{"id":45818,"date":"2024-10-07T02:05:13","date_gmt":"2024-10-06T18:05:13","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/server.hk\/cnblog\/45818\/"},"modified":"2024-11-14T10:35:33","modified_gmt":"2024-11-14T02:35:33","slug":"debian-%e7%b3%bb%e7%b5%b1%e5%a6%82%e4%bd%95%e6%9f%a5%e7%9c%8b%e7%ab%af%e5%8f%a3%e9%96%8b%e6%94%be%e7%8b%80%e6%85%8b","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/server.hk\/cnblog\/45818\/","title":{"rendered":"Debian \u7cfb\u7d71\u5982\u4f55\u67e5\u770b\u7aef\u53e3\u958b\u653e\u72c0\u614b"},"content":{"rendered":"<h1 id=\"debian-%e7%b3%bb%e7%b5%b1%e5%a6%82%e4%bd%95%e6%9f%a5%e7%9c%8b%e7%ab%af%e5%8f%a3%e9%96%8b%e6%94%be%e7%8b%80%e6%85%8b-tmJKXIshyh\">Debian \u7cfb\u7d71\u5982\u4f55\u67e5\u770b\u7aef\u53e3\u958b\u653e\u72c0\u614b<\/h1>\n<p>\u5728\u7ba1\u7406\u4f3a\u670d\u5668\u6642\uff0c\u4e86\u89e3\u7aef\u53e3\u7684\u958b\u653e\u72c0\u614b\u662f\u975e\u5e38\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u3002\u7aef\u53e3\u662f\u7db2\u7d61\u901a\u4fe1\u7684\u901a\u9053\uff0c\u958b\u653e\u7684\u7aef\u53e3\u5141\u8a31\u5916\u90e8\u8a2d\u5099\u8207\u4f3a\u670d\u5668\u9032\u884c\u901a\u4fe1\u3002\u672c\u6587\u5c07\u4ecb\u7d39\u5728 Debian \u7cfb\u7d71\u4e2d\u5982\u4f55\u67e5\u770b\u7aef\u53e3\u7684\u958b\u653e\u72c0\u614b\uff0c\u4e26\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e00\u4e9b\u5be6\u7528\u7684\u547d\u4ee4\u548c\u5de5\u5177\u3002<\/p>\n<h2 id=\"%e4%bd%bf%e7%94%a8-netstat-%e5%91%bd%e4%bb%a4-tmJKXIshyh\">\u4f7f\u7528 netstat \u547d\u4ee4<\/h2>\n<p>netstat \u662f\u4e00\u500b\u5e38\u7528\u7684\u7db2\u7d61\u5de5\u5177\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u986f\u793a\u7db2\u7d61\u9023\u63a5\u3001\u8def\u7531\u8868\u548c\u7db2\u7d61\u63a5\u53e3\u7684\u7d71\u8a08\u4fe1\u606f\u3002\u5728 Debian \u7cfb\u7d71\u4e2d\uff0c\u60a8\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u4ee5\u4e0b\u547d\u4ee4\u4f86\u67e5\u770b\u958b\u653e\u7684\u7aef\u53e3\uff1a<\/p>\n<pre><code>netstat -tuln<\/code><\/pre>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>-t<\/strong>\uff1a\u986f\u793a TCP \u7aef\u53e3\u3002<\/li>\n<li><strong>-u<\/strong>\uff1a\u986f\u793a UDP \u7aef\u53e3\u3002<\/li>\n<li><strong>-l<\/strong>\uff1a\u50c5\u986f\u793a\u6b63\u5728\u76e3\u807d\u7684\u7aef\u53e3\u3002<\/li>\n<li><strong>-n<\/strong>\uff1a\u4ee5\u6578\u5b57\u5f62\u5f0f\u986f\u793a\u5730\u5740\u548c\u7aef\u53e3\u865f\uff0c\u800c\u4e0d\u662f\u89e3\u6790\u70ba\u4e3b\u6a5f\u540d\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\u57f7\u884c\u4e0a\u8ff0\u547d\u4ee4\u5f8c\uff0c\u60a8\u5c07\u770b\u5230\u985e\u4f3c\u4ee5\u4e0b\u7684\u8f38\u51fa\uff1a<\/p>\n<pre><code>Proto Recv-Q Send-Q Local Address           Foreign Address         State\ntcp        0      0 0.0.0.0:22              0.0.0.0:*               LISTEN\nudp        0      0 0.0.0.0:53              0.0.0.0:*<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\u5728\u9019\u500b\u4f8b\u5b50\u4e2d\uff0c\u7aef\u53e3 22\uff08SSH\uff09\u548c\u7aef\u53e3 53\uff08DNS\uff09\u662f\u958b\u653e\u7684\u3002<\/p>\n<h2 id=\"%e4%bd%bf%e7%94%a8-ss-%e5%91%bd%e4%bb%a4-tmJKXIshyh\">\u4f7f\u7528 ss \u547d\u4ee4<\/h2>\n<p>ss \u662f\u53e6\u4e00\u500b\u7528\u65bc\u6aa2\u67e5\u7db2\u7d61\u9023\u63a5\u7684\u5de5\u5177\uff0c\u901a\u5e38\u6bd4 netstat \u66f4\u5feb\u4e14\u66f4\u6709\u6548\u3002\u60a8\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u4ee5\u4e0b\u547d\u4ee4\u4f86\u67e5\u770b\u958b\u653e\u7684\u7aef\u53e3\uff1a<\/p>\n<pre><code>ss -tuln<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\u9019\u500b\u547d\u4ee4\u7684\u53c3\u6578\u8207 netstat \u985e\u4f3c\uff0c\u57f7\u884c\u5f8c\u7684\u8f38\u51fa\u683c\u5f0f\u4e5f\u76f8\u4f3c\u3002<\/p>\n<h2 id=\"%e4%bd%bf%e7%94%a8-nmap-%e5%b7%a5%e5%85%b7-tmJKXIshyh\">\u4f7f\u7528 nmap \u5de5\u5177<\/h2>\n<p>nmap \u662f\u4e00\u500b\u5f37\u5927\u7684\u7db2\u7d61\u6383\u63cf\u5de5\u5177\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u7528\u4f86\u6aa2\u67e5\u4f3a\u670d\u5668\u7684\u958b\u653e\u7aef\u53e3\u3002\u9996\u5148\uff0c\u60a8\u9700\u8981\u5b89\u88dd nmap\uff1a<\/p>\n<pre><code>sudo apt update\nsudo apt install