{"id":44580,"date":"2024-10-06T16:41:15","date_gmt":"2024-10-06T08:41:15","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/server.hk\/cnblog\/44580\/"},"modified":"2024-10-06T16:41:15","modified_gmt":"2024-10-06T08:41:15","slug":"linux-%e4%bc%ba%e6%9c%8d%e5%99%a8%e5%ae%89%e5%85%a8%e7%ad%96%e7%95%a5%e6%8a%80%e5%b7%a7%ef%bc%9a%e9%80%9a%e9%81%8e%e7%a2%ba%e4%bf%9d%e5%bf%85%e8%a6%81%e7%9a%84%e5%ae%89%e5%85%a8%e7%b4%9a%e5%88%a5","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/server.hk\/cnblog\/44580\/","title":{"rendered":"Linux \u4f3a\u670d\u5668\u5b89\u5168\u7b56\u7565\u6280\u5de7\uff1a\u901a\u904e\u78ba\u4fdd\u5fc5\u8981\u7684\u5b89\u5168\u7d1a\u5225\u4f86\u52a0\u56fa\u4e3b\u6a5f"},"content":{"rendered":"

Linux \u4f3a\u670d\u5668\u5b89\u5168\u7b56\u7565\u6280\u5de7\uff1a\u901a\u904e\u78ba\u4fdd\u5fc5\u8981\u7684\u5b89\u5168\u7d1a\u5225\u4f86\u52a0\u56fa\u4e3b\u6a5f<\/h1>\n

\u5728\u7576\u4eca\u6578\u4f4d\u5316\u7684\u4e16\u754c\u4e2d\uff0c\u4f3a\u670d\u5668\u5b89\u5168\u6027\u6210\u70ba\u4e86\u4f01\u696d\u548c\u500b\u4eba\u7528\u6236\u4e0d\u53ef\u5ffd\u8996\u7684\u91cd\u8981\u8b70\u984c\u3002Linux \u4f3a\u670d\u5668\u56e0\u5176\u958b\u6e90\u7279\u6027\u548c\u9748\u6d3b\u6027\u800c\u5ee3\u53d7\u6b61\u8fce\uff0c\u4f46\u9019\u4e5f\u4f7f\u5176\u6210\u70ba\u9ed1\u5ba2\u653b\u64ca\u7684\u6f5b\u5728\u76ee\u6a19\u3002\u672c\u6587\u5c07\u63a2\u8a0e\u4e00\u4e9b\u6709\u6548\u7684\u5b89\u5168\u7b56\u7565\u548c\u6280\u5de7\uff0c\u4ee5\u52a0\u56fa Linux \u4f3a\u670d\u5668\u7684\u5b89\u5168\u6027\u3002<\/p>\n

1. \u5b9a\u671f\u66f4\u65b0\u7cfb\u7d71\u548c\u61c9\u7528\u7a0b\u5f0f<\/h2>\n

\u4fdd\u6301\u7cfb\u7d71\u548c\u61c9\u7528\u7a0b\u5f0f\u7684\u6700\u65b0\u72c0\u614b\u662f\u78ba\u4fdd\u5b89\u5168\u7684\u7b2c\u4e00\u6b65\u3002\u958b\u767c\u8005\u6703\u5b9a\u671f\u91cb\u51fa\u5b89\u5168\u66f4\u65b0\u548c\u4fee\u88dc\u7a0b\u5f0f\uff0c\u4ee5\u4fee\u6b63\u5df2\u77e5\u7684\u6f0f\u6d1e\u3002\u4f7f\u7528\u4ee5\u4e0b\u547d\u4ee4\u53ef\u4ee5\u8f15\u9b06\u66f4\u65b0\u7cfb\u7d71\uff1a<\/p>\n

