{"id":45800,"date":"2024-10-07T01:57:34","date_gmt":"2024-10-06T17:57:34","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/server.hk\/cnblog\/45800\/"},"modified":"2024-11-14T10:35:38","modified_gmt":"2024-11-14T02:35:38","slug":"linux-%e9%98%b2%e7%81%ab%e7%89%86-ufw-%e7%b0%a1%e4%bb%8b","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/server.hk\/cnblog\/45800\/","title":{"rendered":"Linux \u9632\u706b\u7246 ufw \u7c21\u4ecb"},"content":{"rendered":"<h1 id=\"linux-%e9%98%b2%e7%81%ab%e7%89%86-ufw-%e7%b0%a1%e4%bb%8b-afVguJpoDy\">Linux \u9632\u706b\u7246 UFW \u7c21\u4ecb<\/h1>\n<p>\u5728\u7576\u4eca\u7684\u7db2\u7d61\u74b0\u5883\u4e2d\uff0c\u5b89\u5168\u6027\u662f\u6bcf\u500b\u4f3a\u670d\u5668\u7ba1\u7406\u54e1\u5fc5\u9808\u91cd\u8996\u7684\u8ab2\u984c\u3002Linux \u7cfb\u7d71\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u591a\u7a2e\u9632\u706b\u7246\u5de5\u5177\uff0c\u5176\u4e2d UFW\uff08Uncomplicated Firewall\uff09\u56e0\u5176\u7c21\u55ae\u6613\u7528\u800c\u53d7\u5230\u5ee3\u6cdb\u6b61\u8fce\u3002\u672c\u6587\u5c07\u4ecb\u7d39 UFW \u7684\u57fa\u672c\u6982\u5ff5\u3001\u5b89\u88dd\u65b9\u6cd5\u3001\u57fa\u672c\u914d\u7f6e\u53ca\u5176\u512a\u52e2\u3002<\/p>\n<h2 id=\"%e4%bb%80%e9%ba%bc%e6%98%af-ufw%ef%bc%9f-afVguJpoDy\">\u4ec0\u9ebc\u662f UFW\uff1f<\/h2>\n<p>UFW \u662f\u4e00\u500b\u7528\u65bc\u7ba1\u7406 Linux \u9632\u706b\u7246\u7684\u5de5\u5177\uff0c\u65e8\u5728\u7c21\u5316 iptables \u7684\u4f7f\u7528\u3002iptables \u662f Linux \u7cfb\u7d71\u4e2d\u6700\u5e38\u7528\u7684\u9632\u706b\u7246\u5de5\u5177\uff0c\u4f46\u5176\u914d\u7f6e\u76f8\u5c0d\u8907\u96dc\uff0c\u5c0d\u65bc\u521d\u5b78\u8005\u4f86\u8aaa\u4e0d\u592a\u53cb\u597d\u3002UFW \u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u4e00\u500b\u66f4\u76f4\u89c0\u7684\u547d\u4ee4\u884c\u754c\u9762\uff0c\u4f7f\u5f97\u9632\u706b\u7246\u7684\u8a2d\u7f6e\u8b8a\u5f97\u66f4\u52a0\u7c21\u55ae\u3002<\/p>\n<h2 id=\"ufw-%e7%9a%84%e5%ae%89%e8%a3%9d-afVguJpoDy\">UFW \u7684\u5b89\u88dd<\/h2>\n<p>\u5728\u5927\u591a\u6578\u57fa\u65bc Debian \u7684\u7cfb\u7d71\uff08\u5982 Ubuntu\uff09\u4e2d\uff0cUFW \u901a\u5e38\u9810\u88dd\u3002\u5982\u679c\u672a\u5b89\u88dd\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u904e\u4ee5\u4e0b\u547d\u4ee4\u9032\u884c\u5b89\u88dd\uff1a<\/p>\n<pre><code>sudo apt update\nsudo apt install ufw<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\u5728\u57fa\u65bc Red Hat \u7684\u7cfb\u7d71\uff08\u5982 CentOS\uff09\u4e2d\uff0cUFW \u53ef\u80fd\u9700\u8981\u5f9e EPEL \u5b58\u5132\u5eab\u5b89\u88dd\uff1a<\/p>\n<pre><code>sudo yum install epel-release\nsudo yum install ufw<\/code><\/pre>\n<h2 id=\"%e5%9f%ba%e6%9c%ac%e9%85%8d%e7%bd%ae-afVguJpoDy\">\u57fa\u672c\u914d\u7f6e<\/h2>\n<p>\u5b89\u88dd\u5b8c\u6210\u5f8c\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u4ee5\u4e0b\u547d\u4ee4\u555f\u7528 UFW\uff1a<\/p>\n<pre><code>sudo ufw enable<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\u555f\u7528\u5f8c\uff0cUFW \u5c07\u958b\u59cb\u904e\u6ffe\u9032\u51fa\u4f3a\u670d\u5668\u7684\u6d41\u91cf\u3002\u63a5\u4e0b\u4f86\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u6839\u64da\u9700\u8981\u6dfb\u52a0\u898f\u5247\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u5141\u8a31 SSH \u9023\u63a5\uff1a<\/p>\n<pre><code>sudo ufw allow ssh<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\u5982\u679c\u9700\u8981\u5141\u8a31\u7279\u5b9a\u7aef\u53e3\uff08\u5982 HTTP \u548c HTTPS\uff09\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u4ee5\u4e0b\u547d\u4ee4\uff1a<\/p>\n<pre><code>sudo ufw allow 80\/tcp\nsudo ufw allow 443\/tcp<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\u8981\u67e5\u770b\u7576\u524d\u7684\u9632\u706b\u7246\u72c0\u614b\u548c\u898f\u5247\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\uff1a<\/p>\n<pre><code>sudo ufw status<\/code><\/pre>\n<h2 id=\"ufw-%e7%9a%84%e5%84%aa%e5%8b%a2-afVguJpoDy\">UFW \u7684\u512a\u52e2<\/h2>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>\u7c21\u55ae\u6613\u7528\uff1a<\/strong>UFW \u7684\u547d\u4ee4\u884c\u754c\u9762\u8a2d\u8a08\u7c21\u55ae\uff0c\u9069\u5408\u521d\u5b78\u8005\u548c\u4e0d\u719f\u6089 iptables \u7684\u7528\u6236\u3002<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u6e05\u6670\u7684\u8f38\u51fa\uff1a<\/strong>UFW \u63d0\u4f9b\u7684\u72c0\u614b\u548c\u898f\u5247\u8f38\u51fa\u6e05\u6670\u660e\u77ad\uff0c\u4fbf\u65bc\u7528\u6236\u7406\u89e3\u548c\u7ba1\u7406\u3002<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u9748\u6d3b\u6027\uff1a<\/strong>\u7528\u6236\u53ef\u4ee5\u6839\u64da\u9700\u6c42\u8f15\u9b06\u6dfb\u52a0\u3001\u522a\u9664\u6216\u4fee\u6539\u898f\u5247\u3002<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u652f\u6301 IPv6\uff1a<\/strong>UFW \u4e5f\u652f\u6301 IPv6\uff0c\u9069\u5408\u73fe\u4ee3\u7db2\u7d61\u74b0\u5883\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2 id=\"%e9%80%b2%e9%9a%8e%e5%8a%9f%e8%83%bd-afVguJpoDy\">\u9032\u968e\u529f\u80fd<\/h2>\n<p>\u9664\u4e86\u57fa\u672c\u7684\u9632\u706b\u7246\u529f\u80fd\u5916\uff0cUFW \u9084\u652f\u6301\u4e00\u4e9b\u9032\u968e\u529f\u80fd\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u8a2d\u7f6e\u9650\u5236\u9023\u63a5\u7684\u901f\u7387\uff0c\u4ee5\u9632\u6b62\u66b4\u529b\u7834\u89e3\u653b\u64ca\uff1a<\/p>\n<pre><code>sudo ufw limit ssh<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\u6b64\u5916\uff0cUFW \u9084\u652f\u6301\u61c9\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\u914d\u7f6e\u6587\u4ef6\uff0c\u9019\u4f7f\u5f97\u7ba1\u7406\u7279\u5b9a\u61c9\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\u7684\u9632\u706b\u7246\u898f\u5247\u8b8a\u5f97\u66f4\u52a0\u65b9\u4fbf\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u5141\u8a31\u67d0\u500b\u61c9\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\u7684\u6d41\u91cf\uff1a<\/p>\n<pre><code>sudo ufw allow 'Nginx Full'<\/code><\/pre>\n<h2 id=\"%e7%b8%bd%e7%b5%90-afVguJpoDy\">\u7e3d\u7d50<\/h2>\n<p>UFW \u662f\u4e00\u500b\u5f37\u5927\u4e14\u6613\u65bc\u4f7f\u7528\u7684\u9632\u706b\u7246\u5de5\u5177\uff0c\u9069\u5408\u5404\u7a2e Linux \u7cfb\u7d71\u7684\u7528\u6236\u3002\u7121\u8ad6\u662f\u65b0\u624b\u9084\u662f\u6709\u7d93\u9a57\u7684\u7ba1\u7406\u54e1\uff0c\u90fd\u80fd\u5920\u8f15\u9b06\u5730\u914d\u7f6e\u548c\u7ba1\u7406\u4f3a\u670d\u5668\u7684\u5b89\u5168\u6027\u3002\u5c0d\u65bc\u9700\u8981\u9ad8\u6548\u80fd\u548c\u5b89\u5168\u6027\u7684\u7528\u6236\uff0c\u9078\u64c7\u5408\u9069\u7684 <a href=\"https:\/\/server.hk\">VPS<\/a> \u89e3\u6c7a\u65b9\u6848\u81f3\u95dc\u91cd\u8981\u3002\u4e86\u89e3\u5982\u4f55\u4f7f\u7528 UFW \u4f86\u4fdd\u8b77\u60a8\u7684\u4f3a\u670d\u5668\uff0c\u5c07\u6709\u52a9\u65bc\u63d0\u5347\u6574\u9ad4\u7684\u5b89\u5168\u6027\u548c\u7a69\u5b9a\u6027\u3002<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u4e86\u89e3 Linux \u9632\u706b\u7246 UFW \u7684\u57fa\u672c\u6982\u5ff5\uff0c\u7c21\u55ae\u6613\u7528\u7684\u547d\u4ee4\u884c\u5de5\u5177\uff0c\u5e6b\u52a9\u60a8\u8f15\u9b06\u7ba1\u7406\u7cfb\u7d71\u5b89\u5168\u3002<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[4924],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-45800","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-setup-tutorials"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/server.hk\/cnblog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/45800","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/server.hk\/cnblog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/server.hk\/cnblog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/server.hk\/cnblog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/server.hk\/cnblog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=45800"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/server.hk\/cnblog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/45800\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":45801,"href":"https:\/\/server.hk\/cnblog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/45800\/revisions\/45801"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/server.hk\/cnblog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=45800"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/server.hk\/cnblog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=45800"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/server.hk\/cnblog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=45800"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}