{"id":50655,"date":"2024-10-08T12:47:15","date_gmt":"2024-10-08T04:47:15","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/server.hk\/cnblog\/50655\/"},"modified":"2024-10-08T12:47:15","modified_gmt":"2024-10-08T04:47:15","slug":"nginx-%e5%ae%89%e5%85%a8%e7%ad%96%e7%95%a5%ef%bc%9a%e8%a8%ad%e7%bd%ae%e5%9a%b4%e6%a0%bc%e7%9a%84%e5%82%b3%e8%bc%b8%e5%ae%89%e5%85%a8%e9%a0%ad%ef%bc%88hsts%ef%bc%89","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/server.hk\/cnblog\/50655\/","title":{"rendered":"Nginx \u5b89\u5168\u7b56\u7565\uff1a\u8a2d\u7f6e\u56b4\u683c\u7684\u50b3\u8f38\u5b89\u5168\u982d\uff08HSTS\uff09"},"content":{"rendered":"<h1 id=\"nginx-%e5%ae%89%e5%85%a8%e7%ad%96%e7%95%a5%ef%bc%9a%e8%a8%ad%e7%bd%ae%e5%9a%b4%e6%a0%bc%e7%9a%84%e5%82%b3%e8%bc%b8%e5%ae%89%e5%85%a8%e9%a0%ad%ef%bc%88hsts%ef%bc%89-TJDHeruvlL\">Nginx \u5b89\u5168\u7b56\u7565\uff1a\u8a2d\u7f6e\u56b4\u683c\u7684\u50b3\u8f38\u5b89\u5168\u982d\uff08HSTS\uff09<\/h1>\n<p>\u5728\u7576\u4eca\u7684\u7db2\u7d61\u74b0\u5883\u4e2d\uff0c\u7db2\u7ad9\u5b89\u5168\u6027\u8b8a\u5f97\u8d8a\u4f86\u8d8a\u91cd\u8981\u3002\u96a8\u8457\u7db2\u7d61\u653b\u64ca\u7684\u983b\u7e41\u767c\u751f\uff0c\u7db2\u7ad9\u7ba1\u7406\u8005\u5fc5\u9808\u63a1\u53d6\u6709\u6548\u7684\u63aa\u65bd\u4f86\u4fdd\u8b77\u7528\u6236\u7684\u6578\u64da\u548c\u96b1\u79c1\u3002\u50b3\u8f38\u5b89\u5168\u982d\uff08HTTP Strict Transport Security\uff0c\u7c21\u7a31 HSTS\uff09\u662f\u4e00\u7a2e\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u5b89\u5168\u6a5f\u5236\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u5e6b\u52a9\u7db2\u7ad9\u5f37\u5236\u4f7f\u7528 HTTPS \u9023\u63a5\uff0c\u5f9e\u800c\u63d0\u9ad8\u7db2\u7ad9\u7684\u5b89\u5168\u6027\u3002\u672c\u6587\u5c07\u63a2\u8a0e\u5982\u4f55\u5728 Nginx \u4e2d\u8a2d\u7f6e HSTS \u4ee5\u53ca\u5176\u91cd\u8981\u6027\u3002<\/p>\n<h2 id=\"%e4%bb%80%e9%ba%bc%e6%98%af-hsts%ef%bc%9f-TJDHeruvlL\">\u4ec0\u9ebc\u662f HSTS\uff1f<\/h2>\n<p>HSTS \u662f\u4e00\u7a2e\u7db2\u7d61\u5b89\u5168\u7b56\u7565\uff0c\u65e8\u5728\u9632\u6b62\u4e2d\u9593\u4eba\u653b\u64ca\uff08MITM\uff09\u548c\u964d\u7d1a\u653b\u64ca\u3002\u7576\u4e00\u500b\u7db2\u7ad9\u555f\u7528 HSTS \u6642\uff0c\u700f\u89bd\u5668\u6703\u8a18\u4f4f\u8a72\u7db2\u7ad9\u7684 HSTS \u8a2d\u7f6e\uff0c\u4e26\u5728\u672a\u4f86\u7684\u8a2a\u554f\u4e2d\u81ea\u52d5\u5c07\u6240\u6709 HTTP \u8acb\u6c42\u91cd\u5b9a\u5411\u5230 HTTPS\u3002\u9019\u6a23\uff0c\u5373\u4f7f\u7528\u6236\u5728\u5730\u5740\u6b04\u4e2d\u8f38\u5165 HTTP\uff0c\u700f\u89bd\u5668\u4e5f\u6703\u81ea\u52d5\u5c07\u5176\u8f49\u63db\u70ba HTTPS\uff0c\u5f9e\u800c\u78ba\u4fdd\u6578\u64da\u7684\u5b89\u5168\u50b3\u8f38\u3002<\/p>\n<h2 id=\"%e7%82%ba%e4%bb%80%e9%ba%bc%e9%9c%80%e8%a6%81-hsts%ef%bc%9f-TJDHeruvlL\">\u70ba\u4ec0\u9ebc\u9700\u8981 HSTS\uff1f<\/h2>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>\u9632\u6b62\u4e2d\u9593\u4eba\u653b\u64ca\uff1a<\/strong> HSTS \u53ef\u4ee5\u6709\u6548\u9632\u6b62\u653b\u64ca\u8005\u5728\u7528\u6236\u548c\u7db2\u7ad9\u4e4b\u9593\u63d2\u5165\u60e1\u610f\u4ee3\u78bc\u6216\u7aca\u53d6\u654f\u611f\u4fe1\u606f\u3002<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u63d0\u5347\u7528\u6236\u4fe1\u4efb\uff1a<\/strong> \u4f7f\u7528 