sudo apt update && sudo apt upgrade<\/code><\/pre>\n
\u6b64\u5916\uff0c\u5c0d\u65bc\u4f7f\u7528\u7684\u61c9\u7528\u7a0b\u5f0f\uff0c\u4e5f\u61c9\u5b9a\u671f\u6aa2\u67e5\u5176\u66f4\u65b0\u60c5\u6cc1\uff0c\u78ba\u4fdd\u6240\u6709\u8edf\u9ad4\u90fd\u5728\u6700\u65b0\u7248\u672c\u3002<\/p>\n
2. \u5f37\u5316\u7528\u6236\u8eab\u4efd\u9a57\u8b49<\/h2>\n
\u4f7f\u7528\u5f37\u5bc6\u78bc\u548c\u591a\u56e0\u7d20\u8eab\u4efd\u9a57\u8b49\uff08MFA\uff09\u662f\u4fdd\u8b77\u4f3a\u670d\u5668\u7684\u91cd\u8981\u63aa\u65bd\u3002\u5efa\u8b70\u4f7f\u7528\u9577\u5ea6\u81f3\u5c11\u70ba12\u500b\u5b57\u7b26\u7684\u5bc6\u78bc\uff0c\u4e26\u5305\u542b\u5927\u5c0f\u5beb\u5b57\u6bcd\u3001\u6578\u5b57\u548c\u7279\u6b8a\u5b57\u7b26\u3002\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u4ee5\u4e0b\u547d\u4ee4\u4f86\u5f37\u5236\u7528\u6236\u66f4\u6539\u5bc6\u78bc\uff1a<\/p>\n
chage -d 0 username<\/code><\/pre>\n
\u6b64\u5916\uff0c\u555f\u7528 SSH \u7684\u516c\u9470\u8eab\u4efd\u9a57\u8b49\uff0c\u4e26\u7981\u7528\u5bc6\u78bc\u767b\u9304\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u9032\u4e00\u6b65\u63d0\u9ad8\u5b89\u5168\u6027\u3002\u7de8\u8f2f SSH \u914d\u7f6e\u6587\u4ef6\uff1a<\/p>\n
sudo nano \/etc\/ssh\/sshd_config<\/code><\/pre>\n
\u5c07\u4ee5\u4e0b\u884c\u8a2d\u7f6e\u70ba\uff1a<\/p>\n
PermitRootLogin no\nPasswordAuthentication no<\/code><\/pre>\n
3. \u9632\u706b\u7246\u914d\u7f6e<\/h2>\n
\u9632\u706b\u7246\u662f\u4fdd\u8b77\u4f3a\u670d\u5668\u7684\u91cd\u8981\u5de5\u5177\u3002\u4f7f\u7528 iptables<\/code> \u6216 ufw<\/code> \u4f86\u8a2d\u7f6e\u9632\u706b\u7246\u898f\u5247\uff0c\u9650\u5236\u4e0d\u5fc5\u8981\u7684\u6d41\u91cf\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u4f7f\u7528\u4ee5\u4e0b\u547d\u4ee4\u4f86\u5141\u8a31 SSH \u548c HTTP \u6d41\u91cf\uff1a<\/p>\n
sudo ufw allow ssh\nsudo ufw allow http<\/code><\/pre>\n
\u555f\u7528\u9632\u706b\u7246\u5f8c\uff0c\u8a18\u5f97\u6aa2\u67e5\u72c0\u614b\uff1a<\/p>\n
sudo ufw status<\/code><\/pre>\n
4. \u76e3\u63a7\u548c\u65e5\u8a8c\u7ba1\u7406<\/h2>\n
\u5b9a\u671f\u76e3\u63a7\u4f3a\u670d\u5668\u7684\u6d3b\u52d5\u548c\u65e5\u8a8c\u662f\u767c\u73fe\u6f5b\u5728\u5b89\u5168\u554f\u984c\u7684\u95dc\u9375\u3002\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528 fail2ban<\/code> \u4f86\u9632\u6b62\u66b4\u529b\u7834\u89e3\u653b\u64ca\uff0c\u4e26\u81ea\u52d5\u5c01\u9396\u53ef\u7591\u7684 IP \u5730\u5740\u3002\u5b89\u88dd\u548c\u555f\u7528 fail2ban<\/code> \u7684\u547d\u4ee4\u5982\u4e0b\uff1a<\/p>\n
sudo apt install fail2ban\nsudo systemctl enable fail2ban\nsudo systemctl start fail2ban<\/code><\/pre>\n
\u6b64\u5916\uff0c\u5b9a\u671f\u6aa2\u67e5\u7cfb\u7d71\u65e5\u8a8c\uff08\u5982 \/var\/log\/auth.log<\/code>\uff09\u4ee5\u8b58\u5225\u7570\u5e38\u884c\u70ba\u3002<\/p>\n
5. \u5b9a\u671f\u5099\u4efd\u6578\u64da<\/h2>\n
\u5373\u4f7f\u63a1\u53d6\u4e86\u6240\u6709\u7684\u5b89\u5168\u63aa\u65bd\uff0c\u6578\u64da\u4e1f\u5931\u7684\u98a8\u96aa\u4ecd\u7136\u5b58\u5728\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u5b9a\u671f\u5099\u4efd\u6578\u64da\u662f\u81f3\u95dc\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u3002\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528 rsync<\/code> \u6216\u5176\u4ed6\u5099\u4efd\u5de5\u5177\u4f86\u81ea\u52d5\u5316\u5099\u4efd\u904e\u7a0b\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff1a<\/p>\n