nmap<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\u5b89\u88dd\u5b8c\u6210\u5f8c\uff0c\u60a8\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u4ee5\u4e0b\u547d\u4ee4\u4f86\u6383\u63cf\u672c\u5730\u4f3a\u670d\u5668\u7684\u958b\u653e\u7aef\u53e3\uff1a<\/p>\n<pre><code>nmap -sT -O localhost<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\u9019\u500b\u547d\u4ee4\u5c07\u986f\u793a\u672c\u5730\u4f3a\u670d\u5668\u4e0a\u6240\u6709\u958b\u653e\u7684 TCP \u7aef\u53e3\u53ca\u5176\u72c0\u614b\u3002<\/p>\n<h2 id=\"%e4%bd%bf%e7%94%a8-firewall-cmd-%e6%88%96-iptables-tmJKXIshyh\">\u4f7f\u7528 firewall-cmd \u6216 iptables<\/h2>\n<p>\u5982\u679c\u60a8\u4f7f\u7528\u7684\u662f\u9632\u706b\u7246\uff0c\u60a8\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u904e\u9632\u706b\u7246\u7684\u547d\u4ee4\u4f86\u6aa2\u67e5\u958b\u653e\u7684\u7aef\u53e3\u3002\u5c0d\u65bc\u4f7f\u7528 firewalld \u7684\u7cfb\u7d71\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u4ee5\u4e0b\u547d\u4ee4\uff1a<\/p>\n<pre><code>firewall-cmd --list-all<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\u800c\u5c0d\u65bc\u4f7f\u7528 iptables \u7684\u7cfb\u7d71\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\uff1a<\/p>\n<pre><code>sudo iptables -L -n -v<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\u9019\u4e9b\u547d\u4ee4\u5c07\u986f\u793a\u7576\u524d\u9632\u706b\u7246\u898f\u5247\u53ca\u5176\u958b\u653e\u7684\u7aef\u53e3\u3002<\/p>\n<h2 id=\"%e7%b8%bd%e7%b5%90-tmJKXIshyh\">\u7e3d\u7d50<\/h2>\n<p>\u5728 Debian \u7cfb\u7d71\u4e2d\uff0c\u67e5\u770b\u7aef\u53e3\u7684\u958b\u653e\u72c0\u614b\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u904e\u591a\u7a2e\u5de5\u5177\u548c\u547d\u4ee4\u4f86\u5be6\u73fe\uff0c\u5305\u62ec netstat\u3001ss\u3001nmap \u4ee5\u53ca\u9632\u706b\u7246\u547d\u4ee4\u3002\u9019\u4e9b\u5de5\u5177\u4e0d\u50c5\u80fd\u5e6b\u52a9\u60a8\u4e86\u89e3\u4f3a\u670d\u5668\u7684\u7db2\u7d61\u72c0\u614b\uff0c\u9084\u80fd\u5354\u52a9\u60a8\u9032\u884c\u5b89\u5168\u6027\u6aa2\u67e5\uff0c\u78ba\u4fdd\u4e0d\u5fc5\u8981\u7684\u7aef\u53e3\u672a\u88ab\u958b\u653e\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u5982\u679c\u60a8\u6b63\u5728\u5c0b\u627e\u9ad8\u6548\u7684 <a href=\"https:\/\/server.hk\">VPS<\/a> \u89e3\u6c7a\u65b9\u6848\uff0cServer.HK \u63d0\u4f9b\u591a\u7a2e\u9078\u64c7\uff0c\u9069\u5408\u4e0d\u540c\u9700\u6c42\u7684\u7528\u6236\u3002\u7121\u8ad6\u662f <a href=\"https:\/\/server.hk\">\u9999\u6e2f\u4f3a\u670d\u5668<\/a> \u9084\u662f\u5176\u4ed6\u5730\u5340\u7684\u670d\u52d9\uff0c\u6211\u5011\u90fd\u80fd\u70ba\u60a8\u63d0\u4f9b\u7a69\u5b9a\u7684\u652f\u6301\u3002<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u4e86\u89e3\u5982\u4f55\u5728 Debian \u7cfb\u7d71\u4e2d\u6aa2\u67e5\u7aef\u53e3\u958b\u653e\u72c0\u614b\uff0c\u4f7f\u7528\u547d\u4ee4\u884c\u5de5\u5177\u8f15\u9b06\u7372\u53d6\u7db2\u7d61\u5b89\u5168\u8cc7\u8a0a\u3002<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[4924],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-45818","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-setup-tutorials"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/server.hk\/cnblog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/45818","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/server.hk\/cnblog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/server.hk\/cnblog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/server.hk\/cnblog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/server.hk\/cnblog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=45818"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/server.hk\/cnblog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/45818\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":45819,"href":"https:\/\/server.hk\/cnblog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/45818\/revisions\/45819"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/server.hk\/cnblog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=45818"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/server.hk\/cnblog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=45818"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/server.hk\/cnblog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=45818"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}