{"id":44968,"date":"2024-10-06T19:31:13","date_gmt":"2024-10-06T11:31:13","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/server.hk\/cnblog\/44968\/"},"modified":"2024-10-06T19:31:13","modified_gmt":"2024-10-06T11:31:13","slug":"linux-%e4%b8%ad%e4%bd%bf%e7%94%a8%e6%ad%a3%e5%89%87%e8%a1%a8%e9%81%94%e5%bc%8f%e7%9a%84%e5%91%bd%e4%bb%a4","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/server.hk\/cnblog\/44968\/","title":{"rendered":"Linux \u4e2d\u4f7f\u7528\u6b63\u5247\u8868\u9054\u5f0f\u7684\u547d\u4ee4"},"content":{"rendered":"

Linux \u4e2d\u4f7f\u7528\u6b63\u5247\u8868\u9054\u5f0f\u7684\u547d\u4ee4<\/h1>\n

\u6b63\u5247\u8868\u9054\u5f0f\uff08Regular Expressions\uff0c\u7c21\u7a31 regex\uff09\u662f\u4e00\u7a2e\u5f37\u5927\u7684\u6587\u672c\u8655\u7406\u5de5\u5177\uff0c\u5ee3\u6cdb\u61c9\u7528\u65bc Linux \u7cfb\u7d71\u4e2d\u3002\u5b83\u80fd\u5920\u5e6b\u52a9\u7528\u6236\u5feb\u901f\u67e5\u627e\u3001\u66ff\u63db\u548c\u64cd\u4f5c\u6587\u672c\u6578\u64da\u3002\u672c\u6587\u5c07\u4ecb\u7d39\u5728 Linux \u4e2d\u4f7f\u7528\u6b63\u5247\u8868\u9054\u5f0f\u7684\u5e7e\u500b\u5e38\u898b\u547d\u4ee4\u53ca\u5176\u61c9\u7528\u793a\u4f8b\u3002<\/p>\n

1. grep \u547d\u4ee4<\/h2>\n

grep \u662f\u4e00\u500b\u7528\u65bc\u641c\u7d22\u6587\u672c\u7684\u547d\u4ee4\u884c\u5de5\u5177\uff0c\u652f\u6301\u6b63\u5247\u8868\u9054\u5f0f\u3002\u5b83\u53ef\u4ee5\u5f9e\u6587\u4ef6\u4e2d\u67e5\u627e\u7b26\u5408\u7279\u5b9a\u6a21\u5f0f\u7684\u884c\u3002<\/p>\n

