{"id":50304,"date":"2024-10-08T11:25:15","date_gmt":"2024-10-08T03:25:15","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/server.hk\/cnblog\/50304\/"},"modified":"2024-10-08T11:25:15","modified_gmt":"2024-10-08T03:25:15","slug":"nginx-%e5%ae%89%e5%85%a8%e7%ad%96%e7%95%a5%ef%bc%9a%e8%a8%ad%e7%bd%ae%e5%ae%89%e5%85%a8%e7%9a%84-api-%e7%ae%a1%e7%90%86%e7%b3%bb%e7%b5%b1","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/server.hk\/cnblog\/50304\/","title":{"rendered":"Nginx \u5b89\u5168\u7b56\u7565\uff1a\u8a2d\u7f6e\u5b89\u5168\u7684 API \u7ba1\u7406\u7cfb\u7d71"},"content":{"rendered":"

Nginx \u5b89\u5168\u7b56\u7565\uff1a\u8a2d\u7f6e\u5b89\u5168\u7684 API \u7ba1\u7406\u7cfb\u7d71<\/h1>\n

\u5728\u7576\u4eca\u7684\u6578\u4f4d\u6642\u4ee3\uff0cAPI\uff08\u61c9\u7528\u7a0b\u5f0f\u4ecb\u9762\uff09\u5df2\u6210\u70ba\u61c9\u7528\u7a0b\u5f0f\u548c\u670d\u52d9\u4e4b\u9593\u4e92\u52d5\u7684\u6838\u5fc3\u3002\u7136\u800c\uff0c\u96a8\u8457API\u7684\u666e\u53ca\uff0c\u5b89\u5168\u6027\u554f\u984c\u4e5f\u65e5\u76ca\u51f8\u986f\u3002Nginx\u4f5c\u70ba\u4e00\u500b\u9ad8\u6548\u7684\u7db2\u9801\u4f3a\u670d\u5668\u548c\u53cd\u5411\u4ee3\u7406\u4f3a\u670d\u5668\uff0c\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u591a\u7a2e\u529f\u80fd\u4f86\u52a0\u5f37API\u7684\u5b89\u5168\u6027\u3002\u672c\u6587\u5c07\u63a2\u8a0e\u5982\u4f55\u5229\u7528Nginx\u8a2d\u7f6e\u4e00\u500b\u5b89\u5168\u7684API\u7ba1\u7406\u7cfb\u7d71\u3002<\/p>\n

1. \u70ba\u4ec0\u9ebc\u9078\u64c7Nginx\u4f5c\u70baAPI\u4f3a\u670d\u5668<\/h2>\n

Nginx\u4ee5\u5176\u9ad8\u6548\u80fd\u548c\u4f4e\u8cc7\u6e90\u6d88\u8017\u800c\u805e\u540d\uff0c\u7279\u5225\u9069\u5408\u8655\u7406\u5927\u91cf\u7684\u4e26\u767c\u8acb\u6c42\u3002\u5b83\u7684\u4e8b\u4ef6\u9a45\u52d5\u67b6\u69cb\u4f7f\u5176\u80fd\u5920\u5728\u9ad8\u6d41\u91cf\u74b0\u5883\u4e2d\u4fdd\u6301\u7a69\u5b9a\u3002\u6b64\u5916\uff0cNginx\u9084\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u591a\u7a2e\u5b89\u5168\u529f\u80fd\uff0c\u5982SSL\/TLS\u52a0\u5bc6\u3001IP\u904e\u6ffe\u548c\u901f\u7387\u9650\u5236\u7b49\uff0c\u9019\u4e9b\u90fd\u80fd\u6709\u6548\u4fdd\u8b77API\u7684\u5b89\u5168\u6027\u3002<\/p>\n

2. \u8a2d\u7f6eSSL\/TLS\u52a0\u5bc6<\/h2>\n

\u70ba\u4e86\u4fdd\u8b77API\u7684\u6578\u64da\u50b3\u8f38\uff0c\u4f7f\u7528SSL\/TLS\u52a0\u5bc6\u662f\u5fc5\u4e0d\u53ef\u5c11\u7684\u3002\u4ee5\u4e0b\u662f\u5982\u4f55\u5728Nginx\u4e2d\u8a2d\u7f6eSSL\u7684\u57fa\u672c\u6b65\u9a5f\uff1a<\/p>\n

