{"id":49948,"date":"2024-10-08T08:50:15","date_gmt":"2024-10-08T00:50:15","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/server.hk\/cnblog\/49948\/"},"modified":"2024-10-08T08:50:15","modified_gmt":"2024-10-08T00:50:15","slug":"nginx-%e6%8a%80%e5%b7%a7%ef%bc%9a%e4%bd%bf%e7%94%a8-nginx-%e5%af%a6%e7%8f%be-web-%e6%87%89%e7%94%a8%e9%98%b2%e7%81%ab%e7%89%86%ef%bc%88waf%ef%bc%89","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/server.hk\/cnblog\/49948\/","title":{"rendered":"Nginx \u6280\u5de7\uff1a\u4f7f\u7528 Nginx \u5be6\u73fe Web \u61c9\u7528\u9632\u706b\u7246\uff08WAF\uff09"},"content":{"rendered":"<h1 id=\"nginx-%e6%8a%80%e5%b7%a7%ef%bc%9a%e4%bd%bf%e7%94%a8-nginx-%e5%af%a6%e7%8f%be-web-%e6%87%89%e7%94%a8%e9%98%b2%e7%81%ab%e7%89%86%ef%bc%88waf%ef%bc%89-kDKgfggDdq\">Nginx \u6280\u5de7\uff1a\u4f7f\u7528 Nginx \u5be6\u73fe Web \u61c9\u7528\u9632\u706b\u7246\uff08WAF\uff09<\/h1>\n<p>\u5728\u7576\u4eca\u7684\u7db2\u7d61\u74b0\u5883\u4e2d\uff0c\u7db2\u7d61\u5b89\u5168\u5df2\u6210\u70ba\u6bcf\u500b\u7db2\u7ad9\u7ba1\u7406\u8005\u5fc5\u9808\u91cd\u8996\u7684\u8ab2\u984c\u3002\u96a8\u8457\u7db2\u7d61\u653b\u64ca\u624b\u6bb5\u7684\u65e5\u76ca\u589e\u591a\uff0c\u50b3\u7d71\u7684\u5b89\u5168\u63aa\u65bd\u5df2\u7121\u6cd5\u6eff\u8db3\u9700\u6c42\u3002Web \u61c9\u7528\u9632\u706b\u7246\uff08WAF\uff09\u4f5c\u70ba\u4e00\u7a2e\u6709\u6548\u7684\u9632\u8b77\u624b\u6bb5\uff0c\u80fd\u5920\u5e6b\u52a9\u7db2\u7ad9\u62b5\u79a6\u5404\u7a2e\u653b\u64ca\u3002\u672c\u6587\u5c07\u63a2\u8a0e\u5982\u4f55\u5229\u7528 Nginx \u5be6\u73fe WAF\uff0c\u4e26\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e00\u4e9b\u5be6\u7528\u7684\u6280\u5de7\u548c\u7bc4\u4f8b\u3002<\/p>\n<h2 id=\"%e4%bb%80%e9%ba%bc%e6%98%af-web-%e6%87%89%e7%94%a8%e9%98%b2%e7%81%ab%e7%89%86%ef%bc%88waf%ef%bc%89%ef%bc%9f-kDKgfggDdq\">\u4ec0\u9ebc\u662f Web \u61c9\u7528\u9632\u706b\u7246\uff08WAF\uff09\uff1f<\/h2>\n<p>Web \u61c9\u7528\u9632\u706b\u7246\uff08WAF\uff09\u662f\u4e00\u7a2e\u5c08\u9580\u8a2d\u8a08\u7528\u4f86\u4fdd\u8b77 Web \u61c9\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\u7684\u5b89\u5168\u8a2d\u5099\u6216\u8edf\u4ef6\u3002\u5b83\u901a\u904e\u76e3\u63a7\u548c\u904e\u6ffe HTTP \u8acb\u6c42\u4f86\u9632\u6b62\u5e38\u898b\u7684\u653b\u64ca\uff0c\u5982 SQL \u6ce8\u5165\u3001\u8de8\u7ad9\u8173\u672c\uff08XSS\uff09\u548c\u5176\u4ed6 OWASP Top 10 \u5a01\u8105\u3002WAF \u53ef\u4ee5\u90e8\u7f72\u5728\u7db2\u7d61\u908a\u7de3\uff0c\u4e26\u8207 Web \u4f3a\u670d\u5668\u5354\u540c\u5de5\u4f5c\uff0c\u63d0\u4f9b\u984d\u5916\u7684\u5b89\u5168\u5c64\u3002<\/p>\n<h2 id=\"nginx-%e4%bd%9c%e7%82%ba-waf-%e7%9a%84%e5%84%aa%e5%8b%a2-kDKgfggDdq\">Nginx \u4f5c\u70ba WAF \u7684\u512a\u52e2<\/h2>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>\u9ad8\u6548\u80fd\uff1a<\/strong>Nginx \u4ee5\u5176\u9ad8\u6548\u7684\u4e8b\u4ef6\u9a45\u52d5\u67b6\u69cb\u8457\u7a31\uff0c\u80fd\u5920\u8655\u7406\u5927\u91cf\u7684\u4e26\u767c\u9023\u63a5\uff0c\u9069\u5408\u7528\u65bc\u9ad8\u6d41\u91cf\u7684\u7db2\u7ad9\u3002<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u9748\u6d3b\u6027\uff1a<\/strong>Nginx \u7684\u914d\u7f6e\u6587\u4ef6\u7c21\u55ae\u6613\u61c2\uff0c\u5141\u8a31\u7528\u6236\u6839\u64da\u9700\u6c42\u9032\u884c\u9748\u6d3b\u7684\u914d\u7f6e\u3002<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u64f4\u5c55\u6027\uff1a<\/strong>Nginx \u652f\u6301\u591a\u7a2e\u6a21\u7d44\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u904e\u6dfb\u52a0\u7b2c\u4e09\u65b9\u6a21\u7d44\u4f86\u589e\u5f37\u5176\u529f\u80fd\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2 id=\"%e5%a6%82%e4%bd%95%e4%bd%bf%e7%94%a8-nginx-%e5%af%a6%e7%8f%be-waf-kDKgfggDdq\">\u5982\u4f55\u4f7f\u7528 Nginx \u5be6\u73fe WAF<\/h2>\n<p>\u4ee5\u4e0b\u662f\u4e00\u4e9b\u4f7f\u7528 Nginx \u5be6\u73fe WAF \u7684\u57fa\u672c\u6b65\u9a5f\u548c\u6280\u5de7\uff1a<\/p>\n<h3 id=\"1-%e5%ae%89%e8%a3%9d-nginx-kDKgfggDdq\">1. \u5b89\u88dd Nginx<\/h3>\n<p>\u9996\u5148\uff0c\u78ba\u4fdd\u4f60\u7684\u4f3a\u670d\u5668\u4e0a\u5df2\u5b89\u88dd Nginx\u3002\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u4ee5\u4e0b\u547d\u4ee4\u9032\u884c\u5b89\u88dd\uff1a<\/p>\n<pre><code>sudo apt update\nsudo apt install nginx<\/code><\/pre>\n<h3 id=\"2-%e9%85%8d%e7%bd%ae%e5%9f%ba%e6%9c%ac%e7%9a%84%e5%ae%89%e5%85%a8%e8%a6%8f%e5%89%87-kDKgfggDdq\">2. \u914d\u7f6e\u57fa\u672c\u7684\u5b89\u5168\u898f\u5247<\/h3>\n<p>\u5728 Nginx \u7684\u914d\u7f6e\u6587\u4ef6\u4e2d\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u6dfb\u52a0\u4e00\u4e9b\u57fa\u672c\u7684\u5b89\u5168\u898f\u5247\u4f86\u904e\u6ffe\u4e0d\u826f\u8acb\u6c42\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u4ee5\u4e0b\u914d\u7f6e\u53ef\u4ee5\u963b\u6b62\u67d0\u4e9b\u5e38\u898b\u7684\u653b\u64ca\u6a21\u5f0f\uff1a<\/p>\n<pre><code>server {\n    listen 80;\n    server_name example.com;\n\n    location \/ {\n        # \u963b\u6b62 SQL \u6ce8\u5165\n        if ($query_string ~* \"union.*select.*(\") {\n            return 403;\n        }\n\n        # \u963b\u6b62 XSS \u653b\u64ca\n        if ($http_referer ~* \"evil.com\") {\n            return 403;\n        }\n\n        # \u5176\u4ed6\u914d\u7f6e...\n    }\n}<\/code><\/pre>\n<h3 id=\"3-%e4%bd%bf%e7%94%a8%e7%ac%ac%e4%b8%89%e6%96%b9%e6%a8%a1%e7%b5%84-kDKgfggDdq\">3. \u4f7f\u7528\u7b2c\u4e09\u65b9\u6a21\u7d44<\/h3>\n<p>Nginx \u652f\u6301\u591a\u7a2e\u7b2c\u4e09\u65b9\u6a21\u7d44\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u9032\u4e00\u6b65\u589e\u5f37 WAF \u7684\u529f\u80fd\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0cModSecurity \u662f\u4e00\u500b\u6d41\u884c\u7684\u958b\u6e90 WAF\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u8207 Nginx \u96c6\u6210\u3002\u5b89\u88dd ModSecurity \u5f8c\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u5176\u898f\u5247\u96c6\u4f86\u4fdd\u8b77\u4f60\u7684\u61c9\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\u3002<\/p>\n<h4 id=\"%e5%ae%89%e8%a3%9d-modsecurity-%e7%9a%84%e5%9f%ba%e6%9c%ac%e6%ad%a5%e9%a9%9f%ef%bc%9a-kDKgfggDdq\">\u5b89\u88dd ModSecurity \u7684\u57fa\u672c\u6b65\u9a5f\uff1a<\/h4>\n<pre><code>sudo apt install libnginx-mod-http-modsecurity\nsudo systemctl restart nginx<\/code><\/pre>\n<h4 id=\"%e9%85%8d%e7%bd%ae-modsecurity%ef%bc%9a-kDKgfggDdq\">\u914d\u7f6e ModSecurity\uff1a<\/h4>\n<p>\u5728 Nginx \u914d\u7f6e\u6587\u4ef6\u4e2d\u6dfb\u52a0\u4ee5\u4e0b\u5167\u5bb9\uff1a<\/p>\n<pre><code>ModSecurity on;\nModSecurityRulesFile \/etc\/nginx\/modsec\/main.conf;<\/code><\/pre>\n<h3 