grep '\u6a21\u5f0f' \u6587\u4ef6\u540d<\/code><\/pre>\n
\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u82e5\u8981\u5728\u6587\u4ef6 example.txt<\/code> \u4e2d\u67e5\u627e\u6240\u6709\u5305\u542b\u300capple\u300d\u7684\u884c\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u4ee5\u4e0b\u547d\u4ee4\uff1a<\/p>\n
grep 'apple' example.txt<\/code><\/pre>\n
\u4f7f\u7528\u6b63\u5247\u8868\u9054\u5f0f\u7684\u793a\u4f8b<\/h3>\n
grep \u4e5f\u652f\u6301\u66f4\u8907\u96dc\u7684\u6b63\u5247\u8868\u9054\u5f0f\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u82e5\u8981\u67e5\u627e\u4ee5\u300ca\u300d\u958b\u982d\u4e26\u4ee5\u300ce\u300d\u7d50\u5c3e\u7684\u55ae\u8a5e\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\uff1a<\/p>\n
grep 'baw*eb' example.txt<\/code><\/pre>\n
2. sed \u547d\u4ee4<\/h2>\n
sed \u662f\u4e00\u500b\u6d41\u7de8\u8f2f\u5668\uff0c\u80fd\u5920\u5c0d\u6587\u672c\u9032\u884c\u67e5\u627e\u548c\u66ff\u63db\u64cd\u4f5c\u3002\u5b83\u540c\u6a23\u652f\u6301\u6b63\u5247\u8868\u9054\u5f0f\uff0c\u4e26\u4e14\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728\u4e0d\u6253\u958b\u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u60c5\u6cc1\u4e0b\u76f4\u63a5\u4fee\u6539\u6587\u4ef6\u5167\u5bb9\u3002<\/p>\n
sed 's\/\u820a\u6a21\u5f0f\/\u65b0\u6a21\u5f0f\/g' \u6587\u4ef6\u540d<\/code><\/pre>\n
\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u82e5\u8981\u5c07\u6587\u4ef6 example.txt<\/code> \u4e2d\u7684\u6240\u6709\u300capple\u300d\u66ff\u63db\u70ba\u300corange\u300d\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\uff1a<\/p>\n
sed 's\/apple\/orange\/g' example.txt<\/code><\/pre>\n
\u4f7f\u7528\u6b63\u5247\u8868\u9054\u5f0f\u7684\u793a\u4f8b<\/h3>\n
\u82e5\u8981\u66ff\u63db\u6240\u6709\u4ee5\u300ca\u300d\u958b\u982d\u7684\u55ae\u8a5e\u70ba\u300cfruit\u300d\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\uff1a<\/p>\n
sed 's\/baw*\/fruit\/g' example.txt<\/code><\/pre>\n
3. awk \u547d\u4ee4<\/h2>\n
awk \u662f\u4e00\u7a2e\u5f37\u5927\u7684\u6587\u672c\u8655\u7406\u5de5\u5177\uff0c\u80fd\u5920\u6839\u64da\u6a21\u5f0f\u9032\u884c\u6587\u672c\u7684\u7be9\u9078\u548c\u683c\u5f0f\u5316\u3002\u5b83\u4e5f\u652f\u6301\u6b63\u5247\u8868\u9054\u5f0f\uff0c\u4e26\u4e14\u53ef\u4ee5\u7528\u65bc\u66f4\u8907\u96dc\u7684\u6578\u64da\u8655\u7406\u3002<\/p>\n
awk '\/\u6a21\u5f0f\/ {\u52d5\u4f5c}' \u6587\u4ef6\u540d<\/code><\/pre>\n
\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u82e5\u8981\u6253\u5370\u51fa\u6587\u4ef6 example.txt<\/code> \u4e2d\u6240\u6709\u5305\u542b\u300capple\u300d\u7684\u884c\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\uff1a<\/p>\n
awk '\/apple\/ {print}' example.txt<\/code><\/pre>\n
\u4f7f\u7528\u6b63\u5247\u8868\u9054\u5f0f\u7684\u793a\u4f8b<\/h3>\n
\u82e5\u8981\u6253\u5370\u51fa\u6240\u6709\u4ee5\u300ca\u300d\u958b\u982d\u7684\u884c\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\uff1a<\/p>\n
awk '\/^a\/ {print}' example.txt<\/code><\/pre>\n
4. find \u547d\u4ee4<\/h2>\n
find \u547d\u4ee4\u7528\u65bc\u67e5\u627e\u6587\u4ef6\u548c\u76ee\u9304\uff0c\u4e26\u4e14\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u6b63\u5247\u8868\u9054\u5f0f\u4f86\u5339\u914d\u6587\u4ef6\u540d\u3002<\/p>\n
find \u8def\u5f91 -name '\u6a21\u5f0f'<\/code><\/pre>\n
\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u82e5\u8981\u67e5\u627e\u7576\u524d\u76ee\u9304\u4e0b\u6240\u6709\u4ee5\u300c.txt\u300d\u7d50\u5c3e\u7684\u6587\u4ef6\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\uff1a<\/p>\n
find . -name '*.txt'<\/code><\/pre>\n
\u4f7f\u7528\u6b63\u5247\u8868\u9054\u5f0f\u7684\u793a\u4f8b<\/h3>\n
\u82e5\u8981\u67e5\u627e\u6240\u6709\u4ee5\u300ca\u300d\u958b\u982d\u7684\u6587\u4ef6\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\uff1a<\/p>\n
find . -name 'a*'<\/code><\/pre>\n
\u7e3d\u7d50<\/h2>\n
\u6b63\u5247\u8868\u9054\u5f0f\u5728 Linux \u4e2d\u662f\u4e00\u500b\u975e\u5e38\u6709\u7528\u7684\u5de5\u5177\uff0c\u80fd\u5920\u5e6b\u52a9\u7528\u6236\u9ad8\u6548\u5730\u8655\u7406\u6587\u672c\u6578\u64da\u3002\u7121\u8ad6\u662f\u4f7f\u7528 grep<\/code>\u3001sed<\/code>\u3001awk<\/code> \u9084\u662f find<\/code> \u547d\u4ee4\uff0c\u6b63\u5247\u8868\u9054\u5f0f\u90fd\u80fd\u63d0\u4f9b\u5f37\u5927\u7684\u652f\u6301\u3002\u5c0d\u65bc\u9700\u8981\u9032\u884c\u6587\u672c\u8655\u7406\u7684\u7528\u6236\u4f86\u8aaa\uff0c\u638c\u63e1\u9019\u4e9b\u547d\u4ee4\u5c07\u5927\u5927\u63d0\u9ad8\u5de5\u4f5c\u6548\u7387\u3002<\/p>\n
\u5982\u679c\u60a8\u5c0d\u65bc \u9999\u6e2f VPS<\/a> \u670d\u52d9\u6709\u8208\u8da3\uff0c\u6b61\u8fce\u8a2a\u554f\u6211\u5011\u7684\u7db2\u7ad9\u4ee5\u7372\u53d6\u66f4\u591a\u8cc7\u8a0a\u3002<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
\u63a2\u7d22\u5728 Linux \u4e2d\u4f7f\u7528\u6b63\u5247\u8868\u9054\u5f0f\u7684\u547d\u4ee4\uff0c\u5b78\u7fd2\u5982\u4f55\u9ad8\u6548\u5730\u8655\u7406\u6587\u672c\u548c\u6578\u64da\uff0c\u63d0\u5347\u4f60\u7684\u547d\u4ee4\u884c\u6280\u80fd\u3002<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[4924],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-44968","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-setup-tutorials"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/server.hk\/cnblog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/44968","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/server.hk\/cnblog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/server.hk\/cnblog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/server.hk\/cnblog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/server.hk\/cnblog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=44968"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/server.hk\/cnblog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/44968\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":44969,"href":"https:\/\/server.hk\/cnblog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/44968\/revisions\/44969"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/server.hk\/cnblog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=44968"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/server.hk\/cnblog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=44968"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/server.hk\/cnblog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=44968"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}