rsync -avz \/path\/to\/data \/path\/to\/backup<\/code><\/pre>\n
\u78ba\u4fdd\u5099\u4efd\u5b58\u5132\u5728\u5b89\u5168\u7684\u4f4d\u7f6e\uff0c\u4e26\u5b9a\u671f\u6e2c\u8a66\u6062\u5fa9\u904e\u7a0b\u3002<\/p>\n
\u7e3d\u7d50<\/h2>\n
\u52a0\u56fa Linux \u4f3a\u670d\u5668\u7684\u5b89\u5168\u6027\u9700\u8981\u591a\u65b9\u9762\u7684\u52aa\u529b\uff0c\u5305\u62ec\u5b9a\u671f\u66f4\u65b0\u7cfb\u7d71\u3001\u5f37\u5316\u7528\u6236\u8eab\u4efd\u9a57\u8b49\u3001\u914d\u7f6e\u9632\u706b\u7246\u3001\u76e3\u63a7\u65e5\u8a8c\u4ee5\u53ca\u5b9a\u671f\u5099\u4efd\u6578\u64da\u3002\u9019\u4e9b\u7b56\u7565\u4e0d\u50c5\u80fd\u5920\u63d0\u9ad8\u4f3a\u670d\u5668\u7684\u5b89\u5168\u7d1a\u5225\uff0c\u9084\u80fd\u6709\u6548\u964d\u4f4e\u6f5b\u5728\u7684\u5b89\u5168\u98a8\u96aa\u3002\u5c0d\u65bc\u9700\u8981\u9ad8\u5b89\u5168\u6027\u7684\u7528\u6236\uff0c\u9078\u64c7\u5408\u9069\u7684 \u9999\u6e2fVPS<\/a> \u65b9\u6848\u4e5f\u662f\u4e00\u500b\u660e\u667a\u7684\u9078\u64c7\uff0c\u56e0\u70ba\u5c08\u696d\u7684\u670d\u52d9\u63d0\u4f9b\u5546\u80fd\u5920\u63d0\u4f9b\u984d\u5916\u7684\u5b89\u5168\u4fdd\u969c\u548c\u6280\u8853\u652f\u6301\u3002<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
\u63a2\u7d22Linux\u4f3a\u670d\u5668\u5b89\u5168\u7b56\u7565\u6280\u5de7\uff0c\u78ba\u4fdd\u5fc5\u8981\u7684\u5b89\u5168\u7d1a\u5225\uff0c\u5f37\u5316\u4e3b\u6a5f\u9632\u8b77\uff0c\u4fdd\u8b77\u6578\u64da\u8207\u7cfb\u7d71\u5b89\u5168\u3002<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[4924],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-44580","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-setup-tutorials"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/server.hk\/cnblog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/44580","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/server.hk\/cnblog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/server.hk\/cnblog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/server.hk\/cnblog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/server.hk\/cnblog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=44580"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/server.hk\/cnblog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/44580\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":44581,"href":"https:\/\/server.hk\/cnblog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/44580\/revisions\/44581"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/server.hk\/cnblog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=44580"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/server.hk\/cnblog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=44580"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/server.hk\/cnblog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=44580"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}