{"id":50759,"date":"2024-10-08T13:31:33","date_gmt":"2024-10-08T05:31:33","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/server.hk\/cnblog\/50759\/"},"modified":"2024-10-08T13:31:33","modified_gmt":"2024-10-08T05:31:33","slug":"nginx-%e6%8c%87%e4%bb%a4%ef%bc%9aupstream-%ef%bc%88%e4%b8%8a%e6%b8%b8%ef%bc%89","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/server.hk\/cnblog\/50759\/","title":{"rendered":"Nginx \u6307\u4ee4\uff1aupstream \uff08\u4e0a\u6e38\uff09"},"content":{"rendered":"<h1 id=\"nginx-%e6%8c%87%e4%bb%a4%ef%bc%9aupstream-%ef%bc%88%e4%b8%8a%e6%b8%b8%ef%bc%89-kjBHVFrPTK\">Nginx \u6307\u4ee4\uff1aupstream \uff08\u4e0a\u6e38\uff09<\/h1>\n<p>Nginx \u662f\u4e00\u6b3e\u9ad8\u6548\u7684\u7db2\u9801\u4f3a\u670d\u5668\uff0c\u5ee3\u6cdb\u61c9\u7528\u65bc\u8ca0\u8f09\u5747\u8861\u548c\u53cd\u5411\u4ee3\u7406\u7b49\u5834\u666f\u3002\u5728 Nginx \u7684\u914d\u7f6e\u4e2d\uff0c<code>upstream<\/code> \u6307\u4ee4\u662f\u4e00\u500b\u975e\u5e38\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u529f\u80fd\uff0c\u4e3b\u8981\u7528\u65bc\u5b9a\u7fa9\u4e00\u7d44\u4e0a\u6e38\u4f3a\u670d\u5668\uff0c\u9019\u4e9b\u4f3a\u670d\u5668\u53ef\u4ee5\u7528\u4f86\u8655\u7406\u5ba2\u6236\u7aef\u7684\u8acb\u6c42\u3002\u672c\u6587\u5c07\u6df1\u5165\u63a2\u8a0e <code>upstream<\/code> \u6307\u4ee4\u7684\u7528\u6cd5\u53ca\u5176\u5728\u5be6\u969b\u61c9\u7528\u4e2d\u7684\u91cd\u8981\u6027\u3002<\/p>\n<h2 id=\"%e4%bb%80%e9%ba%bc%e6%98%af-upstream-%e6%8c%87%e4%bb%a4%ef%bc%9f-kjBHVFrPTK\">\u4ec0\u9ebc\u662f upstream \u6307\u4ee4\uff1f<\/h2>\n<p><code>upstream<\/code> \u6307\u4ee4\u7528\u65bc\u5b9a\u7fa9\u4e00\u7d44\u4f3a\u670d\u5668\uff0c\u9019\u4e9b\u4f3a\u670d\u5668\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f5c\u70ba\u8acb\u6c42\u7684\u4e0a\u6e38\u8655\u7406\u8005\u3002\u7576 Nginx \u63a5\u6536\u5230\u5ba2\u6236\u7aef\u7684\u8acb\u6c42\u6642\uff0c\u5b83\u53ef\u4ee5\u6839\u64da\u914d\u7f6e\u7684 <code>upstream<\/code> \u6307\u4ee4\u5c07\u8acb\u6c42\u8f49\u767c\u5230\u9019\u4e9b\u4f3a\u670d\u5668\u4e0a\u3002\u9019\u6a23\u7684\u8a2d\u8a08\u4e0d\u50c5\u63d0\u9ad8\u4e86\u7cfb\u7d71\u7684\u53ef\u64f4\u5c55\u6027\uff0c\u9084\u80fd\u6709\u6548\u5730\u5206\u6563\u8ca0\u8f09\uff0c\u63d0\u5347\u6574\u9ad4\u6027\u80fd\u3002<\/p>\n<h2 id=\"upstream-%e6%8c%87%e4%bb%a4%e7%9a%84%e5%9f%ba%e6%9c%ac%e8%aa%9e%e6%b3%95-kjBHVFrPTK\">upstream \u6307\u4ee4\u7684\u57fa\u672c\u8a9e\u6cd5<\/h2>\n<p>\u57fa\u672c\u7684 <code>upstream<\/code> \u6307\u4ee4\u8a9e\u6cd5\u5982\u4e0b\uff1a<\/p>\n<pre><code>upstream  {\n    server ;\n    server ;\n    ...