{"id":48910,"date":"2024-10-08T01:03:17","date_gmt":"2024-10-07T17:03:17","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/server.hk\/cnblog\/48910\/"},"modified":"2024-10-08T01:03:17","modified_gmt":"2024-10-07T17:03:17","slug":"%e4%bc%ba%e6%9c%8d%e5%99%a8%e6%9c%89%e6%95%88%e8%a8%ad%e7%bd%ae%e9%98%b2%e6%ad%a2-web-%e5%85%a5%e4%be%b5%e5%9c%96%e6%96%87%e6%96%b9%e6%b3%95","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/server.hk\/cnblog\/48910\/","title":{"rendered":"\u4f3a\u670d\u5668\u6709\u6548\u8a2d\u7f6e\u9632\u6b62 web \u5165\u4fb5\u5716\u6587\u65b9\u6cd5"},"content":{"rendered":"<h1 id=\"%e4%bc%ba%e6%9c%8d%e5%99%a8%e6%9c%89%e6%95%88%e8%a8%ad%e7%bd%ae%e9%98%b2%e6%ad%a2-web-%e5%85%a5%e4%be%b5%e5%9c%96%e6%96%87%e6%96%b9%e6%b3%95-qSGFJwnWmD\">\u4f3a\u670d\u5668\u6709\u6548\u8a2d\u7f6e\u9632\u6b62 web \u5165\u4fb5\u5716\u6587\u65b9\u6cd5<\/h1>\n<p>\u96a8\u8457\u7db2\u7d61\u6280\u8853\u7684\u8fc5\u901f\u767c\u5c55\uff0c\u7db2\u7ad9\u5b89\u5168\u554f\u984c\u65e5\u76ca\u53d7\u5230\u91cd\u8996\u3002\u7db2\u7d61\u653b\u64ca\u7684\u624b\u6bb5\u591a\u6a23\uff0c\u5f9e\u7c21\u55ae\u7684\u66b4\u529b\u7834\u89e3\u5230\u8907\u96dc\u7684 SQL \u6ce8\u5165\uff0c\u7121\u4e00\u4e0d\u5c0d\u4f3a\u670d\u5668\u7684\u5b89\u5168\u69cb\u6210\u5a01\u8105\u3002\u672c\u6587\u5c07\u4ecb\u7d39\u4e00\u4e9b\u6709\u6548\u7684\u4f3a\u670d\u5668\u8a2d\u7f6e\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u4ee5\u9632\u6b62 web \u5165\u4fb5\uff0c\u4fdd\u969c\u7db2\u7ad9\u7684\u5b89\u5168\u6027\u3002<\/p>\n<h2 id=\"1-%e5%ae%9a%e6%9c%9f%e6%9b%b4%e6%96%b0%e4%bc%ba%e6%9c%8d%e5%99%a8%e8%bb%9f%e4%bb%b6-qSGFJwnWmD\">1. \u5b9a\u671f\u66f4\u65b0\u4f3a\u670d\u5668\u8edf\u4ef6<\/h2>\n<p>\u4fdd\u6301\u4f3a\u670d\u5668\u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7d71\u53ca\u61c9\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\u7684\u6700\u65b0\u7248\u672c\u662f\u9632\u6b62\u5165\u4fb5\u7684\u7b2c\u4e00\u6b65\u3002\u8a31\u591a\u653b\u64ca\u8005\u5229\u7528\u5df2\u77e5\u6f0f\u6d1e\u9032\u884c\u653b\u64ca\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u5b9a\u671f\u66f4\u65b0\u53ef\u4ee5\u4fee\u88dc\u9019\u4e9b\u6f0f\u6d1e\u3002<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\u4f7f\u7528\u547d\u4ee4\u884c\u5de5\u5177\u6aa2\u67e5\u66f4\u65b0\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\u5728 Ubuntu \u4e0a\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528 <code>sudo apt update &amp;&amp; sudo apt upgrade<\/code>\u3002<\/li>\n<li>\u5c0d\u65bc Web \u4f3a\u670d\u5668\uff08\u5982 Apache \u6216 Nginx\uff09\uff0c\u4e5f\u61c9\u5b9a\u671f\u6aa2\u67e5\u5176\u6a21\u7d44\u548c\u63d2\u4ef6\u7684\u66f4\u65b0\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2 id=\"2-%e9%85%8d%e7%bd%ae%e9%98%b2%e7%81%ab%e7%89%86-qSGFJwnWmD\">2. \u914d\u7f6e\u9632\u706b\u7246<\/h2>\n<p>\u9632\u706b\u7246\u662f\u4fdd\u8b77\u4f3a\u670d\u5668\u7684\u91cd\u8981\u5de5\u5177\u3002\u901a\u904e\u8a2d\u7f6e\u9632\u706b\u7246\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u9650\u5236\u4e0d\u5fc5\u8981\u7684\u6d41\u91cf\uff0c\u50c5\u5141\u8a31\u5408\u6cd5\u7684\u8acb\u6c42\u9032\u5165\u4f3a\u670d\u5668\u3002<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\u4f7f\u7528 <code>iptables<\/code> \u6216 <code>ufw<\/code> \u4f86\u8a2d\u7f6e\u9632\u706b\u7246\u898f\u5247\u3002<\/li>\n<li>\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u4f7f\u7528 <code>sudo ufw allow 22<\/code> \u4f86\u5141\u8a31 SSH \u9023\u63a5\uff0c\u4e26\u4f7f\u7528 <code>sudo ufw deny 23<\/code> \u4f86\u62d2\u7d55 Telnet \u9023\u63a5\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2 id=\"3-%e5%af%a6%e6%96%bd%e5%bc%b7%e5%af%86%e7%a2%bc%e7%ad%96%e7%95%a5-qSGFJwnWmD\">3. \u5be6\u65bd\u5f37\u5bc6\u78bc\u7b56\u7565<\/h2>\n<p>\u5f31\u5bc6\u78bc\u662f\u7db2\u7d61\u653b\u64ca\u7684\u4e3b\u8981\u5165\u53e3\u4e4b\u4e00\u3002\u5be6\u65bd\u5f37\u5bc6\u78bc\u7b56\u7565\u53ef\u4ee5\u6709\u6548\u964d\u4f4e\u88ab\u653b\u64ca\u7684\u98a8\u96aa\u3002<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\u8981\u6c42\u4f7f\u7528\u8005\u8a2d\u7f6e\u81f3\u5c11 12 \u4f4d\u7684\u5bc6\u78bc\uff0c\u4e26\u5305\u542b\u5927\u5c0f\u5beb\u5b57\u6bcd\u3001\u6578\u5b57\u53ca\u7279\u6b8a\u5b57\u7b26\u3002<\/li>\n<li>\u5b9a\u671f\u66f4\u63db\u5bc6\u78bc\uff0c\u4e26\u7981\u6b62\u4f7f\u7528\u820a\u5bc6\u78bc\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2 id=\"4-%e5%95%9f%e7%94%a8%e9%9b%99%e9%87%8d%e8%ba%ab%e4%bb%bd%e9%a9%97%e8%ad%89-qSGFJwnWmD\">4. \u555f\u7528\u96d9\u91cd\u8eab\u4efd\u9a57\u8b49<\/h2>\n<p>\u96d9\u91cd\u8eab\u4efd\u9a57\u8b49\uff082FA\uff09\u80fd\u5920\u70ba\u5e33\u6236\u63d0\u4f9b\u984d\u5916\u7684\u5b89\u5168\u5c64\u3002\u5373\u4f7f\u5bc6\u78bc\u88ab\u7834\u89e3\uff0c\u653b\u64ca\u8005\u4ecd\u9700\u901a\u904e\u7b2c\u4e8c\u6b65\u9a5f\u624d\u80fd\u8a2a\u554f\u5e33\u6236\u3002<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528 Google Authenticator \u6216 Authy \u7b49\u61c9\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\u4f86\u751f\u6210\u4e00\u6b21\u6027\u5bc6\u78bc\u3002<\/li>\n<li>\u5728\u4f3a\u670d\u5668\u4e0a\u914d\u7f6e 2FA\uff0c\u901a\u5e38\u9700\u8981\u4fee\u6539 SSH \u914d\u7f6e\u6587\u4ef6\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2 id=\"5-%e7%9b%a3%e6%8e%a7%e4%bc%ba%e6%9c%8d%e5%99%a8%e6%97%a5%e8%aa%8c-qSGFJwnWmD\">5. \u76e3\u63a7\u4f3a\u670d\u5668\u65e5\u8a8c<\/h2>\n<p>\u5b9a\u671f\u6aa2\u67e5\u4f3a\u670d\u5668\u65e5\u8a8c\u53ef\u4ee5\u53ca\u65e9\u767c\u73fe\u7570\u5e38\u884c\u70ba\uff0c\u5f9e\u800c\u53ca\u6642\u63a1\u53d6\u63aa\u65bd\u3002<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\u4f7f\u7528 <code>tail -f \/var\/log\/auth.log<\/code> \u4f86\u5be6\u6642\u76e3\u63a7\u8eab\u4efd\u9a57\u8b49\u65e5\u8a8c\u3002<\/li>\n<li>\u8a2d\u7f6e\u81ea\u52d5\u5316\u5de5\u5177\uff0c\u5982 Fail2Ban\uff0c\u4f86\u963b\u6b62\u591a\u6b21\u5931\u6557\u7684\u767b\u9304\u5617\u8a66\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2 id=\"6-%e4%bd%bf%e7%94%a8-https-%e5%8a%a0%e5%af%86-qSGFJwnWmD\">6. \u4f7f\u7528 HTTPS \u52a0\u5bc6<\/h2>\n<p>HTTPS \u4e0d\u50c5\u80fd\u4fdd\u8b77\u7528\u6236\u6578\u64da\uff0c\u9084\u80fd\u9632\u6b62\u4e2d\u9593\u4eba\u653b\u64ca\u3002\u78ba\u4fdd\u7db2\u7ad9\u4f7f\u7528 SSL\/TLS \u52a0\u5bc6\u662f\u975e\u5e38\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u3002<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u904e Let&#8217;s Encrypt \u514d\u8cbb\u7372\u53d6 SSL \u8b49\u66f8\uff0c\u4e26\u4f7f\u7528 <code>certbot<\/code> \u9032\u884c\u81ea\u52d5\u5316\u914d\u7f6e\u3002<\/li>\n<li>\u5728\u4f3a\u670d\u5668\u4e0a\u914d\u7f6e\u91cd\u5b9a\u5411\uff0c\u5c07 HTTP \u8acb\u6c42\u81ea\u52d5\u8f49\u5411 HTTPS\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2 