{"id":50513,"date":"2024-10-08T11:44:17","date_gmt":"2024-10-08T03:44:17","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/server.hk\/cnblog\/50513\/"},"modified":"2024-10-08T11:44:17","modified_gmt":"2024-10-08T03:44:17","slug":"nginx-%e5%ae%89%e5%85%a8%e7%ad%96%e7%95%a5%ef%bc%9a%e4%bd%bf%e7%94%a8%e5%ae%89%e5%85%a8%e7%9a%84%e7%b7%a8%e7%a2%bc%e5%af%a6%e8%b8%90%e9%98%b2%e6%ad%a2%e5%b8%b8%e8%a6%8b%e7%9a%84%e6%bc%8f%e6%b4%9e","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/server.hk\/cnblog\/50513\/","title":{"rendered":"Nginx \u5b89\u5168\u7b56\u7565\uff1a\u4f7f\u7528\u5b89\u5168\u7684\u7de8\u78bc\u5be6\u8e10\u9632\u6b62\u5e38\u898b\u7684\u6f0f\u6d1e"},"content":{"rendered":"<h1 id=\"nginx-%e5%ae%89%e5%85%a8%e7%ad%96%e7%95%a5%ef%bc%9a%e4%bd%bf%e7%94%a8%e5%ae%89%e5%85%a8%e7%9a%84%e7%b7%a8%e7%a2%bc%e5%af%a6%e8%b8%90%e9%98%b2%e6%ad%a2%e5%b8%b8%e8%a6%8b%e7%9a%84%e6%bc%8f%e6%b4%9e-EiLHkivFRK\">Nginx \u5b89\u5168\u7b56\u7565\uff1a\u4f7f\u7528\u5b89\u5168\u7684\u7de8\u78bc\u5be6\u8e10\u9632\u6b62\u5e38\u898b\u7684\u6f0f\u6d1e<\/h1>\n<p>Nginx \u662f\u4e00\u6b3e\u9ad8\u6548\u80fd\u7684\u7db2\u9801\u4f3a\u670d\u5668\uff0c\u5ee3\u6cdb\u61c9\u7528\u65bc\u5404\u7a2e\u7db2\u7ad9\u548c\u61c9\u7528\u7a0b\u5f0f\u4e2d\u3002\u96a8\u8457\u7db2\u8def\u5b89\u5168\u5a01\u8105\u7684\u589e\u52a0\uff0c\u78ba\u4fdd Nginx \u7684\u5b89\u5168\u6027\u8b8a\u5f97\u5c24\u70ba\u91cd\u8981\u3002\u672c\u6587\u5c07\u63a2\u8a0e\u4e00\u4e9b\u5b89\u5168\u7b56\u7565\uff0c\u4e26\u63d0\u4f9b\u5b89\u5168\u7684\u7de8\u78bc\u5be6\u8e10\uff0c\u4ee5\u9632\u6b62\u5e38\u898b\u7684\u6f0f\u6d1e\u3002<\/p>\n<h2 id=\"1-%e4%ba%86%e8%a7%a3%e5%b8%b8%e8%a6%8b%e7%9a%84%e5%ae%89%e5%85%a8%e6%bc%8f%e6%b4%9e-EiLHkivFRK\">1. \u4e86\u89e3\u5e38\u898b\u7684\u5b89\u5168\u6f0f\u6d1e<\/h2>\n<p>\u5728\u8a2d\u8a08 Nginx \u914d\u7f6e\u6642\uff0c\u9996\u5148\u9700\u8981\u4e86\u89e3\u4e00\u4e9b\u5e38\u898b\u7684\u5b89\u5168\u6f0f\u6d1e\uff0c\u5305\u62ec\uff1a<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>SQL \u6ce8\u5165\uff1a<\/strong>\u653b\u64ca\u8005\u901a\u904e\u64cd\u7e31 SQL \u67e5\u8a62\u4f86\u7372\u53d6\u672a\u7d93\u6388\u6b0a\u7684\u6578\u64da\u3002<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u8de8\u7ad9\u8173\u672c\uff08XSS\uff09\uff1a<\/strong>\u653b\u64ca\u8005\u5728\u7db2\u9801\u4e2d\u6ce8\u5165\u60e1\u610f\u8173\u672c\uff0c\u5f9e\u800c\u7aca\u53d6\u7528\u6236\u4fe1\u606f\u3002<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u8de8\u7ad9\u8acb\u6c42\u507d\u9020\uff08CSRF\uff09\uff1a<\/strong>\u653b\u64ca\u8005\u5229\u7528\u7528\u6236\u7684\u8eab\u4efd\u767c\u9001\u672a\u7d93\u6388\u6b0a\u7684\u8acb\u6c42\u3002<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u6587\u4ef6\u4e0a\u50b3\u6f0f\u6d1e\uff1a<\/strong>\u4e0d\u7576\u7684\u6587\u4ef6\u4e0a\u50b3\u8a2d\u7f6e\u53ef\u80fd\u5c0e\u81f4\u60e1\u610f\u6587\u4ef6\u88ab\u57f7\u884c\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2 