{"id":50288,"date":"2024-10-08T11:18:14","date_gmt":"2024-10-08T03:18:14","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/server.hk\/cnblog\/50288\/"},"modified":"2024-10-08T11:18:14","modified_gmt":"2024-10-08T03:18:14","slug":"nginx-%e5%ae%89%e5%85%a8%e7%ad%96%e7%95%a5%ef%bc%9a%e5%b0%8d%e7%89%b9%e5%ae%9a%e6%87%89%e7%94%a8%e7%a8%8b%e5%ba%8f%e4%bd%bf%e7%94%a8%e6%87%89%e7%94%a8%e7%a8%8b%e5%ba%8f%e9%98%b2%e7%81%ab%e7%89%86","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/server.hk\/cnblog\/50288\/","title":{"rendered":"Nginx \u5b89\u5168\u7b56\u7565\uff1a\u5c0d\u7279\u5b9a\u61c9\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\u4f7f\u7528\u61c9\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\u9632\u706b\u7246"},"content":{"rendered":"<h1 id=\"nginx-%e5%ae%89%e5%85%a8%e7%ad%96%e7%95%a5%ef%bc%9a%e5%b0%8d%e7%89%b9%e5%ae%9a%e6%87%89%e7%94%a8%e7%a8%8b%e5%ba%8f%e4%bd%bf%e7%94%a8%e6%87%89%e7%94%a8%e7%a8%8b%e5%ba%8f%e9%98%b2%e7%81%ab%e7%89%86-cKuhjLdhFF\">Nginx \u5b89\u5168\u7b56\u7565\uff1a\u5c0d\u7279\u5b9a\u61c9\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\u4f7f\u7528\u61c9\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\u9632\u706b\u7246<\/h1>\n<p>Nginx \u4f5c\u70ba\u4e00\u500b\u9ad8\u6548\u80fd\u7684\u7db2\u9801\u4f3a\u670d\u5668\u548c\u53cd\u5411\u4ee3\u7406\u4f3a\u670d\u5668\uff0c\u5ee3\u6cdb\u61c9\u7528\u65bc\u5404\u7a2e\u7db2\u7ad9\u548c\u61c9\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\u4e2d\u3002\u96a8\u8457\u7db2\u7d61\u5b89\u5168\u5a01\u8105\u7684\u65e5\u76ca\u589e\u52a0\uff0c\u5c0d\u65bc Nginx \u7684\u5b89\u5168\u914d\u7f6e\u8b8a\u5f97\u5c24\u70ba\u91cd\u8981\u3002\u672c\u6587\u5c07\u63a2\u8a0e\u5982\u4f55\u5229\u7528\u61c9\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\u9632\u706b\u7246\uff08WAF\uff09\u4f86\u52a0\u5f37 Nginx \u7684\u5b89\u5168\u6027\uff0c\u7279\u5225\u662f\u91dd\u5c0d\u7279\u5b9a\u61c9\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\u7684\u9632\u8b77\u7b56\u7565\u3002<\/p>\n<h2 id=\"%e4%bb%80%e9%ba%bc%e6%98%af%e6%87%89%e7%94%a8%e7%a8%8b%e5%ba%8f%e9%98%b2%e7%81%ab%e7%89%86%ef%bc%88waf%ef%bc%89%ef%bc%9f-cKuhjLdhFF\">\u4ec0\u9ebc\u662f\u61c9\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\u9632\u706b\u7246\uff08WAF\uff09\uff1f<\/h2>\n<p>\u61c9\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\u9632\u706b\u7246\uff08WAF\uff09\u662f\u4e00\u7a2e\u5c08\u9580\u8a2d\u8a08\u7528\u4f86\u76e3\u63a7\u548c\u904e\u6ffe\u9032\u51fa\u61c9\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\u7684 HTTP \u6d41\u91cf\u7684\u5b89\u5168\u8a2d\u5099\u3002\u5b83\u80fd\u5920\u8b58\u5225\u548c\u963b\u6b62\u5404\u7a2e\u7db2\u7d61\u653b\u64ca\uff0c\u5982 SQL \u6ce8\u5165\u3001\u8de8\u7ad9\u8173\u672c\uff08XSS\uff09\u548c\u5176\u4ed6\u5e38\u898b\u7684\u6f0f\u6d1e\u3002WAF \u901a\u5e38\u90e8\u7f72\u5728\u61c9\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\u548c\u7528\u6236\u4e4b\u9593\uff0c\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u4e00\u5c64\u984d\u5916\u7684\u5b89\u5168\u9632\u8b77\u3002<\/p>\n<h2 id=\"nginx-%e8%88%87-waf-%e7%9a%84%e6%95%b4%e5%90%88-cKuhjLdhFF\">Nginx \u8207 WAF \u7684\u6574\u5408<\/h2>\n<p>\u5728 Nginx \u4e2d\u6574\u5408 WAF \u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u904e\u591a\u7a2e\u65b9\u5f0f\u5be6\u73fe\u3002\u6700\u5e38\u898b\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u662f\u4f7f\u7528\u7b2c\u4e09\u65b9\u6a21\u7d44\uff0c\u5982 ModSecurity\u3002\u9019\u662f\u4e00\u500b\u958b\u6e90\u7684 WAF\uff0c\u80fd\u5920\u8207 Nginx \u7121\u7e2b\u96c6\u6210\uff0c\u63d0\u4f9b\u5f37\u5927\u7684\u5b89\u5168\u529f\u80fd\u3002<\/p>\n<h3 id=\"%e5%ae%89%e8%a3%9d-modsecurity-cKuhjLdhFF\">\u5b89\u88dd ModSecurity<\/h3>\n<p>\u8981\u5728 Nginx \u4e2d\u4f7f\u7528 ModSecurity\uff0c\u9996\u5148\u9700\u8981\u5b89\u88dd\u5b83\u3002\u4ee5\u4e0b\u662f\u5b89\u88dd\u7684\u57fa\u672c\u6b65\u9a5f\uff1a<\/p>\n<pre><code>sudo apt-get install libapache2-mod-security2\nsudo apt-get install nginx-extras\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\u5b89\u88dd\u5b8c\u6210\u5f8c\uff0c\u60a8\u9700\u8981\u555f\u7528 ModSecurity \u6a21\u7d44\uff1a<\/p>\n<pre><code>sudo ln -s \/etc\/modsecurity\/modsecurity.conf-recommended \/etc\/modsecurity\/modsecurity.conf\nsudo systemctl restart nginx\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<h3 id=\"%e9%85%8d%e7%bd%ae-modsecurity-cKuhjLdhFF\">\u914d\u7f6e ModSecurity<\/h3>\n<p>\u5728\u914d\u7f6e ModSecurity \u6642\uff0c\u60a8\u53ef\u4ee5\u6839\u64da\u7279\u5b9a\u61c9\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\u7684\u9700\u6c42\u4f86\u8abf\u6574\u898f\u5247\u3002\u4ee5\u4e0b\u662f\u4e00\u500b\u57fa\u672c\u7684\u914d\u7f6e\u7bc4\u4f8b\uff1a<\/p>\n<pre><code>SecRuleEngine On\nSecRequestBodyAccess On\nSecResponseBodyAccess Off\nSecRule REQUEST_HEADERS:User-Agent \"BadBot\" \"id:1001,phase:1,deny,status:403\"\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\u9019\u6bb5\u914d\u7f6e\u5c07\u6703\u963b\u6b62\u4f86\u81ea\u7279\u5b9a User-Agent \u7684\u8acb\u6c42\uff0c\u4e26\u8fd4\u56de 403 \u932f\u8aa4\u78bc\u3002<\/p>\n<h2 id=\"%e9%87%9d%e5%b0%8d%e7%89%b9%e5%ae%9a%e6%87%89%e7%94%a8%e7%a8%8b%e5%ba%8f%e7%9a%84%e5%ae%89%e5%85%a8%e7%ad%96%e7%95%a5-cKuhjLdhFF\">\u91dd\u5c0d\u7279\u5b9a\u61c9\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\u7684\u5b89\u5168\u7b56\u7565<\/h2>\n<p>\u5728\u91dd\u5c0d\u7279\u5b9a\u61c9\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\u4f7f\u7528 WAF \u6642\uff0c\u60a8\u53ef\u4ee5\u6839\u64da\u61c9\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\u7684\u7279\u6027\u4f86\u5236\u5b9a\u76f8\u61c9\u7684\u5b89\u5168\u7b56\u7565\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u5c0d\u65bc\u96fb\u5b50\u5546\u52d9\u7db2\u7ad9\uff0c\u60a8\u53ef\u80fd\u9700\u8981\u7279\u5225\u95dc\u6ce8\u652f\u4ed8\u4fe1\u606f\u7684\u5b89\u5168\u6027\uff0c\u4e26\u52a0\u5f37\u5c0d SQL \u6ce8\u5165\u653b\u64ca\u7684\u9632\u8b77\u3002<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>\u52a0\u5f37\u8f38\u5165\u9a57\u8b49\uff1a<\/strong>\u78ba\u4fdd\u6240\u6709\u7528\u6236\u8f38\u5165\u90fd\u7d93\u904e\u56b4\u683c\u7684\u9a57\u8b49\uff0c\u907f\u514d\u4e0d\u5408\u6cd5\u7684\u6578\u64da\u9032\u5165\u7cfb\u7d71\u3002<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u4f7f\u7528 HTTPS\uff1a<\/strong>\u78ba\u4fdd\u6240\u6709\u7684\u6578\u64da\u50b3\u8f38\u90fd\u4f7f\u7528 HTTPS \u52a0\u5bc6\uff0c\u4fdd\u8b77\u7528\u6236\u7684\u654f\u611f\u4fe1\u606f\u3002<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u5b9a\u671f\u66f4\u65b0\u898f\u5247\uff1a<\/strong>\u4fdd\u6301 WAF \u898f\u5247\u7684\u6700\u65b0\u72c0\u614b\uff0c\u4ee5\u9632\u6b62\u65b0\u578b\u653b\u64ca\u7684\u5a01\u8105\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2 id=\"%e7%b5%90%e8%ab%96-cKuhjLdhFF\">\u7d50\u8ad6<\/h2>\n<p>\u5728\u7576\u4eca\u7684\u7db2\u7d61\u74b0\u5883\u4e2d\uff0c\u5c0d\u65bc Nginx \u7684\u5b89\u5168\u914d\u7f6e\u81f3\u95dc\u91cd\u8981\u3002\u901a\u904e\u6574\u5408\u61c9\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\u9632\u706b\u7246\uff08WAF\uff09\uff0c\u7279\u5225\u662f\u91dd\u5c0d\u7279\u5b9a\u61c9\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\u7684\u9700\u6c42\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u986f\u8457\u63d0\u9ad8\u7cfb\u7d71\u7684\u5b89\u5168\u6027\u3002\u7121\u8ad6\u662f\u96fb\u5b50\u5546\u52d9\u7db2\u7ad9\u9084\u662f\u5167\u5bb9\u7ba1\u7406\u7cfb\u7d71\uff0c\u9069\u7576\u7684\u5b89\u5168\u7b56\u7565\u90fd\u80fd\u6709\u6548\u9632\u6b62\u6f5b\u5728\u7684\u653b\u64ca\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u5982\u9700\u4e86\u89e3\u66f4\u591a\u6709\u95dc <a href=\"https:\/\/server.hk\">\u9999\u6e2f VPS<\/a> \u548c\u5176\u4ed6\u4f3a\u670d\u5668\u89e3\u6c7a\u65b9\u6848\u7684\u4fe1\u606f\uff0c\u8acb\u8a2a\u554f\u6211\u5011\u7684\u7db2\u7ad9\u3002<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u63a2\u7d22 Nginx \u5b89\u5168\u7b56\u7565\uff0c\u4e86\u89e3\u5982\u4f55\u70ba\u7279\u5b9a\u61c9\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\u914d\u7f6e\u61c9\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\u9632\u706b\u7246\u4ee5\u589e\u5f37\u5b89\u5168\u6027\u548c\u9632\u8b77\u3002<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[4924],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-50288","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-setup-tutorials"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/server.hk\/cnblog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/50288","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/server.hk\/cnblog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/server.hk\/cnblog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/server.hk\/cnblog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/server.hk\/cnblog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=50288"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/server.hk\/cnblog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/50288\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":50289,"href":"https:\/\/server.hk\/cnblog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/50288\/revisions\/50289"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/server.hk\/cnblog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=50288"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/server.hk\/cnblog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=50288"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/server.hk\/cnblog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=50288"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}