{"id":45644,"date":"2024-10-07T00:50:14","date_gmt":"2024-10-06T16:50:14","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/server.hk\/cnblog\/45644\/"},"modified":"2024-11-14T10:36:22","modified_gmt":"2024-11-14T02:36:22","slug":"%e8%a9%b3%e8%a7%a3-linux-%e9%81%8e%e6%bf%be%e5%91%bd%e4%bb%a4","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/server.hk\/cnblog\/45644\/","title":{"rendered":"\u8a73\u89e3 Linux \u904e\u6ffe\u547d\u4ee4"},"content":{"rendered":"<h1 id=\"%e8%a9%b3%e8%a7%a3-linux-%e9%81%8e%e6%bf%be%e5%91%bd%e4%bb%a4-bRnahoUSLN\">\u8a73\u89e3 Linux \u904e\u6ffe\u547d\u4ee4<\/h1>\n<p>\u5728 Linux \u7cfb\u7d71\u4e2d\uff0c\u904e\u6ffe\u547d\u4ee4\u662f\u7528\u4f86\u8655\u7406\u548c\u7be9\u9078\u6587\u672c\u6578\u64da\u7684\u91cd\u8981\u5de5\u5177\u3002\u9019\u4e9b\u547d\u4ee4\u53ef\u4ee5\u5e6b\u52a9\u7528\u6236\u5f9e\u5927\u91cf\u7684\u6578\u64da\u4e2d\u63d0\u53d6\u51fa\u6240\u9700\u7684\u4fe1\u606f\uff0c\u5f9e\u800c\u63d0\u9ad8\u5de5\u4f5c\u6548\u7387\u3002\u672c\u6587\u5c07\u6df1\u5165\u63a2\u8a0e\u5e7e\u500b\u5e38\u7528\u7684\u904e\u6ffe\u547d\u4ee4\uff0c\u5305\u62ec <code>grep<\/code>\u3001<code>awk<\/code> \u548c <code>sed<\/code>\uff0c\u4e26\u63d0\u4f9b\u5be6\u969b\u7684\u4f7f\u7528\u7bc4\u4f8b\u3002<\/p>\n<h2 id=\"1-grep-%e5%91%bd%e4%bb%a4-bRnahoUSLN\">1. grep \u547d\u4ee4<\/h2>\n<p><code>grep<\/code> \u662f\u4e00\u500b\u5f37\u5927\u7684\u6587\u672c\u641c\u7d22\u5de5\u5177\uff0c\u80fd\u5920\u6839\u64da\u6307\u5b9a\u7684\u6a21\u5f0f\u5728\u6587\u4ef6\u4e2d\u67e5\u627e\u884c\u3002\u5176\u57fa\u672c\u8a9e\u6cd5\u5982\u4e0b\uff1a<\/p>\n<pre><code>grep [\u9078\u9805] '\u6a21\u5f0f' \u6587\u4ef6\u540d<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u82e5\u8981\u5728\u540d\u70ba <code>example.txt<\/code> \u7684\u6587\u4ef6\u4e2d\u67e5\u627e\u5305\u542b\u300cLinux\u300d\u7684\u884c\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u4ee5\u4e0b\u547d\u4ee4\uff1a<\/p>\n<pre><code>grep 'Linux' example.txt<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\u6b64\u5916\uff0c<code>grep<\/code> \u9084\u652f\u6301\u591a\u7a2e\u9078\u9805\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\uff1a<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><code>-i<\/code>\uff1a\u5ffd\u7565\u5927\u5c0f\u5beb\u3002<\/li>\n<li><code>-v<\/code>\uff1a\u986f\u793a\u4e0d\u5339\u914d\u7684\u884c\u3002<\/li>\n<li><code>-r<\/code>\uff1a\u905e\u6b78\u67e5\u627e\u5b50\u76ee\u9304\u4e2d\u7684\u6587\u4ef6\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u82e5\u8981\u5728\u7576\u524d\u76ee\u9304\u53ca\u5176\u5b50\u76ee\u9304\u4e2d\u67e5\u627e\u6240\u6709\u5305\u542b\u300cerror\u300d\u7684\u884c\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\uff1a<\/p>\n<pre><code>grep -r 'error' .<\/code><\/pre>\n<h2 id=\"2-awk-%e5%91%bd%e4%bb%a4-bRnahoUSLN\">2. awk \u547d\u4ee4<\/h2>\n<p><code>awk<\/code> \u662f\u4e00\u7a2e\u5f37\u5927\u7684\u6587\u672c\u8655\u7406\u5de5\u5177\uff0c\u7279\u5225\u9069\u5408\u7528\u65bc\u683c\u5f0f\u5316\u548c\u5206\u6790\u6587\u672c\u6578\u64da\u3002\u5176\u57fa\u672c\u8a9e\u6cd5\u5982\u4e0b\uff1a<\/p>\n<pre><code>awk '\u689d\u4ef6 {\u52d5\u4f5c}' \u6587\u4ef6\u540d<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u82e5\u8981\u5f9e <code>data.txt<\/code> \u6587\u4ef6\u4e2d\u63d0\u53d6\u7b2c\u4e8c\u5217\u7684\u6578\u64da\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\uff1a<\/p>\n<pre><code>awk '{print $2}' data.txt<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\u6b64\u5916\uff0c<code>awk<\/code> \u9084\u652f\u6301\u689d\u4ef6\u8a9e\u53e5\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u82e5\u8981\u986f\u793a\u7b2c\u4e8c\u5217\u5927\u65bc 50 \u7684\u884c\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\uff1a<\/p>\n<pre><code>awk '$2 &gt; 50 {print}' data.txt<\/code><\/pre>\n<h2 id=\"3-sed-%e5%91%bd%e4%bb%a4-bRnahoUSLN\">3. sed \u547d\u4ee4<\/h2>\n<p><code>sed<\/code> \u662f\u4e00\u500b\u6d41\u7de8\u8f2f\u5668\uff0c\u4e3b\u8981\u7528\u65bc\u5c0d\u6587\u672c\u9032\u884c\u66ff\u63db\u3001\u522a\u9664\u548c\u63d2\u5165\u7b49\u64cd\u4f5c\u3002\u5176\u57fa\u672c\u8a9e\u6cd5\u5982\u4e0b\uff1a<\/p>\n<pre><code>sed '\u64cd\u4f5c' \u6587\u4ef6\u540d<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u82e5\u8981\u5c07 <code>example.txt<\/code> \u6587\u4ef6\u4e2d\u7684\u300capple\u300d\u66ff\u63db\u70ba\u300corange\u300d\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\uff1a<\/p>\n<pre><code>sed 's\/apple\/orange\/g' example.txt<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\u9019\u88e1\u7684 <code>s<\/code> \u8868\u793a\u66ff\u63db\u64cd\u4f5c\uff0c<code>g<\/code> \u8868\u793a\u5168\u5c40\u66ff\u63db\u3002\u6b64\u5916\uff0c<code>sed<\/code> \u9084\u53ef\u4ee5\u7528\u65bc\u522a\u9664\u884c\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u82e5\u8981\u522a\u9664\u5305\u542b\u300cdelete\u300d\u7684\u884c\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\uff1a<\/p>\n<pre><code>sed '\/delete\/d' example.txt<\/code><\/pre>\n<h2 id=\"4-%e7%b5%90%e5%90%88%e4%bd%bf%e7%94%a8%e9%81%8e%e6%bf%be%e5%91%bd%e4%bb%a4-bRnahoUSLN\">4. \u7d50\u5408\u4f7f\u7528\u904e\u6ffe\u547d\u4ee4<\/h2>\n<p>\u5728\u5be6\u969b\u64cd\u4f5c\u4e2d\uff0c\u9019\u4e9b\u904e\u6ffe\u547d\u4ee4\u53ef\u4ee5\u7d50\u5408\u4f7f\u7528\uff0c\u4ee5\u9054\u5230\u66f4\u8907\u96dc\u7684\u6578\u64da\u8655\u7406\u9700\u6c42\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u82e5\u8981\u67e5\u627e <code>log.txt<\/code> \u6587\u4ef6\u4e2d\u6240\u6709\u5305\u542b\u300cerror\u300d\u7684\u884c\uff0c\u4e26\u63d0\u53d6\u7b2c\u4e8c\u5217\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\uff1a<\/p>\n<pre><code>grep 'error' log.txt | awk '{print $2}'<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\u9019\u6a23\u7684\u7d44\u5408\u4f7f\u7528\u80fd\u5920\u5927\u5927\u63d0\u9ad8\u6578\u64da\u8655\u7406\u7684\u9748\u6d3b\u6027\u548c\u6548\u7387\u3002<\/p>\n<h2 id=\"%e7%b8%bd%e7%b5%90-bRnahoUSLN\">\u7e3d\u7d50<\/h2>\n<p>Linux \u7684\u904e\u6ffe\u547d\u4ee4\u5982 <code>grep<\/code>\u3001<code>awk<\/code> \u548c <code>sed<\/code> \u662f\u8655\u7406\u6587\u672c\u6578\u64da\u7684\u5f37\u5927\u5de5\u5177\u3002\u901a\u904e\u9748\u6d3b\u904b\u7528\u9019\u4e9b\u547d\u4ee4\uff0c\u7528\u6236\u53ef\u4ee5\u9ad8\u6548\u5730\u7be9\u9078\u548c\u8655\u7406\u6240\u9700\u7684\u4fe1\u606f\u3002\u7121\u8ad6\u662f\u5728\u65e5\u5e38\u7684\u7cfb\u7d71\u7ba1\u7406\u9084\u662f\u6578\u64da\u5206\u6790\u4e2d\uff0c\u638c\u63e1\u9019\u4e9b\u547d\u4ee4\u90fd\u80fd\u986f\u8457\u63d0\u5347\u5de5\u4f5c\u6548\u7387\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u5982\u679c\u60a8\u5c0d\u65bc <a href=\"https:\/\/server.hk\">\u9999\u6e2fVPS<\/a> \u670d\u52d9\u6709\u8208\u8da3\uff0c\u6b61\u8fce\u8a2a\u554f\u6211\u5011\u7684\u7db2\u7ad9\u4ee5\u7372\u53d6\u66f4\u591a\u4fe1\u606f\u3002<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u6df1\u5165\u63a2\u8a0e Linux \u904e\u6ffe\u547d\u4ee4\uff0c\u5b78\u7fd2\u5982\u4f55\u6709\u6548\u8655\u7406\u548c\u7be9\u9078\u6578\u64da\uff0c\u63d0\u5347\u4f60\u7684\u547d\u4ee4\u884c\u6280\u80fd\u8207\u6548\u7387\u3002<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[4924],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-45644","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-setup-tutorials"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/server.hk\/cnblog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/45644","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/server.hk\/cnblog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/server.hk\/cnblog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/server.hk\/cnblog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/server.hk\/cnblog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=45644"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/server.hk\/cnblog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/45644\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":45645,"href":"https:\/\/server.hk\/cnblog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/45644\/revisions\/45645"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/server.hk\/cnblog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=45644"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/server.hk\/cnblog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=45644"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/server.hk\/cnblog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=45644"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}