HTTPS \u548c HSTS \u7684\u7db2\u7ad9\u80fd\u5920\u63d0\u9ad8\u7528\u6236\u5c0d\u7db2\u7ad9\u7684\u4fe1\u4efb\u5ea6\uff0c\u56e0\u70ba\u7528\u6236\u77e5\u9053\u4ed6\u5011\u7684\u6578\u64da\u662f\u5b89\u5168\u7684\u3002<\/li>\n<li><strong>SEO \u512a\u52e2\uff1a<\/strong> \u641c\u7d22\u5f15\u64ce\uff08\u5982 Google\uff09\u66f4\u50be\u5411\u65bc\u5c07\u4f7f\u7528 HTTPS \u7684\u7db2\u7ad9\u6392\u540d\u66f4\u9ad8\uff0c\u9019\u5c0d\u65bc\u7db2\u7ad9\u7684\u53ef\u898b\u6027\u81f3\u95dc\u91cd\u8981\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2 id=\"%e5%a6%82%e4%bd%95%e5%9c%a8-nginx-%e4%b8%ad%e8%a8%ad%e7%bd%ae-hsts-TJDHeruvlL\">\u5982\u4f55\u5728 Nginx \u4e2d\u8a2d\u7f6e HSTS<\/h2>\n<p>\u5728 Nginx \u4e2d\u8a2d\u7f6e HSTS \u662f\u4e00\u500b\u76f8\u5c0d\u7c21\u55ae\u7684\u904e\u7a0b\u3002\u4ee5\u4e0b\u662f\u5177\u9ad4\u6b65\u9a5f\uff1a<\/p>\n<h3 id=\"%e6%ad%a5%e9%a9%9f-1%ef%bc%9a%e7%b7%a8%e8%bc%af-nginx-%e9%85%8d%e7%bd%ae%e6%96%87%e4%bb%b6-TJDHeruvlL\">\u6b65\u9a5f 1\uff1a\u7de8\u8f2f Nginx \u914d\u7f6e\u6587\u4ef6<\/h3>\n<p>\u9996\u5148\uff0c\u60a8\u9700\u8981\u627e\u5230\u4e26\u7de8\u8f2f Nginx \u7684\u914d\u7f6e\u6587\u4ef6\u3002\u901a\u5e38\uff0c\u9019\u500b\u6587\u4ef6\u4f4d\u65bc \/etc\/nginx\/nginx.conf \u6216 \/etc\/nginx\/sites-available\/default\u3002\u4f7f\u7528\u60a8\u559c\u6b61\u7684\u6587\u672c\u7de8\u8f2f\u5668\u6253\u958b\u8a72\u6587\u4ef6\u3002<\/p>\n<h3 id=\"%e6%ad%a5%e9%a9%9f-2%ef%bc%9a%e6%b7%bb%e5%8a%a0-hsts-%e6%a8%99%e9%a0%ad-TJDHeruvlL\">\u6b65\u9a5f 2\uff1a\u6dfb\u52a0 HSTS \u6a19\u982d<\/h3>\n<p>\u5728 server \u5340\u584a\u4e2d\uff0c\u6dfb\u52a0\u4ee5\u4e0b\u884c\u4f86\u555f\u7528 HSTS\uff1a<\/p>\n<pre><code>add_header Strict-Transport-Security \"max-age=31536000; includeSubDomains; preload\" always;<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\u9019\u88e1\u7684\u53c3\u6578\u89e3\u91cb\u5982\u4e0b\uff1a<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>max-age=31536000\uff1a<\/strong> \u8a2d\u7f6e HSTS \u7684\u6709\u6548\u671f\u70ba 1 \u5e74\uff0831536000 \u79d2\uff09\u3002<\/li>\n<li><strong>includeSubDomains\uff1a<\/strong> \u6b64\u9078\u9805\u8868\u793a HSTS \u5c07\u9069\u7528\u65bc\u6240\u6709\u5b50\u57df\u540d\u3002<\/li>\n<li><strong>preload\uff1a<\/strong> \u6b64\u9078\u9805\u5141\u8a31\u7db2\u7ad9\u88ab\u6dfb\u52a0\u5230 HSTS \u9810\u52a0\u8f09\u5217\u8868\u4e2d\uff0c\u9019\u6a23\u700f\u89bd\u5668\u5728\u9996\u6b21\u8a2a\u554f\u6642\u5c31\u6703\u81ea\u52d5\u4f7f\u7528 HTTPS\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3 id=\"%e6%ad%a5%e9%a9%9f-3%ef%bc%9a%e9%87%8d%e5%95%9f-nginx-TJDHeruvlL\">\u6b65\u9a5f 3\uff1a\u91cd\u555f Nginx<\/h3>\n<p>\u5b8c\u6210\u914d\u7f6e\u5f8c\uff0c\u60a8\u9700\u8981\u91cd\u555f Nginx \u4ee5\u4f7f\u66f4\u6539\u751f\u6548\u3002\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u4ee5\u4e0b\u547d\u4ee4\uff1a<\/p>\n<pre><code>sudo systemctl restart nginx<\/code><\/pre>\n<h2 id=\"%e6%b8%ac%e8%a9%a6-hsts-%e8%a8%ad%e7%bd%ae-TJDHeruvlL\">\u6e2c\u8a66 HSTS \u8a2d\u7f6e<\/h2>\n<p>\u8a2d\u7f6e\u5b8c\u6210\u5f8c\uff0c\u60a8\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u700f\u89bd\u5668\u7684\u958b\u767c\u8005\u5de5\u5177\u6216\u5728\u7dda\u5de5\u5177\u4f86\u6aa2\u67e5 HSTS \u662f\u5426\u6b63\u78ba\u914d\u7f6e\u3002\u6253\u958b\u958b\u767c\u8005\u5de5\u5177\uff0c\u67e5\u770b\u7db2\u7d61\u8acb\u6c42\u7684\u6a19\u982d\uff0c\u61c9\u8a72\u80fd\u770b\u5230\u525b\u525b\u6dfb\u52a0\u7684 HSTS \u6a19\u982d\u3002<\/p>\n<h2 id=\"%e7%b5%90%e8%ab%96-TJDHeruvlL\">\u7d50\u8ad6<\/h2>\n<p>HSTS \u662f\u4e00\u7a2e\u6709\u6548\u7684\u5b89\u5168\u63aa\u65bd\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u986f\u8457\u63d0\u9ad8\u7db2\u7ad9\u7684\u5b89\u5168\u6027\u3002\u901a\u904e\u5728 Nginx \u4e2d\u6b63\u78ba\u914d\u7f6e HSTS\uff0c\u7db2\u7ad9\u7ba1\u7406\u8005\u53ef\u4ee5\u4fdd\u8b77\u7528\u6236\u7684\u6578\u64da\uff0c\u9632\u6b62\u6f5b\u5728\u7684\u653b\u64ca\u3002\u96a8\u8457\u7db2\u7d61\u5b89\u5168\u5a01\u8105\u7684\u589e\u52a0\uff0c\u5be6\u65bd HSTS \u5df2\u7d93\u6210\u70ba\u6bcf\u500b\u7db2\u7ad9\u7ba1\u7406\u8005\u7684\u5fc5\u4fee\u8ab2\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u5982\u679c\u60a8\u6b63\u5728\u5c0b\u627e\u53ef\u9760\u7684 <a href=\"https:\/\/server.hk\">\u9999\u6e2f VPS<\/a> \u89e3\u6c7a\u65b9\u6848\uff0cServer.HK \u63d0\u4f9b\u591a\u7a2e\u9078\u64c7\uff0c\u5e6b\u52a9\u60a8\u8f15\u9b06\u8a2d\u7f6e\u548c\u7ba1\u7406\u60a8\u7684\u7db2\u7ad9\u5b89\u5168\u6027\u3002<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u4e86\u89e3\u5982\u4f55\u5728 Nginx \u4e2d\u8a2d\u7f6e\u56b4\u683c\u7684\u50b3\u8f38\u5b89\u5168\u982d\uff08HSTS\uff09\uff0c\u589e\u5f37\u7db2\u7ad9\u7684\u5b89\u5168\u6027\uff0c\u9632\u6b62\u4e2d\u9593\u4eba\u653b\u64ca\u3002<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[4924],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-50655","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-setup-tutorials"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/server.hk\/cnblog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/50655","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/server.hk\/cnblog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/server.hk\/cnblog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/server.hk\/cnblog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/server.hk\/cnblog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=50655"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/server.hk\/cnblog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/50655\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":50656,"href":"https:\/\/server.hk\/cnblog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/50655\/revisions\/50656"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/server.hk\/cnblog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=50655"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/server.hk\/cnblog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=50655"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/server.hk\/cnblog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=50655"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}