{"id":44890,"date":"2024-10-06T18:57:14","date_gmt":"2024-10-06T10:57:14","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/server.hk\/cnblog\/44890\/"},"modified":"2024-10-06T18:57:14","modified_gmt":"2024-10-06T10:57:14","slug":"linux-%e5%91%bd%e4%bb%a4%ef%bc%9awtmp-%e7%99%bb%e9%8c%84%e8%a8%98%e9%8c%84%e6%96%87%e4%bb%b6","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/server.hk\/cnblog\/44890\/","title":{"rendered":"Linux \u547d\u4ee4\uff1awtmp – \u767b\u9304\u8a18\u9304\u6587\u4ef6"},"content":{"rendered":"

Linux \u547d\u4ee4\uff1awtmp – \u767b\u9304\u8a18\u9304\u6587\u4ef6<\/h1>\n

\u5728 Linux \u7cfb\u7d71\u4e2d\uff0c\u7ba1\u7406\u7528\u6236\u767b\u9304\u548c\u767b\u51fa\u4fe1\u606f\u662f\u7cfb\u7d71\u7ba1\u7406\u7684\u91cd\u8981\u4efb\u52d9\u4e4b\u4e00\u3002\u9019\u4e0d\u50c5\u6709\u52a9\u65bc\u76e3\u63a7\u7cfb\u7d71\u7684\u5b89\u5168\u6027\uff0c\u9084\u80fd\u63d0\u4f9b\u6709\u95dc\u7528\u6236\u6d3b\u52d5\u7684\u5bf6\u8cb4\u6578\u64da\u3002wtmp \u6587\u4ef6\u5c31\u662f\u7528\u4f86\u8a18\u9304\u9019\u4e9b\u4fe1\u606f\u7684\u4e3b\u8981\u5de5\u5177\u4e4b\u4e00\u3002<\/p>\n

wtmp \u6587\u4ef6\u6982\u8ff0<\/h2>\n

wtmp \u6587\u4ef6\u4f4d\u65bc \/var\/log\/wtmp<\/code>\uff0c\u5b83\u662f\u4e00\u500b\u4e8c\u9032\u5236\u6587\u4ef6\uff0c\u5c08\u9580\u7528\u4f86\u8a18\u9304\u7528\u6236\u7684\u767b\u9304\u548c\u767b\u51fa\u4e8b\u4ef6\u3002\u9019\u4e9b\u8a18\u9304\u5305\u62ec\u7528\u6236\u540d\u3001\u767b\u9304\u6642\u9593\u3001\u767b\u51fa\u6642\u9593\u3001\u767b\u9304\u7684\u7d42\u7aef\u4ee5\u53ca\u7528\u6236\u7684 IP \u5730\u5740\u7b49\u4fe1\u606f\u3002\u7531\u65bc wtmp \u6587\u4ef6\u662f\u4e8c\u9032\u5236\u683c\u5f0f\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u7121\u6cd5\u76f4\u63a5\u7528\u6587\u672c\u7de8\u8f2f\u5668\u67e5\u770b\u3002<\/p>\n

\u5982\u4f55\u67e5\u770b wtmp \u6587\u4ef6<\/h2>\n

\u8981\u67e5\u770b wtmp \u6587\u4ef6\u4e2d\u7684\u5167\u5bb9\uff0c\u901a\u5e38\u4f7f\u7528 last<\/code> \u547d\u4ee4\u3002\u9019\u500b\u547d\u4ee4\u6703\u5f9e wtmp \u6587\u4ef6\u4e2d\u63d0\u53d6\u4fe1\u606f\u4e26\u4ee5\u53ef\u8b80\u7684\u683c\u5f0f\u986f\u793a\u51fa\u4f86\u3002\u4ee5\u4e0b\u662f\u4f7f\u7528 last<\/code> \u547d\u4ee4\u7684\u57fa\u672c\u793a\u4f8b\uff1a<\/p>\n