\n}<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\u5176\u4e2d\uff0c<code>&lt;name&gt;<\/code> \u662f\u4e0a\u6e38\u4f3a\u670d\u5668\u7d44\u7684\u540d\u7a31\uff0c\u800c <code>&lt;server&gt;<\/code> \u5247\u662f\u5177\u9ad4\u7684\u4f3a\u670d\u5668\u5730\u5740\u3002\u4ee5\u4e0b\u662f\u4e00\u500b\u7c21\u55ae\u7684\u4f8b\u5b50\uff1a<\/p>\n<pre><code>upstream backend {\n    server 192.168.1.1;\n    server 192.168.1.2;\n}<\/code><\/pre>\n<h2 id=\"%e4%bd%bf%e7%94%a8-upstream-%e6%8c%87%e4%bb%a4%e7%9a%84%e5%af%a6%e9%9a%9b%e6%a1%88%e4%be%8b-kjBHVFrPTK\">\u4f7f\u7528 upstream \u6307\u4ee4\u7684\u5be6\u969b\u6848\u4f8b<\/h2>\n<p>\u5047\u8a2d\u6211\u5011\u6709\u5169\u53f0\u4f3a\u670d\u5668\uff0c\u5206\u5225\u4f4d\u65bc 192.168.1.1 \u548c 192.168.1.2\uff0c\u4e26\u5e0c\u671b\u5c07\u8acb\u6c42\u5747\u8861\u5730\u5206\u914d\u5230\u9019\u5169\u53f0\u4f3a\u670d\u5668\u4e0a\u3002\u6211\u5011\u53ef\u4ee5\u9019\u6a23\u914d\u7f6e Nginx\uff1a<\/p>\n<pre><code>upstream backend {\n    server 192.168.1.1;\n    server 192.168.1.2;\n}\n\nserver {\n    listen 80;\n    location \/ {\n        proxy_pass http:\/\/backend;\n    }\n}<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\u5728\u9019\u500b\u914d\u7f6e\u4e2d\uff0c\u7576\u5ba2\u6236\u7aef\u8acb\u6c42\u5230\u9054 Nginx \u6642\uff0cNginx \u6703\u5c07\u8acb\u6c42\u8f49\u767c\u5230 <code>backend<\/code> \u5b9a\u7fa9\u7684\u4f3a\u670d\u5668\u4e0a\u3002\u9019\u6a23\u53ef\u4ee5\u5be6\u73fe\u8ca0\u8f09\u5747\u8861\uff0c\u78ba\u4fdd\u8acb\u6c42\u4e0d\u6703\u96c6\u4e2d\u5728\u55ae\u4e00\u4f3a\u670d\u5668\u4e0a\u3002<\/p>\n<h2 id=\"%e8%b2%a0%e8%bc%89%e5%9d%87%e8%a1%a1%e7%ae%97%e6%b3%95-kjBHVFrPTK\">\u8ca0\u8f09\u5747\u8861\u7b97\u6cd5<\/h2>\n<p>Nginx \u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u591a\u7a2e\u8ca0\u8f09\u5747\u8861\u7b97\u6cd5\uff0c\u9ed8\u8a8d\u60c5\u6cc1\u4e0b\u4f7f\u7528\u7684\u662f\u8f2a\u8a62\uff08round-robin\uff09\u7b97\u6cd5\u3002\u9664\u4e86\u8f2a\u8a62\uff0c\u9084\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u4ee5\u4e0b\u7b97\u6cd5\uff1a<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>\u6700\u5c11\u9023\u63a5\uff08least_conn\uff09<\/strong>\uff1a\u5c07\u8acb\u6c42\u8f49\u767c\u5230\u7576\u524d\u9023\u63a5\u6578\u6700\u5c11\u7684\u4f3a\u670d\u5668\u3002<\/li>\n<li><strong>IP \u54c8\u5e0c\uff08ip_hash\uff09<\/strong>\uff1a\u6839\u64da\u5ba2\u6236\u7aef\u7684 IP \u5730\u5740\u5c07\u8acb\u6c42\u5206\u914d\u5230\u7279\u5b9a\u7684\u4f3a\u670d\u5668\uff0c\u9069\u5408\u9700\u8981\u6703\u8a71\u4fdd\u6301\u7684\u5834\u666f\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u5e0c\u671b\u4f7f\u7528\u6700\u5c11\u9023\u63a5\u7b97\u6cd5\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u9019\u6a23\u914d\u7f6e\uff1a<\/p>\n<pre><code>upstream backend {\n    least_conn;\n    server 192.168.1.1;\n    server 192.168.1.2;\n}<\/code><\/pre>\n<h2 id=\"%e6%95%85%e9%9a%9c%e8%bd%89%e7%a7%bb-kjBHVFrPTK\">\u6545\u969c\u8f49\u79fb<\/h2>\n<p>\u5728\u4f7f\u7528 <code>upstream<\/code> \u6307\u4ee4\u6642\uff0c\u9084\u53ef\u4ee5\u914d\u7f6e\u6545\u969c\u8f49\u79fb\u6a5f\u5236\u3002\u5982\u679c\u67d0\u53f0\u4f3a\u670d\u5668\u7121\u6cd5\u97ff\u61c9\u8acb\u6c42\uff0cNginx \u53ef\u4ee5\u81ea\u52d5\u5c07\u8acb\u6c42\u8f49\u767c\u5230\u5176\u4ed6\u53ef\u7528\u7684\u4f3a\u670d\u5668\u3002\u9019\u6a23\u53ef\u4ee5\u63d0\u9ad8\u7cfb\u7d71\u7684\u7a69\u5b9a\u6027\u548c\u53ef\u7528\u6027\u3002<\/p>\n<pre><code>upstream