{"id":49746,"date":"2024-10-08T07:09:17","date_gmt":"2024-10-07T23:09:17","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/server.hk\/cnblog\/49746\/"},"modified":"2024-10-08T07:09:17","modified_gmt":"2024-10-07T23:09:17","slug":"nginx-%e6%8a%80%e5%b7%a7%ef%bc%9a%e9%85%8d%e7%bd%ae%e8%87%aa%e5%ae%9a%e7%be%a9%e6%97%a5%e8%aa%8c%e6%a0%bc%e5%bc%8f%e8%88%87-log_format","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/server.hk\/cnblog\/49746\/","title":{"rendered":"Nginx \u6280\u5de7\uff1a\u914d\u7f6e\u81ea\u5b9a\u7fa9\u65e5\u8a8c\u683c\u5f0f\u8207 log_format"},"content":{"rendered":"<h1 id=\"nginx-%e6%8a%80%e5%b7%a7%ef%bc%9a%e9%85%8d%e7%bd%ae%e8%87%aa%e5%ae%9a%e7%be%a9%e6%97%a5%e8%aa%8c%e6%a0%bc%e5%bc%8f%e8%88%87-log_format-IdxfPdBpOm\">Nginx \u6280\u5de7\uff1a\u914d\u7f6e\u81ea\u5b9a\u7fa9\u65e5\u8a8c\u683c\u5f0f\u8207 log_format<\/h1>\n<p>Nginx \u662f\u4e00\u6b3e\u9ad8\u6548\u80fd\u7684\u7db2\u9801\u4f3a\u670d\u5668\uff0c\u5ee3\u6cdb\u61c9\u7528\u65bc\u5404\u7a2e\u7db2\u7ad9\u548c\u61c9\u7528\u7a0b\u5f0f\u4e2d\u3002\u5176\u9748\u6d3b\u7684\u914d\u7f6e\u9078\u9805\u4f7f\u5f97\u7528\u6236\u80fd\u5920\u6839\u64da\u9700\u6c42\u81ea\u5b9a\u7fa9\u65e5\u8a8c\u683c\u5f0f\uff0c\u9019\u5c0d\u65bc\u7db2\u7ad9\u7684\u6027\u80fd\u76e3\u63a7\u548c\u6545\u969c\u6392\u9664\u81f3\u95dc\u91cd\u8981\u3002\u672c\u6587\u5c07\u6df1\u5165\u63a2\u8a0e\u5982\u4f55\u5728 Nginx \u4e2d\u914d\u7f6e\u81ea\u5b9a\u7fa9\u65e5\u8a8c\u683c\u5f0f\uff0c\u4e26\u4ecb\u7d39 <code>log_format<\/code> \u6307\u4ee4\u7684\u4f7f\u7528\u65b9\u6cd5\u3002<\/p>\n<h2 id=\"%e6%97%a5%e8%aa%8c%e7%9a%84%e9%87%8d%e8%a6%81%e6%80%a7-IdxfPdBpOm\">\u65e5\u8a8c\u7684\u91cd\u8981\u6027<\/h2>\n<p>\u65e5\u8a8c\u6587\u4ef6\u662f\u4f3a\u670d\u5668\u904b\u884c\u7684\u95dc\u9375\u7d44\u6210\u90e8\u5206\uff0c\u80fd\u5920\u63d0\u4f9b\u6709\u95dc\u8acb\u6c42\u3001\u932f\u8aa4\u548c\u6027\u80fd\u7684\u8a73\u7d30\u8cc7\u8a0a\u3002\u901a\u904e\u5206\u6790\u9019\u4e9b\u65e5\u8a8c\uff0c\u7cfb\u7d71\u7ba1\u7406\u54e1\u53ef\u4ee5\u8b58\u5225\u6f5b\u5728\u7684\u554f\u984c\u3001\u76e3\u63a7\u6d41\u91cf\u8da8\u52e2\u4ee5\u53ca\u512a\u5316\u4f3a\u670d\u5668\u6027\u80fd\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u914d\u7f6e\u5408\u9069\u7684\u65e5\u8a8c\u683c\u5f0f\u662f\u975e\u5e38\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u3002<\/p>\n<h2 id=\"%e5%9f%ba%e6%9c%ac%e7%9a%84-log_format-%e6%8c%87%e4%bb%a4-IdxfPdBpOm\">\u57fa\u672c\u7684 log_format \u6307\u4ee4<\/h2>\n<p>Nginx \u7684 <code>log_format<\/code> \u6307\u4ee4\u5141\u8a31\u7528\u6236\u5b9a\u7fa9\u65e5\u8a8c\u7684\u683c\u5f0f\u3002\u5176\u57fa\u672c\u8a9e\u6cd5\u5982\u4e0b\uff1a<\/p>\n<pre><code>log_format  ;\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\u5176\u4e2d\uff0c<code>&lt;name&gt;<\/code> \u662f\u65e5\u8a8c\u683c\u5f0f\u7684\u540d\u7a31\uff0c<code>&lt;format&gt;<\/code> \u5247\u662f\u7531\u8b8a\u6578\u7d44\u6210\u7684\u683c\u5f0f\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u3002\u4ee5\u4e0b\u662f\u4e00\u500b\u57fa\u672c\u7684\u65e5\u8a8c\u683c\u5f0f\u7bc4\u4f8b\uff1a<\/p>\n<pre><code>log_format main '$remote_addr - $remote_user [$time_local] \"$request\" '\n                '$status $body_bytes_sent \"$http_referer\" '\n                '\"$http_user_agent\" \"$http_x_forwarded_for\"';\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\u5728\u9019\u500b\u7bc4\u4f8b\u4e2d\uff0c\u65e5\u8a8c\u683c\u5f0f\u5305\u542b\u4e86\u591a\u500b\u8b8a\u6578\uff0c\u5982\uff1a<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><code>$remote_addr<\/code>\uff1a\u5ba2\u6236\u7aef\u7684 IP \u5730\u5740<\/li>\n<li><code>$remote_user<\/code>\uff1a\u7528\u6236\u540d\uff08\u5982\u679c\u6709\u7684\u8a71\uff09<\/li>\n<li><code>$time_local<\/code>\uff1a\u8acb\u6c42\u7684\u672c\u5730\u6642\u9593<\/li>\n<li><code>$request<\/code>\uff1a\u8acb\u6c42\u7684\u5b8c\u6574\u884c<\/li>\n<li><code>$status<\/code>\uff1a\u4f3a\u670d\u5668\u7684\u97ff\u61c9\u72c0\u614b\u78bc<\/li>\n<li><code>$body_bytes_sent<\/code>\uff1a\u767c\u9001\u7d66\u5ba2\u6236\u7aef\u7684\u5b57\u7bc0\u6578<\/li>\n<li><code>$http_referer<\/code>\uff1a\u8acb\u6c42\u7684\u4f86\u6e90 URL<\/li>\n<li><code>$http_user_agent<\/code>\uff1a\u5ba2\u6236\u7aef\u7684\u7528\u6236\u4ee3\u7406\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32<\/li>\n<li><code>$http_x_forwarded_for<\/code>\uff1a\u7528\u65bc\u8a18\u9304\u7d93\u904e\u4ee3\u7406\u7684\u5ba2\u6236\u7aef IP \u5730\u5740<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2 id=\"%e9%85%8d%e7%bd%ae%e8%87%aa%e5%ae%9a%e7%be%a9%e6%97%a5%e8%aa%8c%e6%a0%bc%e5%bc%8f-IdxfPdBpOm\">\u914d\u7f6e\u81ea\u5b9a\u7fa9\u65e5\u8a8c\u683c\u5f0f<\/h2>\n<p>\u8981\u914d\u7f6e\u81ea\u5b9a\u7fa9\u65e5\u8a8c\u683c\u5f0f\uff0c\u9996\u5148\u9700\u8981\u5728 Nginx \u7684\u914d\u7f6e\u6587\u4ef6\u4e2d\u5b9a\u7fa9 <code>log_format<\/code>\u3002\u63a5\u8457\uff0c\u4f7f\u7528 <code>access_log<\/code> \u6307\u4ee4\u4f86\u6307\u5b9a\u65e5\u8a8c\u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u8def\u5f91\u548c\u4f7f\u7528\u7684\u683c\u5f0f\u3002\u4ee5\u4e0b\u662f\u4e00\u500b\u5b8c\u6574\u7684\u7bc4\u4f8b\uff1a<\/p>\n<pre><code>http {\n    log_format custom '$remote_addr - $remote_user [$time_local] \"$request\" '\n                     '$status $body_bytes_sent \"$http_referer\" '\n                     '\"$http_user_agent\" \"$http_x_forwarded_for\"';\n\n    access_log \/var\/log\/nginx\/access.log custom;\n}\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\u5728\u9019\u500b\u7bc4\u4f8b\u4e2d\uff0c\u6211\u5011\u5b9a\u7fa9\u4e86\u4e00\u500b\u540d\u70ba <code>custom<\/code> \u7684\u65e5\u8a8c\u683c\u5f0f\uff0c\u4e26\u5c07\u5176\u61c9\u7528\u65bc <code>\/var\/log\/nginx\/access.log<\/code> \u6587\u4ef6\u3002\u9019\u6a23\uff0c\u6240\u6709\u7684\u8acb\u6c42\u65e5\u8a8c\u90fd\u5c07\u6309\u7167\u6211\u5011\u81ea\u5b9a\u7fa9\u7684\u683c\u5f0f\u8a18\u9304\u3002<\/p>\n<h2 id=\"%e4%bd%bf%e7%94%a8%e6%a2%9d%e4%bb%b6%e6%97%a5%e8%aa%8c-IdxfPdBpOm\">\u4f7f\u7528\u689d\u4ef6\u65e5\u8a8c<\/h2>\n<p>Nginx \u9084\u652f\u6301\u689d\u4ef6\u65e5\u8a8c\uff0c\u9019\u610f\u5473\u8457\u7528\u6236\u53ef\u4ee5\u6839\u64da\u7279\u5b9a\u689d\u4ef6\u4f86\u6c7a\u5b9a\u662f\u5426\u8a18\u9304\u67d0\u4e9b\u8acb\u6c42\u3002\u9019\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u904e\u5728 <code>access_log<\/code> \u6307\u4ee4\u4e2d\u4f7f\u7528\u689d\u4ef6\u4f86\u5be6\u73fe\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff1a<\/p>\n<pre><code>map $status $loggable {\n    ~^[23] 1;  # \u53ea\u8a18\u9304 2xx \u548c 