u7ad9\u5b89\u5168\u6027\u8b8a\u5f97\u8d8a\u4f86\u8d8a\u91cd\u8981\u3002HTTP \u56b4\u683c\u50b3\u8f38\u5b89\u5168\uff08HSTS\uff09\u662f\u4e00\u7a2e\u7db2\u7d61\u5b89\u5168\u7b56\u7565\uff0c\u65e8\u5728\u9632\u6b62\u4e2d\u9593\u4eba\u653b\u64ca\uff0c\u78ba\u4fdd\u7528\u6236\u8207\u7db2\u7ad9\u4e4b\u9593\u7684\u901a\u4fe1\u662f\u5b89\u5168\u7684\u3002\u672c\u6587\u5c07\u4ecb\u7d39\u5982\u4f55\u5728 Nginx \u4e0a\u555f\u7528 HSTS\uff0c\u5e6b\u52a9\u65b0\u624b\u7528\u6236\u63d0\u5347\u7db2\u7ad9\u7684\u5b89\u5168\u6027\u3002<\/p>\n<h2 id=\"%e4%bb%80%e9%ba%bc%e6%98%af-hsts%ef%bc%9f-EMfycvGERr\">\u4ec0\u9ebc\u662f HSTS\uff1f<\/h2>\n<p>HTTP \u56b4\u683c\u50b3\u8f38\u5b89\u5168\uff08HSTS\uff09\u662f\u4e00\u7a2e\u7db2\u7d61\u5b89\u5168\u6a5f\u5236\uff0c\u901a\u904e\u5f37\u5236\u700f\u89bd\u5668\u50c5\u4f7f\u7528 HTTPS \u5354\u8b70\u4f86\u8a2a\u554f\u7db2\u7ad9\uff0c\u5f9e\u800c\u9632\u6b62\u6f5b\u5728\u7684\u653b\u64ca\u3002\u7576\u7528\u6236\u9996\u6b21\u8a2a\u554f\u652f\u6301 HSTS \u7684\u7db2\u7ad9\u6642\uff0c\u700f\u89bd\u5668\u6703\u6536\u5230\u4e00\u500b HSTS \u97ff\u61c9\u6a19\u982d\uff0c\u544a\u8a34\u5b83\u5728\u672a\u4f86\u7684\u8acb\u6c42\u4e2d\u50c5\u4f7f\u7528 HTTPS\u3002<\/p>\n<h2 id=\"%e7%82%ba%e4%bb%80%e9%ba%bc%e8%a6%81%e5%95%9f%e7%94%a8-hsts%ef%bc%9f-EMfycvGERr\">\u70ba\u4ec0\u9ebc\u8981\u555f\u7528 HSTS\uff1f<\/h2>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>\u589e\u5f37\u5b89\u5168\u6027\uff1a<\/strong>HSTS \u53ef\u4ee5\u6709\u6548\u9632\u6b62\u4e2d\u9593\u4eba\u653b\u64ca\uff0c\u78ba\u4fdd\u7528\u6236\u6578\u64da\u7684\u5b89\u5168\u3002<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u63d0\u9ad8\u641c\u7d22\u5f15\u64ce\u6392\u540d\uff1a<\/strong>\u8a31\u591a\u641c\u7d22\u5f15\u64ce\u5c07 HTTPS \u4f5c\u70ba\u6392\u540d\u56e0\u7d20\uff0c\u555f\u7528 HSTS \u53ef\u80fd\u6709\u52a9\u65bc\u63d0\u5347\u7db2\u7ad9\u7684\u53ef\u898b\u6027\u3002<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u7528\u6236\u4fe1\u4efb\uff1a<\/strong>\u4f7f\u7528 HTTPS \u7684\u7db2\u7ad9\u901a\u5e38\u6703\u88ab\u7528\u6236\u8996\u70ba\u66f4\u5b89\u5168\uff0c\u5f9e\u800c\u63d0\u9ad8\u7528\u6236\u7684\u4fe1\u4efb\u5ea6\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2 id=\"%e5%a6%82%e4%bd%95%e5%9c%a8-nginx-%e4%b8%8a%e5%95%9f%e7%94%a8-hsts-EMfycvGERr\">\u5982\u4f55\u5728 Nginx \u4e0a\u555f\u7528 HSTS<\/h2>\n<p>\u4ee5\u4e0b\u662f\u555f\u7528 HSTS \u7684\u6b65\u9a5f\uff1a<\/p>\n<h3 id=\"%e6%ad%a5%e9%a9%9f-1%ef%bc%9a%e5%ae%89%e8%a3%9d-nginx-EMfycvGERr\">\u6b65\u9a5f 1\uff1a\u5b89\u88dd Nginx<\/h3>\n<p>\u5982\u679c\u5c1a\u672a\u5b89\u88dd Nginx\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u4ee5\u4e0b\u547d\u4ee4\u9032\u884c\u5b89\u88dd\uff1a<\/p>\n<pre><code>sudo