id=\"2-%e4%bd%bf%e7%94%a8%e5%ae%89%e5%85%a8%e7%9a%84%e7%b7%a8%e7%a2%bc%e5%af%a6%e8%b8%90-EiLHkivFRK\">2. \u4f7f\u7528\u5b89\u5168\u7684\u7de8\u78bc\u5be6\u8e10<\/h2>\n<p>\u70ba\u4e86\u9632\u6b62\u4e0a\u8ff0\u6f0f\u6d1e\uff0c\u4ee5\u4e0b\u662f\u4e00\u4e9b\u5b89\u5168\u7684\u7de8\u78bc\u5be6\u8e10\uff1a<\/p>\n<h3 id=\"2-1-%e8%bc%b8%e5%85%a5%e9%a9%97%e8%ad%89-EiLHkivFRK\">2.1 \u8f38\u5165\u9a57\u8b49<\/h3>\n<p>\u5c0d\u6240\u6709\u7528\u6236\u8f38\u5165\u9032\u884c\u56b4\u683c\u7684\u9a57\u8b49\u662f\u9632\u6b62 SQL \u6ce8\u5165\u548c XSS \u7684\u7b2c\u4e00\u6b65\u3002\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u6b63\u5247\u8868\u9054\u5f0f\u4f86\u9650\u5236\u8f38\u5165\u683c\u5f0f\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff1a<\/p>\n<pre><code>if (!preg_match(\"\/^[a-zA-Z0-9]*$\/\", $input)) {\n    die(\"Invalid input\");\n}<\/code><\/pre>\n<h3 id=\"2-2-%e4%bd%bf%e7%94%a8%e5%8f%83%e6%95%b8%e5%8c%96%e6%9f%a5%e8%a9%a2-EiLHkivFRK\">2.2 \u4f7f\u7528\u53c3\u6578\u5316\u67e5\u8a62<\/h3>\n<p>\u5728\u8655\u7406\u6578\u64da\u5eab\u67e5\u8a62\u6642\uff0c\u4f7f\u7528\u53c3\u6578\u5316\u67e5\u8a62\u53ef\u4ee5\u6709\u6548\u9632\u6b62 SQL \u6ce8\u5165\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u4f7f\u7528 PDO \u7684\u9810\u8655\u7406\u8a9e\u53e5\uff1a<\/p>\n<pre><code>$stmt = $pdo-&gt;prepare(\"SELECT * FROM users WHERE username = :username\");\n$stmt-&gt;execute(['username' =&gt; $input]);<\/code><\/pre>\n<h3 id=\"2-3-%e9%98%b2%e7%af%84-xss-%e6%94%bb%e6%93%8a-EiLHkivFRK\">2.3 \u9632\u7bc4 XSS \u653b\u64ca<\/h3>\n<p>\u5c0d\u7528\u6236\u8f38\u5165\u9032\u884c HTML \u7de8\u78bc\uff0c\u4ee5\u9632\u6b62 XSS \u653b\u64ca\u3002\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528 PHP \u7684 htmlspecialchars \u51fd\u6578\uff1a<\/p>\n<pre><code>$safe_input = htmlspecialchars($input, ENT_QUOTES, 'UTF-8');<\/code><\/pre>\n<h3 id=\"2-4-csrf-%e9%98%b2%e8%ad%b7-EiLHkivFRK\">2.4 CSRF \u9632\u8b77<\/h3>\n<p>\u4f7f\u7528 CSRF \u4ee4\u724c\u4f86\u4fdd\u8b77\u8868\u55ae\u63d0\u4ea4\u3002\u6bcf\u6b21\u751f\u6210\u8868\u55ae\u6642\uff0c\u751f\u6210\u4e00\u500b\u96a8\u6a5f\u7684 CSRF \u4ee4\u724c\u4e26\u5c07\u5176\u5b58\u5132\u5728\u7528\u6236\u6703\u8a71\u4e2d\uff1a<\/p>\n<pre><code>$_SESSION['csrf_token'] = bin2hex(random_bytes(32));<\/code><\/pre>\n<h3 id=\"2-5-%e9%99%90%e5%88%b6%e6%96%87%e4%bb%b6%e4%b8%8a%e5%82%b3-EiLHkivFRK\">2.5 \u9650\u5236\u6587\u4ef6\u4e0a\u50b3<\/h3>\n<p>\u5c0d\u65bc\u6587\u4ef6\u4e0a\u50b3\u529f\u80fd\uff0c\u61c9\u9650\u5236\u53ef\u4e0a\u50b3\u7684\u6587\u4ef6\u985e\u578b\u548c\u5927\u5c0f\u3002\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u4ee5\u4e0b\u4ee3\u78bc\u4f86\u6aa2\u67e5\u6587\u4ef6\u985e\u578b\uff1a<\/p>\n<pre><code>if (!in_array($file['type'], ['image\/jpeg', 'image\/png'])) {\n    die(\"Invalid file type\");\n}<\/code><\/pre>\n<h2 id=\"3-nginx-%e9%85%8d%e7%bd%ae%e5%ae%89%e5%85%a8%e6%80%a7-EiLHkivFRK\">3. Nginx \u914d\u7f6e\u5b89\u5168\u6027<\/h2>\n<p>Nginx \u7684\u914d\u7f6e\u4e5f\u5c0d\u5b89\u5168\u6027\u81f3\u95dc\u91cd\u8981\u3002\u4ee5\u4e0b\u662f\u4e00\u4e9b\u5efa\u8b70\u7684\u914d\u7f6e\uff1a<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\u7981\u7528\u4e0d\u5fc5\u8981\u7684\u6a21\u7d44\u548c\u529f\u80fd\uff0c\u4ee5\u6e1b\u5c11\u6f5b\u5728\u7684\u653b\u64ca\u9762\u3002<\/li>\n<li>\u4f7f\u7528 