id=\"7-%e5%ae%9a%e6%9c%9f%e5%82%99%e4%bb%bd%e6%95%b8%e6%93%9a-qSGFJwnWmD\">7. \u5b9a\u671f\u5099\u4efd\u6578\u64da<\/h2>\n<p>\u5373\u4f7f\u63a1\u53d6\u4e86\u6240\u6709\u5b89\u5168\u63aa\u65bd\uff0c\u6578\u64da\u4e1f\u5931\u7684\u98a8\u96aa\u4ecd\u7136\u5b58\u5728\u3002\u5b9a\u671f\u5099\u4efd\u6578\u64da\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728\u906d\u53d7\u653b\u64ca\u5f8c\u8fc5\u901f\u6062\u5fa9\u670d\u52d9\u3002<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\u4f7f\u7528 <code>rsync<\/code> \u6216\u5176\u4ed6\u5099\u4efd\u5de5\u5177\u5b9a\u671f\u5099\u4efd\u91cd\u8981\u6578\u64da\u3002<\/li>\n<li>\u5c07\u5099\u4efd\u5b58\u5132\u5728\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u5730\u7406\u4f4d\u7f6e\uff0c\u4ee5\u9632\u6b62\u81ea\u7136\u707d\u5bb3\u6216\u5176\u4ed6\u610f\u5916\u4e8b\u4ef6\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2 id=\"%e7%b8%bd%e7%b5%90-qSGFJwnWmD\">\u7e3d\u7d50<\/h2>\n<p>\u901a\u904e\u4ee5\u4e0a\u5e7e\u7a2e\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u6709\u6548\u63d0\u9ad8\u4f3a\u670d\u5668\u7684\u5b89\u5168\u6027\uff0c\u9632\u6b62 web \u5165\u4fb5\u3002\u5b9a\u671f\u66f4\u65b0\u3001\u914d\u7f6e\u9632\u706b\u7246\u3001\u5be6\u65bd\u5f37\u5bc6\u78bc\u7b56\u7565\u3001\u555f\u7528\u96d9\u91cd\u8eab\u4efd\u9a57\u8b49\u3001\u76e3\u63a7\u65e5\u8a8c\u3001\u4f7f\u7528 HTTPS \u4ee5\u53ca\u5b9a\u671f\u5099\u4efd\u6578\u64da\uff0c\u90fd\u662f\u4fdd\u969c\u4f3a\u670d\u5668\u5b89\u5168\u7684\u91cd\u8981\u63aa\u65bd\u3002\u82e5\u60a8\u9700\u8981\u66f4\u591a\u6709\u95dc <a href=\"https:\/\/server.hk\">\u9999\u6e2f VPS<\/a> \u53ca\u4f3a\u670d\u5668\u5b89\u5168\u7684\u8cc7\u8a0a\uff0c\u6b61\u8fce\u8a2a\u554f\u6211\u5011\u7684\u7db2\u7ad9\u3002<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u5b78\u7fd2\u6709\u6548\u8a2d\u7f6e\u4f3a\u670d\u5668\u4ee5\u9632\u6b62\u7db2\u8def\u5165\u4fb5\u7684\u5716\u6587\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u4fdd\u8b77\u60a8\u7684\u7db2\u7ad9\u5b89\u5168\uff0c\u63d0\u5347\u9632\u8b77\u80fd\u529b\u3002<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[4924],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-48910","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-setup-tutorials"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/server.hk\/cnblog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/48910","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/server.hk\/cnblog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/server.hk\/cnblog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/server.hk\/cnblog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/server.hk\/cnblog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=48910"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/server.hk\/cnblog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/48910\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":48911,"href":"https:\/\/server.hk\/cnblog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/48910\/revisions\/48911"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/server.hk\/cnblog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=48910"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/server.hk\/cnblog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=48910"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/server.hk\/cnblog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=48910"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}