apt update\nsudo apt install nginx<\/code><\/pre>\n<h3 id=\"%e6%ad%a5%e9%a9%9f-2%ef%bc%9a%e9%85%8d%e7%bd%ae-nginx-EMfycvGERr\">\u6b65\u9a5f 2\uff1a\u914d\u7f6e Nginx<\/h3>\n<p>\u6253\u958b Nginx \u914d\u7f6e\u6587\u4ef6\uff0c\u901a\u5e38\u4f4d\u65bc \/etc\/nginx\/sites-available\/default \u6216 \/etc\/nginx\/nginx.conf\u3002\u4f7f\u7528\u4ee5\u4e0b\u547d\u4ee4\u7de8\u8f2f\u914d\u7f6e\u6587\u4ef6\uff1a<\/p>\n<pre><code>sudo nano \/etc\/nginx\/sites-available\/default<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\u5728 server \u5340\u584a\u4e2d\uff0c\u6dfb\u52a0\u4ee5\u4e0b\u884c\u4ee5\u555f\u7528 HSTS\uff1a<\/p>\n<pre><code>add_header Strict-Transport-Security \"max-age=31536000; includeSubDomains; preload\" always;<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\u9019\u88e1\u7684 max-age=31536000 \u8868\u793a HSTS \u7684\u6709\u6548\u671f\u70ba 1 \u5e74\uff0cincludeSubDomains \u8868\u793a\u6240\u6709\u5b50\u57df\u540d\u4e5f\u5c07\u4f7f\u7528 HSTS\uff0c\u800c preload \u5247\u662f\u5c07\u7db2\u7ad9\u6dfb\u52a0\u5230 HSTS \u9810\u52a0\u8f09\u5217\u8868\u4e2d\u3002<\/p>\n<h3 id=\"%e6%ad%a5%e9%a9%9f-3%ef%bc%9a%e6%b8%ac%e8%a9%a6%e9%85%8d%e7%bd%ae-EMfycvGERr\">\u6b65\u9a5f 3\uff1a\u6e2c\u8a66\u914d\u7f6e<\/h3>\n<p>\u5b8c\u6210\u914d\u7f6e\u5f8c\uff0c\u4f7f\u7528\u4ee5\u4e0b\u547d\u4ee4\u6aa2\u67e5 Nginx \u914d\u7f6e\u662f\u5426\u6b63\u78ba\uff1a<\/p>\n<pre><code>sudo nginx -t<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\u5982\u679c\u6c92\u6709\u932f\u8aa4\uff0c\u5247\u53ef\u4ee5\u91cd\u65b0\u555f\u52d5 Nginx \u4ee5\u61c9\u7528\u66f4\u6539\uff1a<\/p>\n<pre><code>sudo systemctl restart nginx<\/code><\/pre>\n<h3 id=\"%e6%ad%a5%e9%a9%9f-4%ef%bc%9a%e9%a9%97%e8%ad%89-hsts-%e6%98%af%e5%90%a6%e5%95%9f%e7%94%a8-EMfycvGERr\">\u6b65\u9a5f 4\uff1a\u9a57\u8b49 HSTS \u662f\u5426\u555f\u7528<\/h3>\n<p>\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u700f\u89bd\u5668\u7684\u958b\u767c\u8005\u5de5\u5177\u6216\u5728\u7dda\u5de5\u5177\u4f86\u6aa2\u67e5 HSTS \u662f\u5426\u5df2\u6b63\u78ba\u555f\u7528\u3002\u6253\u958b\u700f\u89bd\u5668\uff0c\u8a2a\u554f\u60a8\u7684\u7db2\u7ad9\uff0c\u7136\u5f8c\u67e5\u770b\u97ff\u61c9\u6a19\u982d\uff0c\u61c9\u8a72\u80fd\u770b\u5230 HSTS \u7684\u76f8\u95dc\u4fe1\u606f\u3002<\/p>\n<h2 id=\"%e6%b3%a8%e6%84%8f%e4%ba%8b%e9%a0%85-EMfycvGERr\">\u6ce8\u610f\u4e8b\u9805<\/h2>\n<p>\u5728\u555f\u7528 HSTS \u4e4b\u524d\uff0c\u8acb\u78ba\u4fdd\u60a8\u7684\u7db2\u7ad9\u5df2\u7d93\u5b8c\u5168\u652f\u6301 HTTPS\uff0c\u5426\u5247\u53ef\u80fd\u6703\u5c0e\u81f4\u7528\u6236\u7121\u6cd5\u8a2a\u554f\u60a8\u7684\u7db2\u7ad9\u3002\u6b64\u5916\uff0cHSTS \u4e00\u65e6\u555f\u7528\uff0c\u5c07\u5728\u6307\u5b9a\u7684 max-age \u671f\u9593\u5167\u751f\u6548\uff0c\u7121\u6cd5\u8f15\u6613\u64a4\u56de\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u5728\u8a2d\u7f6e\u6642\u9700\u8b39\u614e\u8003\u616e\u3002<\/p>\n<h2 id=\"%e7%b8%bd%e7%b5%90-EMfycvGERr\">\u7e3d\u7d50<\/h2>\n<p>\u555f\u7528 HSTS \u662f\u63d0\u5347\u7db2\u7ad9\u5b89\u5168\u6027\u7684\u91cd\u8981\u6b65\u9a5f\u3002\u901a\u904e\u7c21\u55ae\u7684\u914d\u7f6e\uff0c\u60a8\u53ef\u4ee5\u6709\u6548\u9632\u6b62\u4e2d\u9593\u4eba\u653b\u64ca\uff0c\u589e\u5f37\u7528\u6236\u7684\u4fe1\u4efb\u611f\u3002\u5982\u679c\u60a8\u6b63\u5728\u5c0b\u627e\u53ef\u9760\u7684 <a href=\"https:\/\/server.hk\">\u9999\u6e2f VPS<\/a> \u89e3\u6c7a\u65b9\u6848\uff0cServer.HK \u63d0\u4f9b\u591a\u7a2e\u9078\u64c7\uff0c\u5e6b\u52a9\u60a8\u8f15\u9b06\u7ba1\u7406\u7db2\u7ad9\u5b89\u5168\u6027\u3002\u7121\u8ad6\u662f <a href=\"https:\/\/server.hk\">\u4e91\u670d\u52a1\u5668<\/a> \u9084\u662f <a href=\"https:\/\/server.hk\">\u9999\u6e2f\u670d\u52a1\u5668<\/a>\uff0c\u6211\u5011\u90fd\u80fd\u6eff\u8db3\u60a8\u7684\u9700\u6c42\u3002<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u5b78\u7fd2\u5982\u4f55\u5728 Nginx \u4e2d\u555f\u7528 HTTP \u56b4\u683c\u50b3\u8f38\u5b89\u5168\uff08HSTS\uff09\uff0c\u63d0\u5347\u7db2\u7ad9\u5b89\u5168\u6027\uff0c\u4fdd\u8b77\u7528\u6236\u6578\u64da\u3002<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[4924],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-50977","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-setup-tutorials"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/server.hk\/cnblog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/50977","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/server.hk\/cnblog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/server.hk\/cnblog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/server.hk\/cnblog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/server.hk\/cnblog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=50977"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/server.hk\/cnblog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/50977\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":50978,"href":"https:\/\/server.hk\/cnblog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/50977\/revisions\/50978"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/server.hk\/cnblog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=50977"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/server.hk\/cnblog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=50977"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/server.hk\/cnblog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=50977"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}