HTTPS \u52a0\u5bc6\u50b3\u8f38\uff0c\u4fdd\u8b77\u7528\u6236\u6578\u64da\u3002<\/li>\n<li>\u8a2d\u7f6e\u9069\u7576\u7684\u6b0a\u9650\uff0c\u78ba\u4fdd Nginx \u9032\u7a0b\u53ea\u80fd\u8a2a\u554f\u5fc5\u8981\u7684\u6587\u4ef6\u548c\u76ee\u9304\u3002<\/li>\n<li>\u5b9a\u671f\u66f4\u65b0 Nginx \u7248\u672c\uff0c\u4ee5\u4fee\u88dc\u5df2\u77e5\u7684\u5b89\u5168\u6f0f\u6d1e\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2 id=\"%e7%b8%bd%e7%b5%90-EiLHkivFRK\">\u7e3d\u7d50<\/h2>\n<p>\u901a\u904e\u5be6\u65bd\u4e0a\u8ff0\u5b89\u5168\u7b56\u7565\u548c\u7de8\u78bc\u5be6\u8e10\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u6709\u6548\u9632\u6b62\u5e38\u898b\u7684\u6f0f\u6d1e\uff0c\u4fdd\u8b77 Nginx \u4f3a\u670d\u5668\u7684\u5b89\u5168\u6027\u3002\u96a8\u8457\u7db2\u8def\u5b89\u5168\u5a01\u8105\u7684\u6f14\u8b8a\uff0c\u6301\u7e8c\u5b78\u7fd2\u548c\u66f4\u65b0\u5b89\u5168\u77e5\u8b58\u662f\u6bcf\u4f4d\u958b\u767c\u8005\u7684\u8cac\u4efb\u3002\u5982\u679c\u60a8\u9700\u8981\u66f4\u9ad8\u6548\u7684\u89e3\u6c7a\u65b9\u6848\uff0c\u8003\u616e\u4f7f\u7528 <a href=\"https:\/\/server.hk\">\u9999\u6e2f VPS<\/a> \u670d\u52d9\uff0c\u78ba\u4fdd\u60a8\u7684\u7db2\u7ad9\u5728\u5b89\u5168\u548c\u6027\u80fd\u4e0a\u7684\u6700\u4f73\u8868\u73fe\u3002<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u63a2\u7d22 Nginx \u5b89\u5168\u7b56\u7565\uff0c\u5b78\u7fd2\u5982\u4f55\u901a\u904e\u5b89\u5168\u7de8\u78bc\u5be6\u8e10\u9632\u6b62\u5e38\u898b\u6f0f\u6d1e\uff0c\u4fdd\u8b77\u60a8\u7684\u7db2\u7ad9\u514d\u53d7\u653b\u64ca\u3002<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[4924],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-50513","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-setup-tutorials"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/server.hk\/cnblog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/50513","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/server.hk\/cnblog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/server.hk\/cnblog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/server.hk\/cnblog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/server.hk\/cnblog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=50513"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/server.hk\/cnblog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/50513\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":50514,"href":"https:\/\/server.hk\/cnblog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/50513\/revisions\/50514"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/server.hk\/cnblog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=50513"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/server.hk\/cnblog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=50513"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/server.hk\/cnblog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=50513"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}