backend {\n    server 192.168.1.1 max_fails=3 fail_timeout=30s;\n    server 192.168.1.2;\n}<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\u5728\u9019\u500b\u4f8b\u5b50\u4e2d\uff0c\u5982\u679c 192.168.1.1 \u5728 30 \u79d2\u5167\u5931\u6557\u4e86 3 \u6b21\uff0cNginx \u5c07\u4e0d\u6703\u5c07\u8acb\u6c42\u8f49\u767c\u5230\u9019\u53f0\u4f3a\u670d\u5668\uff0c\u76f4\u5230\u6545\u969c\u8d85\u6642\u3002<\/p>\n<h2 id=\"%e7%b8%bd%e7%b5%90-kjBHVFrPTK\">\u7e3d\u7d50<\/h2>\n<p>\u7e3d\u7684\u4f86\u8aaa\uff0cNginx \u7684 <code>upstream<\/code> \u6307\u4ee4\u662f\u4e00\u500b\u5f37\u5927\u7684\u5de5\u5177\uff0c\u80fd\u5920\u5e6b\u52a9\u7528\u6236\u5be6\u73fe\u9ad8\u6548\u7684\u8ca0\u8f09\u5747\u8861\u548c\u6545\u969c\u8f49\u79fb\u3002\u901a\u904e\u5408\u7406\u914d\u7f6e <code>upstream<\/code>\uff0c\u7528\u6236\u53ef\u4ee5\u986f\u8457\u63d0\u5347\u61c9\u7528\u7684\u6027\u80fd\u548c\u7a69\u5b9a\u6027\u3002\u5982\u679c\u60a8\u6b63\u5728\u5c0b\u627e\u9ad8\u6548\u7684 <a href=\"https:\/\/server.hk\">\u9999\u6e2fVPS<\/a> \u89e3\u6c7a\u65b9\u6848\uff0cServer.HK \u63d0\u4f9b\u591a\u7a2e\u9078\u64c7\uff0c\u6eff\u8db3\u4e0d\u540c\u9700\u6c42\u7684\u4f3a\u670d\u5668\u914d\u7f6e\u3002<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u4e86\u89e3 Nginx \u7684 upstream \u6307\u4ee4\uff0c\u914d\u7f6e\u8d1f\u8f7d\u5747\u8861\u548c\u540e\u7aef\u670d\u52a1\u5668\uff0c\u63d0\u5347\u7f51\u7ad9\u6027\u80fd\u4e0e\u53ef\u6269\u5c55\u6027\u3002<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[4924],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-50759","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-setup-tutorials"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/server.hk\/cnblog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/50759","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/server.hk\/cnblog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/server.hk\/cnblog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/server.hk\/cnblog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/server.hk\/cnblog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=50759"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/server.hk\/cnblog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/50759\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":50760,"href":"https:\/\/server.hk\/cnblog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/50759\/revisions\/50760"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/server.hk\/cnblog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=50759"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/server.hk\/cnblog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=50759"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/server.hk\/cnblog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=50759"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}