{"id":50869,"date":"2024-10-08T14:20:15","date_gmt":"2024-10-08T06:20:15","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/server.hk\/cnblog\/50869\/"},"modified":"2024-10-08T14:20:15","modified_gmt":"2024-10-08T06:20:15","slug":"nginx-%e6%96%b0%e6%89%8b%e6%95%99%e7%a8%8b%ef%bc%9a%e8%a8%ad%e7%bd%ae-upstream-%e6%8c%87%e4%bb%a4","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/server.hk\/cnblog\/50869\/","title":{"rendered":"Nginx \u65b0\u624b\u6559\u7a0b\uff1a\u8a2d\u7f6e upstream \u6307\u4ee4"},"content":{"rendered":"<h1 id=\"nginx-%e6%96%b0%e6%89%8b%e6%95%99%e7%a8%8b%ef%bc%9a%e8%a8%ad%e7%bd%ae-upstream-%e6%8c%87%e4%bb%a4-atyUQyfFHt\">Nginx \u65b0\u624b\u6559\u7a0b\uff1a\u8a2d\u7f6e upstream \u6307\u4ee4<\/h1>\n<p>Nginx \u662f\u4e00\u6b3e\u9ad8\u6548\u80fd\u7684\u7db2\u9801\u4f3a\u670d\u5668\uff0c\u5ee3\u6cdb\u61c9\u7528\u65bc\u8ca0\u8f09\u5747\u8861\u548c\u53cd\u5411\u4ee3\u7406\u7b49\u5834\u666f\u3002\u5c0d\u65bc\u65b0\u624b\u4f86\u8aaa\uff0c\u7406\u89e3 Nginx \u7684\u914d\u7f6e\u6587\u4ef6\u53ca\u5176\u6307\u4ee4\u662f\u975e\u5e38\u91cd\u8981\u7684\uff0c\u5176\u4e2d <code>upstream<\/code> \u6307\u4ee4\u662f\u5be6\u73fe\u8ca0\u8f09\u5747\u8861\u7684\u95dc\u9375\u3002\u672c\u6587\u5c07\u6df1\u5165\u63a2\u8a0e\u5982\u4f55\u8a2d\u7f6e <code>upstream<\/code> \u6307\u4ee4\uff0c\u4e26\u63d0\u4f9b\u5be6\u7528\u7684\u7bc4\u4f8b\u3002<\/p>\n<h2 id=\"%e4%bb%80%e9%ba%bc%e6%98%af-upstream-%e6%8c%87%e4%bb%a4%ef%bc%9f-atyUQyfFHt\">\u4ec0\u9ebc\u662f upstream \u6307\u4ee4\uff1f<\/h2>\n<p><code>upstream<\/code> \u6307\u4ee4\u7528\u65bc\u5b9a\u7fa9\u4e00\u7d44\u4f3a\u670d\u5668\uff0c\u9019\u4e9b\u4f3a\u670d\u5668\u53ef\u4ee5\u7528\u4f86\u8655\u7406\u8acb\u6c42\u3002\u7576 Nginx \u63a5\u6536\u5230\u8acb\u6c42\u6642\uff0c\u5b83\u53ef\u4ee5\u6839\u64da\u914d\u7f6e\u7684\u8ca0\u8f09\u5747\u8861\u7b97\u6cd5\uff0c\u5c07\u8acb\u6c42\u8f49\u767c\u5230\u9019\u4e9b\u4f3a\u670d\u5668\u4e4b\u4e00\u3002\u9019\u6a23\u7684\u8a2d\u7f6e\u4e0d\u50c5\u53ef\u4ee5\u63d0\u9ad8\u7db2\u7ad9\u7684\u53ef\u7528\u6027\uff0c\u9084\u80fd\u63d0\u5347\u6027\u80fd\u3002<\/p>\n<h2 id=\"%e8%a8%ad%e7%bd%ae-upstream-%e6%8c%87%e4%bb%a4%e7%9a%84%e5%9f%ba%e6%9c%ac%e6%ad%a5%e9%a9%9f-atyUQyfFHt\">\u8a2d\u7f6e upstream \u6307\u4ee4\u7684\u57fa\u672c\u6b65\u9a5f<\/h2>\n<p>\u4ee5\u4e0b\u662f\u8a2d\u7f6e <code>upstream<\/code> \u6307\u4ee4\u7684\u57fa\u672c\u6b65\u9a5f\uff1a<\/p>\n<ol>\n<li>\u7de8\u8f2f Nginx \u914d\u7f6e\u6587\u4ef6<\/li>\n<li>\u5b9a\u7fa9 upstream \u5340\u584a<\/li>\n<li>\u914d\u7f6e server \u5340\u584a\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528 upstream<\/li>\n<li>\u91cd\u555f Nginx \u670d\u52d9<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<h3 id=\"1-%e7%b7%a8%e8%bc%af-nginx-%e9%85%8d%e7%bd%ae%e6%96%87%e4%bb%b6-atyUQyfFHt\">1. \u7de8\u8f2f Nginx \u914d\u7f6e\u6587\u4ef6<\/h3>\n<p>\u9996\u5148\uff0c\u60a8\u9700\u8981\u627e\u5230 Nginx \u7684\u914d\u7f6e\u6587\u4ef6\uff0c\u901a\u5e38\u4f4d\u65bc <code>\/etc\/nginx\/nginx.conf<\/code> \u6216 <code>\/etc\/nginx\/conf.d\/default.conf<\/code>\u3002\u4f7f\u7528\u6587\u672c\u7de8\u8f2f\u5668\u6253\u958b\u8a72\u6587\u4ef6\u3002<\/p>\n<h3 id=\"2-%e5%ae%9a%e7%be%a9-upstream-%e5%8d%80%e5%a1%8a-atyUQyfFHt\">2. \u5b9a\u7fa9 upstream \u5340\u584a<\/h3>\n<p>\u5728\u914d\u7f6e\u6587\u4ef6\u4e2d\uff0c\u60a8\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u4ee5\u4e0b\u8a9e\u6cd5\u4f86\u5b9a\u7fa9 <code>upstream<\/code> \u5340\u584a\uff1a<\/p>\n<pre><code>upstream backend {\n    server backend1.example.com;\n    server backend2.example.com;\n    server backend3.example.com;\n}<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\u5728\u9019\u500b\u4f8b\u5b50\u4e2d\uff0c\u6211\u5011\u5b9a\u7fa9\u4e86\u4e00\u500b\u540d\u70ba <code>backend<\/code> \u7684 upstream \u5340\u584a\uff0c\u5305\u542b\u4e09\u500b\u4f3a\u670d\u5668\u3002<\/p>\n<h3 id=\"3-%e9%85%8d%e7%bd%ae-server-%e5%8d%80%e5%a1%8a%e4%bb%a5%e4%bd%bf%e7%94%a8-upstream-atyUQyfFHt\">3. \u914d\u7f6e server \u5340\u584a\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528 upstream<\/h3>\n<p>\u63a5\u4e0b\u4f86\uff0c\u60a8\u9700\u8981\u5728 <code>server<\/code> \u5340\u584a\u4e2d\u4f7f\u7528\u9019\u500b upstream \u5340\u584a\u3002\u4ee5\u4e0b\u662f\u4e00\u500b\u7bc4\u4f8b\uff1a<\/p>\n<pre><code>server {\n    listen 80;\n    server_name example.com;\n\n    location \/ {\n        proxy_pass http:\/\/backend;\n        proxy_set_header Host $host;\n        proxy_set_header X-Real-IP $remote_addr;\n        proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-For $proxy_add_x_forwarded_for;\n    }\n}<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\u5728\u9019\u500b\u7bc4\u4f8b\u4e2d\uff0c\u7576\u7528\u6236\u8a2a\u554f <code>example.com<\/code> \u6642\uff0c\u8acb\u6c42\u5c07\u88ab\u8f49\u767c\u5230 <code>backend<\/code> \u5b9a\u7fa9\u7684\u4f3a\u670d\u5668\u3002<\/p>\n<h3 id=\"4-%e9%87%8d%e5%95%9f-nginx-%e6%9c%8d%e5%8b%99-atyUQyfFHt\">4. \u91cd\u555f Nginx \u670d\u52d9<\/h3>\n<p>\u5b8c\u6210\u914d\u7f6e\u5f8c\uff0c\u60a8\u9700\u8981\u91cd\u555f Nginx \u670d\u52d9\u4ee5\u4f7f\u66f4\u6539\u751f\u6548\u3002\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u4ee5\u4e0b\u547d\u4ee4\uff1a<\/p>\n<pre><code>sudo systemctl restart nginx<\/code><\/pre>\n<h2 id=\"%e8%b2%a0%e8%bc%89%e5%9d%87%e8%a1%a1%e7%ae%97%e6%b3%95-atyUQyfFHt\">\u8ca0\u8f09\u5747\u8861\u7b97\u6cd5<\/h2>\n<p>Nginx \u652f\u6301\u591a\u7a2e\u8ca0\u8f09\u5747\u8861\u7b97\u6cd5\uff0c\u60a8\u53ef\u4ee5\u6839\u64da\u9700\u6c42\u9078\u64c7\u5408\u9069\u7684\u7b97\u6cd5\u3002\u4ee5\u4e0b\u662f\u5e7e\u7a2e\u5e38\u898b\u7684\u7b97\u6cd5\uff1a<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>\u8f2a\u8a62\uff08Round Robin\uff09<\/strong>\uff1a\u9810\u8a2d\u7b97\u6cd5\uff0c\u4f9d\u6b21\u5c07\u8acb\u6c42\u5206\u914d\u7d66\u6bcf\u500b\u4f3a\u670d\u5668\u3002<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u6700\u5c11\u9023\u63a5\uff08Least Connections\uff09<\/strong>\uff1a\u5c07\u8acb\u6c42\u8f49\u767c\u7d66\u7576\u524d\u9023\u63a5\u6578\u6700\u5c11\u7684\u4f3a\u670d\u5668\u3002<\/li>\n<li><strong>IP \u54c8\u5e0c\uff08IP Hash\uff09<\/strong>\uff1a\u6839\u64da\u5ba2\u6236\u7aef\u7684 IP \u5730\u5740\u5c07\u8acb\u6c42\u5206\u914d\u7d66\u7279\u5b9a\u4f3a\u670d\u5668\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\u60a8\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728 <code>upstream<\/code> \u5340\u584a\u4e2d\u6307\u5b9a\u7b97\u6cd5\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\uff1a<\/p>\n<pre><code>upstream backend {\n    least_conn;  # \u4f7f\u7528\u6700\u5c11\u9023\u63a5\u7b97\u6cd5\n    server backend1.example.com;\n    server backend2.example.com;\n}<\/code><\/pre>\n<h2 id=\"%e7%b8%bd%e7%b5%90-atyUQyfFHt\">\u7e3d\u7d50<\/h2>\n<p>\u901a\u904e\u8a2d\u7f6e <code>upstream<\/code> \u6307\u4ee4\uff0c\u60a8\u53ef\u4ee5\u6709\u6548\u5730\u5be6\u73fe Nginx \u7684\u8ca0\u8f09\u5747\u8861\u529f\u80fd\uff0c\u5f9e\u800c\u63d0\u9ad8\u7db2\u7ad9\u7684\u6027\u80fd\u548c\u53ef\u7528\u6027\u3002\u7121\u8ad6\u662f\u5c0f\u578b\u7db2\u7ad9\u9084\u662f\u5927\u578b\u61c9\u7528\uff0c\u6b63\u78ba\u7684\u914d\u7f6e\u90fd\u80fd\u5e36\u4f86\u986f\u8457\u7684\u6548\u76ca\u3002\u5982\u679c\u60a8\u9700\u8981\u66f4\u591a\u6709\u95dc <a href=\"https:\/\/server.hk\">\u9999\u6e2f VPS<\/a> \u7684\u8cc7\u8a0a\uff0c\u8acb\u8a2a\u554f\u6211\u5011\u7684\u7db2\u7ad9\u4ee5\u7372\u53d6\u66f4\u591a\u8cc7\u6e90\u548c\u652f\u6301\u3002<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u5b78\u7fd2\u5982\u4f55\u5728 Nginx \u4e2d\u8a2d\u7f6e upstream \u6307\u4ee4\uff0c\u63d0\u5347\u7db2\u7ad9\u6027\u80fd\u8207\u8ca0\u8f09\u5747\u8861\uff0c\u9069\u5408\u65b0\u624b\u7684\u8a73\u7d30\u6559\u7a0b\u3002<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[4924],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-50869","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-setup-tutorials"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/server.hk\/cnblog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/50869","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/server.hk\/cnblog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/server.hk\/cnblog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/server.hk\/cnblog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/server.hk\/cnblog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=50869"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/server.hk\/cnblog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/50869\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":50870,"href":"https:\/\/server.hk\/cnblog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/50869\/revisions\/50870"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/server.hk\/cnblog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=50869"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/server.hk\/cnblog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=50869"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/server.hk\/cnblog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=50869"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}