server {\n    listen 443 ssl;\n    server_name yourdomain.com;\n\n    ssl_certificate \/path\/to\/your\/certificate.crt;\n    ssl_certificate_key \/path\/to\/your\/private.key;\n\n    location \/api {\n        proxy_pass http:\/\/backend_server;\n    }\n}<\/code><\/pre>\n
\u9019\u6bb5\u914d\u7f6e\u5c07\u6703\u5728443\u7aef\u53e3\u4e0a\u555f\u7528SSL\uff0c\u4e26\u5c07\u6240\u6709\u5c0d\/api\u7684\u8acb\u6c42\u8f49\u767c\u5230\u5f8c\u7aef\u4f3a\u670d\u5668\u3002<\/p>\n
3. IP\u904e\u6ffe<\/h2>\n
\u901a\u904e\u9650\u5236\u53ef\u4ee5\u8a2a\u554fAPI\u7684IP\u5730\u5740\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u6709\u6548\u6e1b\u5c11\u6f5b\u5728\u7684\u653b\u64ca\u9762\u3002\u4ee5\u4e0b\u662f\u5982\u4f55\u5728Nginx\u4e2d\u8a2d\u7f6eIP\u904e\u6ffe\u7684\u793a\u4f8b\uff1a<\/p>\n
location \/api {\n    allow 192.168.1.0\/24;  # \u5141\u8a31\u5167\u90e8\u7db2\u7d61\n    deny all;              # \u62d2\u7d55\u6240\u6709\u5176\u4ed6\u8acb\u6c42\n}<\/code><\/pre>\n
\u9019\u6bb5\u914d\u7f6e\u5c07\u53ea\u5141\u8a31\u4f86\u81ea192.168.1.0\/24\u7db2\u6bb5\u7684\u8acb\u6c42\uff0c\u5176\u4ed6\u6240\u6709\u8acb\u6c42\u5c07\u88ab\u62d2\u7d55\u3002<\/p>\n
4. \u901f\u7387\u9650\u5236<\/h2>\n
\u70ba\u4e86\u9632\u6b62DDoS\u653b\u64ca\u6216\u6feb\u7528API\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u901f\u7387\u9650\u5236\u4f86\u63a7\u5236\u8acb\u6c42\u7684\u983b\u7387\u3002\u4ee5\u4e0b\u662f\u5982\u4f55\u5728Nginx\u4e2d\u8a2d\u7f6e\u901f\u7387\u9650\u5236\u7684\u793a\u4f8b\uff1a<\/p>\n
http {\n    limit_req_zone $binary_remote_addr zone=one:10m rate=1r\/s;\n\n    server {\n        location \/api {\n            limit_req zone=one burst=5;\n            proxy_pass http:\/\/backend_server;\n        }\n    }\n}<\/code><\/pre>\n
\u9019\u6bb5\u914d\u7f6e\u5c07\u9650\u5236\u6bcf\u500bIP\u5730\u5740\u6bcf\u79d2\u53ea\u80fd\u767c\u9001\u4e00\u500b\u8acb\u6c42\uff0c\u4e26\u5141\u8a31\u6700\u591a5\u500b\u7a81\u767c\u8acb\u6c42\u3002<\/p>\n
5. \u4f7f\u7528JWT\u9032\u884c\u8eab\u4efd\u9a57\u8b49<\/h2>\n
JSON Web Tokens\uff08JWT\uff09\u662f\u4e00\u7a2e\u5e38\u7528\u7684\u8eab\u4efd\u9a57\u8b49\u6a5f\u5236\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u6709\u6548\u5730\u4fdd\u8b77API\u3002\u4ee5\u4e0b\u662f\u5982\u4f55\u5728Nginx\u4e2d\u4f7f\u7528JWT\u9032\u884c\u8eab\u4efd\u9a57\u8b49\u7684\u57fa\u672c\u601d\u8def\uff1a<\/p>\n
location \/api {\n    auth_jwt \"Protected API\";\n    auth_jwt_key_file \/path\/to\/jwt\/public.key;\n    proxy_pass http:\/\/backend_server;\n}<\/code><\/pre>\n
\u9019\u6bb5\u914d\u7f6e\u5c07\u8981\u6c42\u6240\u6709\u5c0d\/api\u7684\u8acb\u6c42\u90fd\u5fc5\u9808\u63d0\u4f9b\u6709\u6548\u7684JWT\uff0c\u5426\u5247\u5c07\u88ab\u62d2\u7d55\u3002<\/p>\n
\u7e3d\u7d50<\/h2>\n
\u901a\u904e\u4ee5\u4e0a\u5e7e\u500b\u6b65\u9a5f\uff0c\u6211\u5011\u53ef\u4ee5\u5229\u7528Nginx\u8a2d\u7f6e\u4e00\u500b\u5b89\u5168\u7684API\u7ba1\u7406\u7cfb\u7d71\u3002\u5f9eSSL\/TLS\u52a0\u5bc6\u5230IP\u904e\u6ffe\u3001\u901f\u7387\u9650\u5236\u548cJWT\u8eab\u4efd\u9a57\u8b49\uff0c\u9019\u4e9b\u63aa\u65bd\u90fd\u80fd\u6709\u6548\u63d0\u9ad8API\u7684\u5b89\u5168\u6027\u3002\u5c0d\u65bc\u9700\u8981\u9ad8\u6548\u80fd\u548c\u5b89\u5168\u6027\u7684\u61c9\u7528\uff0c\u9078\u64c7\u5408\u9069\u7684\u4f3a\u670d\u5668\u67b6\u69cb\u81f3\u95dc\u91cd\u8981\u3002\u82e5\u60a8\u6b63\u5728\u5c0b\u627e\u53ef\u9760\u7684 \u9999\u6e2fVPS<\/a> \u89e3\u6c7a\u65b9\u6848\uff0cServer.HK\u63d0\u4f9b\u591a\u7a2e\u9078\u64c7\uff0c\u5e6b\u52a9\u60a8\u69cb\u5efa\u5b89\u5168\u7684API\u7ba1\u7406\u7cfb\u7d71\u3002<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
\u63a2\u7d22 Nginx \u5b89\u5168\u7b56\u7565\uff0c\u5b78\u7fd2\u5982\u4f55\u8a2d\u7f6e\u5b89\u5168\u7684 API \u7ba1\u7406\u7cfb\u7d71\uff0c\u4fdd\u8b77\u60a8\u7684\u61c9\u7528\u7a0b\u5f0f\u514d\u53d7\u6f5b\u5728\u5a01\u8105\u3002<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[4924],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-50304","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-setup-tutorials"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/server.hk\/cnblog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/50304","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/server.hk\/cnblog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/server.hk\/cnblog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/server.hk\/cnblog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/server.hk\/cnblog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=50304"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/server.hk\/cnblog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/50304\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":50305,"href":"https:\/\/server.hk\/cnblog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/50304\/revisions\/50305"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/server.hk\/cnblog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=50304"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/server.hk\/cnblog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=50304"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/server.hk\/cnblog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=50304"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}