id=\"4-%e7%9b%a3%e6%8e%a7%e5%92%8c%e6%97%a5%e8%aa%8c%e8%a8%98%e9%8c%84-kDKgfggDdq\">4. \u76e3\u63a7\u548c\u65e5\u8a8c\u8a18\u9304<\/h3>\n<p>\u70ba\u4e86\u78ba\u4fdd WAF \u7684\u6709\u6548\u6027\uff0c\u5b9a\u671f\u76e3\u63a7\u548c\u5206\u6790\u65e5\u8a8c\u662f\u5fc5\u4e0d\u53ef\u5c11\u7684\u3002Nginx \u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u8a73\u7d30\u7684\u8a2a\u554f\u65e5\u8a8c\u548c\u932f\u8aa4\u65e5\u8a8c\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u5e6b\u52a9\u4f60\u8b58\u5225\u6f5b\u5728\u7684\u5b89\u5168\u5a01\u8105\u3002<\/p>\n<h2 id=\"%e7%b8%bd%e7%b5%90-kDKgfggDdq\">\u7e3d\u7d50<\/h2>\n<p>\u4f7f\u7528 Nginx \u5be6\u73fe Web \u61c9\u7528\u9632\u706b\u7246\uff08WAF\uff09\u662f\u4e00\u7a2e\u6709\u6548\u7684\u4fdd\u8b77\u7db2\u7ad9\u5b89\u5168\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\u3002\u901a\u904e\u914d\u7f6e\u57fa\u672c\u7684\u5b89\u5168\u898f\u5247\u3001\u4f7f\u7528\u7b2c\u4e09\u65b9\u6a21\u7d44\u4ee5\u53ca\u5b9a\u671f\u76e3\u63a7\u65e5\u8a8c\uff0c\u7db2\u7ad9\u7ba1\u7406\u8005\u53ef\u4ee5\u986f\u8457\u63d0\u9ad8\u7db2\u7ad9\u7684\u5b89\u5168\u6027\u3002\u5c0d\u65bc\u9700\u8981\u9ad8\u6548\u80fd\u548c\u9748\u6d3b\u6027\u7684\u7db2\u7ad9\uff0cNginx \u662f\u4e00\u500b\u7406\u60f3\u7684\u9078\u64c7\u3002\u5982\u679c\u4f60\u6b63\u5728\u5c0b\u627e\u53ef\u9760\u7684 <a href=\"https:\/\/server.hk\">\u9999\u6e2f VPS<\/a> \u89e3\u6c7a\u65b9\u6848\uff0cServer.HK \u63d0\u4f9b\u591a\u7a2e\u9078\u64c7\uff0c\u5e6b\u52a9\u4f60\u8f15\u9b06\u90e8\u7f72\u548c\u7ba1\u7406\u4f60\u7684 Web \u61c9\u7528\u3002<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u63a2\u7d22\u5982\u4f55\u4f7f\u7528 Nginx \u5be6\u73fe Web \u61c9\u7528\u9632\u706b\u7246\uff08WAF\uff09\uff0c\u589e\u5f37\u7db2\u7ad9\u5b89\u5168\u6027\uff0c\u9632\u6b62\u653b\u64ca\u548c\u6578\u64da\u6d29\u9732\u3002<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[4924],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-49948","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-setup-tutorials"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/server.hk\/cnblog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/49948","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/server.hk\/cnblog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/server.hk\/cnblog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/server.hk\/cnblog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/server.hk\/cnblog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=49948"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/server.hk\/cnblog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/49948\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":49949,"href":"https:\/\/server.hk\/cnblog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/49948\/revisions\/49949"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/server.hk\/cnblog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=49948"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/server.hk\/cnblog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=49948"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/server.hk\/cnblog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=49948"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}