last<\/code><\/pre>\n
\u57f7\u884c\u9019\u500b\u547d\u4ee4\u5f8c\uff0c\u60a8\u5c07\u770b\u5230\u985e\u4f3c\u4ee5\u4e0b\u7684\u8f38\u51fa\uff1a<\/p>\n
username pts\/0        :0               Mon Oct  1 10:00 - 10:30  (00:30)\nusername pts\/1        :0               Mon Oct  1 09:00 - 09:30  (00:30)\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
\u9019\u4e9b\u4fe1\u606f\u986f\u793a\u4e86\u7528\u6236\u7684\u767b\u9304\u548c\u767b\u51fa\u6642\u9593\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u4ed6\u5011\u6240\u4f7f\u7528\u7684\u7d42\u7aef\u3002<\/p>\n
\u6e05\u7406 wtmp \u6587\u4ef6<\/h2>\n
\u96a8\u8457\u6642\u9593\u7684\u63a8\u79fb\uff0cwtmp \u6587\u4ef6\u53ef\u80fd\u6703\u8b8a\u5f97\u975e\u5e38\u9f90\u5927\uff0c\u9019\u53ef\u80fd\u6703\u5f71\u97ff\u7cfb\u7d71\u6027\u80fd\u3002\u70ba\u4e86\u4fdd\u6301\u7cfb\u7d71\u7684\u9ad8\u6548\u904b\u884c\uff0c\u5b9a\u671f\u6e05\u7406 wtmp \u6587\u4ef6\u662f\u5fc5\u8981\u7684\u3002\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528 utmpdump<\/code> \u547d\u4ee4\u4f86\u8f49\u63db wtmp \u6587\u4ef6\u70ba\u53ef\u8b80\u7684\u6587\u672c\u683c\u5f0f\uff0c\u7136\u5f8c\u9032\u884c\u7de8\u8f2f\u6216\u6e05\u7406\u3002<\/p>\n
utmpdump \/var\/log\/wtmp > wtmp.txt\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
\u7de8\u8f2f\u5b8c\u6210\u5f8c\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u4ee5\u4e0b\u547d\u4ee4\u5c07\u5176\u8f49\u63db\u56de\u4e8c\u9032\u5236\u683c\u5f0f\uff1a<\/p>\n
utmpdump -r wtmp.txt > \/var\/log\/wtmp\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
\u5b89\u5168\u6027\u8003\u91cf<\/h2>\n
wtmp \u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u5b89\u5168\u6027\u81f3\u95dc\u91cd\u8981\uff0c\u56e0\u70ba\u5b83\u5305\u542b\u4e86\u7528\u6236\u7684\u767b\u9304\u4fe1\u606f\u3002\u70ba\u4e86\u9632\u6b62\u672a\u7d93\u6388\u6b0a\u7684\u8a2a\u554f\uff0c\u61c9\u78ba\u4fdd\u8a72\u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u6b0a\u9650\u8a2d\u7f6e\u6b63\u78ba\u3002\u901a\u5e38\uff0cwtmp \u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u6b0a\u9650\u61c9\u8a2d\u7f6e\u70ba 664<\/code>\uff0c\u4e26\u4e14\u61c9\u7531 root<\/code> \u7528\u6236\u64c1\u6709\u3002<\/p>\n
chmod 664 \/var\/log\/wtmp\nchown root:utmp \/var\/log\/wtmp\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
\u7d50\u8ad6<\/h2>\n
wtmp \u6587\u4ef6\u5728 Linux \u7cfb\u7d71\u4e2d\u626e\u6f14\u8457\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u89d2\u8272\uff0c\u5e6b\u52a9\u7cfb\u7d71\u7ba1\u7406\u54e1\u76e3\u63a7\u7528\u6236\u7684\u767b\u9304\u6d3b\u52d5\u3002\u901a\u904e\u4f7f\u7528 last<\/code> \u547d\u4ee4\uff0c\u7ba1\u7406\u54e1\u53ef\u4ee5\u8f15\u9b06\u67e5\u770b\u7528\u6236\u7684\u767b\u9304\u6b77\u53f2\uff0c\u4e26\u901a\u904e\u5b9a\u671f\u6e05\u7406\u4f86\u4fdd\u6301\u7cfb\u7d71\u7684\u9ad8\u6548\u904b\u884c\u3002\u78ba\u4fdd wtmp \u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u5b89\u5168\u6027\u4e5f\u662f\u4e00\u500b\u4e0d\u53ef\u5ffd\u8996\u7684\u4efb\u52d9\u3002<\/p>\n
\u5982\u679c\u60a8\u5c0d\u65bc\u5982\u4f55\u5728 \u9999\u6e2f VPS<\/a> \u4e0a\u7ba1\u7406 Linux \u7cfb\u7d71\u6709\u66f4\u591a\u7684\u8208\u8da3\uff0c\u6216\u60f3\u4e86\u89e3\u66f4\u591a\u6709\u95dc \u4f3a\u670d\u5668<\/a> \u7684\u4fe1\u606f\uff0c\u8acb\u96a8\u6642\u8a2a\u554f\u6211\u5011\u7684\u7db2\u7ad9\u3002<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
\u4e86\u89e3 Linux \u547d\u4ee4 wtmp\uff0c\u67e5\u770b\u767b\u9304\u8a18\u9304\u6587\u4ef6\uff0c\u8ffd\u8e64\u7528\u6236\u767b\u9304\u548c\u767b\u51fa\u6d3b\u52d5\uff0c\u63d0\u5347\u7cfb\u7d71\u7ba1\u7406\u6548\u7387\u3002<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[4924],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-44890","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-setup-tutorials"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/server.hk\/cnblog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/44890","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/server.hk\/cnblog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/server.hk\/cnblog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/server.hk\/cnblog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/server.hk\/cnblog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=44890"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/server.hk\/cnblog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/44890\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":44891,"href":"https:\/\/server.hk\/cnblog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/44890\/revisions\/44891"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/server.hk\/cnblog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=44890"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/server.hk\/cnblog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=44890"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/server.hk\/cnblog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=44890"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}