3xx \u72c0\u614b\u78bc\n    default 0;\n}\n\naccess_log \/var\/log\/nginx\/access.log custom if=$loggable;\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\u5728\u9019\u500b\u7bc4\u4f8b\u4e2d\uff0c\u53ea\u6709\u7576\u8acb\u6c42\u7684\u72c0\u614b\u78bc\u70ba 2xx \u6216 3xx \u6642\uff0c\u624d\u6703\u8a18\u9304\u5230\u65e5\u8a8c\u4e2d\u3002\u9019\u6a23\u53ef\u4ee5\u6e1b\u5c11\u65e5\u8a8c\u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u5927\u5c0f\uff0c\u4e26\u5c08\u6ce8\u65bc\u6210\u529f\u7684\u8acb\u6c42\u3002<\/p>\n<h2 id=\"%e7%b8%bd%e7%b5%90-IdxfPdBpOm\">\u7e3d\u7d50<\/h2>\n<p>\u901a\u904e\u81ea\u5b9a\u7fa9 Nginx \u7684\u65e5\u8a8c\u683c\u5f0f\uff0c\u7cfb\u7d71\u7ba1\u7406\u54e1\u53ef\u4ee5\u66f4\u6709\u6548\u5730\u76e3\u63a7\u4f3a\u670d\u5668\u7684\u904b\u884c\u72c0\u614b\uff0c\u4e26\u9032\u884c\u6545\u969c\u6392\u9664\u3002\u4f7f\u7528 <code>log_format<\/code> \u6307\u4ee4\u548c\u689d\u4ef6\u65e5\u8a8c\u529f\u80fd\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u6839\u64da\u5be6\u969b\u9700\u6c42\u9748\u6d3b\u914d\u7f6e\u65e5\u8a8c\u8a18\u9304\u3002\u5c0d\u65bc\u9700\u8981\u9ad8\u6548\u80fd\u548c\u7a69\u5b9a\u6027\u7684\u7db2\u7ad9\uff0c\u9078\u64c7\u5408\u9069\u7684 <a href=\"https:\/\/server.hk\">\u9999\u6e2f VPS<\/a> \u65b9\u6848\u4e5f\u662f\u81f3\u95dc\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u3002\u4e86\u89e3\u66f4\u591a\u95dc\u65bc <a href=\"https:\/\/server.hk\">\u4f3a\u670d\u5668<\/a> \u7684\u8cc7\u8a0a\uff0c\u8acb\u8a2a\u554f\u6211\u5011\u7684\u7db2\u7ad9\u3002<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u63a2\u7d22 Nginx \u7684\u81ea\u5b9a\u7fa9\u65e5\u8a8c\u683c\u5f0f\u6280\u5de7\uff0c\u5b78\u7fd2\u5982\u4f55\u4f7f\u7528 log_format \u4f86\u512a\u5316\u65e5\u8a8c\u8a18\u9304\uff0c\u63d0\u5347\u7db2\u7ad9\u6027\u80fd\u8207\u76e3\u63a7\u6548\u7387\u3002<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[4924],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-49746","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-setup-tutorials"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/server.hk\/cnblog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/49746","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/server.hk\/cnblog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/server.hk\/cnblog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/server.hk\/cnblog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/server.hk\/cnblog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=49746"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/server.hk\/cnblog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/49746\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":49747,"href":"https:\/\/server.hk\/cnblog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/49746\/revisions\/49747"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/server.hk\/cnblog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=49746"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/server.hk\/cnblog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=49746"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/server.hk\/cnblog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=49746"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}