{"id":44460,"date":"2024-10-06T15:46:50","date_gmt":"2024-10-06T07:46:50","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/server.hk\/cnblog\/44460\/"},"modified":"2024-10-06T15:46:51","modified_gmt":"2024-10-06T07:46:51","slug":"linux-%e4%bc%ba%e6%9c%8d%e5%99%a8%e5%ae%89%e5%85%a8%e7%ad%96%e7%95%a5%e6%8a%80%e5%b7%a7%ef%bc%9a%e5%9f%ba%e6%96%bc%e4%b8%bb%e6%a9%9f%e7%9a%84%e5%ae%89%e5%85%a8","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/server.hk\/cnblog\/44460\/","title":{"rendered":"Linux \u4f3a\u670d\u5668\u5b89\u5168\u7b56\u7565\u6280\u5de7\uff1a\u57fa\u65bc\u4e3b\u6a5f\u7684\u5b89\u5168"},"content":{"rendered":"<h1 id=\"linux-%e4%bc%ba%e6%9c%8d%e5%99%a8%e5%ae%89%e5%85%a8%e7%ad%96%e7%95%a5%e6%8a%80%e5%b7%a7%ef%bc%9a%e5%9f%ba%e6%96%bc%e4%b8%bb%e6%a9%9f%e7%9a%84%e5%ae%89%e5%85%a8-BvfDdBfzVQ\">Linux \u4f3a\u670d\u5668\u5b89\u5168\u7b56\u7565\u6280\u5de7\uff1a\u57fa\u65bc\u4e3b\u6a5f\u7684\u5b89\u5168<\/h1>\n<p>\u5728\u7576\u4eca\u7684\u6578\u4f4d\u6642\u4ee3\uff0c\u4f3a\u670d\u5668\u5b89\u5168\u5df2\u6210\u70ba\u4f01\u696d\u548c\u500b\u4eba\u7528\u6236\u4e0d\u53ef\u5ffd\u8996\u7684\u91cd\u8981\u8b70\u984c\u3002Linux \u4f3a\u670d\u5668\u56e0\u5176\u958b\u6e90\u7279\u6027\u548c\u9748\u6d3b\u6027\uff0c\u5ee3\u6cdb\u61c9\u7528\u65bc\u5404\u7a2e\u696d\u52d9\u74b0\u5883\u4e2d\u3002\u7136\u800c\uff0c\u9019\u4e5f\u4f7f\u5176\u6210\u70ba\u9ed1\u5ba2\u653b\u64ca\u7684\u6f5b\u5728\u76ee\u6a19\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u5236\u5b9a\u6709\u6548\u7684\u5b89\u5168\u7b56\u7565\u81f3\u95dc\u91cd\u8981\u3002\u672c\u6587\u5c07\u63a2\u8a0e\u4e00\u4e9b\u57fa\u65bc\u4e3b\u6a5f\u7684\u5b89\u5168\u7b56\u7565\u6280\u5de7\uff0c\u4ee5\u4fdd\u8b77\u60a8\u7684 Linux \u4f3a\u670d\u5668\u3002<\/p>\n<h2 id=\"1-%e5%ae%9a%e6%9c%9f%e6%9b%b4%e6%96%b0%e7%b3%bb%e7%b5%b1%e5%92%8c%e6%87%89%e7%94%a8%e7%a8%8b%e5%bc%8f-BvfDdBfzVQ\">1. \u5b9a\u671f\u66f4\u65b0\u7cfb\u7d71\u548c\u61c9\u7528\u7a0b\u5f0f<\/h2>\n<p>\u4fdd\u6301\u7cfb\u7d71\u548c\u61c9\u7528\u7a0b\u5f0f\u7684\u6700\u65b0\u72c0\u614b\u662f\u9632\u6b62\u5b89\u5168\u6f0f\u6d1e\u7684\u7b2c\u4e00\u6b65\u3002Linux \u767c\u884c\u7248\u901a\u5e38\u6703\u5b9a\u671f\u767c\u5e03\u5b89\u5168\u66f4\u65b0\uff0c\u9019\u4e9b\u66f4\u65b0\u4fee\u88dc\u4e86\u5df2\u77e5\u7684\u6f0f\u6d1e\u3002\u4f7f\u7528\u4ee5\u4e0b\u547d\u4ee4\u53ef\u4ee5\u8f15\u9b06\u66f4\u65b0\u7cfb\u7d71\uff1a<\/p>\n<pre><code>sudo apt update &amp;&amp; sudo apt upgrade<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\u6b64\u5916\uff0c\u5c0d\u65bc\u5b89\u88dd\u7684\u61c9\u7528\u7a0b\u5f0f\uff0c\u4e5f\u61c9\u5b9a\u671f\u6aa2\u67e5\u66f4\u65b0\uff0c\u78ba\u4fdd\u5b83\u5011\u4e0d\u6703\u6210\u70ba\u653b\u64ca\u7684\u5165\u53e3\u3002<\/p>\n<h2 id=\"2-%e5%bc%b7%e5%8c%96%e7%94%a8%e6%88%b6%e8%ba%ab%e4%bb%bd%e9%a9%97%e8%ad%89-BvfDdBfzVQ\">2. \u5f37\u5316\u7528\u6236\u8eab\u4efd\u9a57\u8b49<\/h2>\n<p>\u7528\u6236\u8eab\u4efd\u9a57\u8b49\u662f\u4f3a\u670d\u5668\u5b89\u5168\u7684\u53e6\u4e00\u500b\u91cd\u8981\u65b9\u9762\u3002\u5efa\u8b70\u4f7f\u7528\u5f37\u5bc6\u78bc\u7b56\u7565\uff0c\u4e26\u5b9a\u671f\u66f4\u63db\u5bc6\u78bc\u3002\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u4ee5\u4e0b\u547d\u4ee4\u4f86\u5f37\u5236\u7528\u6236\u66f4\u6539\u5bc6\u78bc\uff1a<\/p>\n<pre><code>chage -d 0 username<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\u6b64\u5916\uff0c\u555f\u7528\u5169\u6b65\u9a5f\u9a57\u8b49\uff082FA\uff09\u53ef\u4ee5\u9032\u4e00\u6b65\u589e\u5f37\u5b89\u5168\u6027\u3002\u9019\u6a23\uff0c\u5373\u4f7f\u5bc6\u78bc\u88ab\u76dc\uff0c\u653b\u64ca\u8005\u4ecd\u9700\u901a\u904e\u7b2c\u4e8c\u6b65\u9a5f\u624d\u80fd\u8a2a\u554f\u4f3a\u670d\u5668\u3002<\/p>\n<h2 id=\"3-%e9%85%8d%e7%bd%ae%e9%98%b2%e7%81%ab%e7%89%86-BvfDdBfzVQ\">3. \u914d\u7f6e\u9632\u706b\u7246<\/h2>\n<p>\u9632\u706b\u7246\u662f\u4fdd\u8b77\u4f3a\u670d\u5668\u7684\u91cd\u8981\u5de5\u5177\u3002\u4f7f\u7528 iptables \u6216 ufw\uff08Uncomplicated Firewall\uff09\u53ef\u4ee5\u6709\u6548\u5730\u63a7\u5236\u9032\u51fa\u4f3a\u670d\u5668\u7684\u6d41\u91cf\u3002\u4ee5\u4e0b\u662f\u4f7f\u7528 ufw \u914d\u7f6e\u9632\u706b\u7246\u7684\u57fa\u672c\u6b65\u9a5f\uff1a<\/p>\n<pre><code>sudo ufw allow ssh\nsudo ufw enable\nsudo ufw status<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\u9019\u6a23\u53ef\u4ee5\u5141\u8a31 SSH \u9023\u63a5\uff0c\u4e26\u555f\u7528\u9632\u706b\u7246\u3002\u6839\u64da\u9700\u8981\uff0c\u60a8\u53ef\u4ee5\u6dfb\u52a0\u5176\u4ed6\u898f\u5247\u4f86\u9650\u5236\u7279\u5b9a\u7aef\u53e3\u7684\u8a2a\u554f\u3002<\/p>\n<h2 id=\"4-%e7%9b%a3%e6%8e%a7%e7%b3%bb%e7%b5%b1%e6%97%a5%e8%aa%8c-BvfDdBfzVQ\">4. \u76e3\u63a7\u7cfb\u7d71\u65e5\u8a8c<\/h2>\n<p>\u5b9a\u671f\u6aa2\u67e5\u7cfb\u7d71\u65e5\u8a8c\u53ef\u4ee5\u5e6b\u52a9\u53ca\u65e9\u767c\u73fe\u6f5b\u5728\u7684\u5b89\u5168\u554f\u984c\u3002Linux \u7cfb\u7d71\u7684\u65e5\u8a8c\u6587\u4ef6\u901a\u5e38\u4f4d\u65bc \/var\/log \u76ee\u9304\u4e0b\u3002\u4f7f\u7528\u4ee5\u4e0b\u547d\u4ee4\u53ef\u4ee5\u67e5\u770b\u7cfb\u7d71\u65e5\u8a8c\uff1a<\/p>\n<pre><code>sudo less \/var\/log\/syslog<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\u6b64\u5916\uff0c\u60a8\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u5de5\u5177\u5982 Logwatch \u6216 Fail2ban \u4f86\u81ea\u52d5\u76e3\u63a7\u548c\u5831\u544a\u53ef\u7591\u6d3b\u52d5\u3002<\/p>\n<h2 id=\"5-%e9%99%90%e5%88%b6-ssh-%e8%a8%aa%e5%95%8f-BvfDdBfzVQ\">5. \u9650\u5236 SSH \u8a2a\u554f<\/h2>\n<p>SSH \u662f\u9060\u7a0b\u7ba1\u7406 Linux \u4f3a\u670d\u5668\u7684\u5e38\u7528\u65b9\u5f0f\uff0c\u4f46\u4e5f\u662f\u9ed1\u5ba2\u653b\u64ca\u7684\u4e3b\u8981\u76ee\u6a19\u3002\u70ba\u4e86\u589e\u5f37\u5b89\u5168\u6027\uff0c\u5efa\u8b70\u63a1\u53d6\u4ee5\u4e0b\u63aa\u65bd\uff1a<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\u66f4\u6539\u9ed8\u8a8d\u7684 SSH \u7aef\u53e3\uff0822\uff09\u70ba\u5176\u4ed6\u7aef\u53e3\u3002<\/li>\n<li>\u7981\u7528 root \u7528\u6236\u7684 SSH \u767b\u9304\u3002<\/li>\n<li>\u4f7f\u7528\u516c\u9470\u9a57\u8b49\u800c\u975e\u5bc6\u78bc\u9a57\u8b49\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\u9019\u4e9b\u63aa\u65bd\u53ef\u4ee5\u986f\u8457\u964d\u4f4e SSH \u88ab\u653b\u64ca\u7684\u98a8\u96aa\u3002<\/p>\n<h2 id=\"6-%e5%ae%9a%e6%9c%9f%e5%82%99%e4%bb%bd%e6%95%b8%e6%93%9a-BvfDdBfzVQ\">6. \u5b9a\u671f\u5099\u4efd\u6578\u64da<\/h2>\n<p>\u5373\u4f7f\u63a1\u53d6\u4e86\u6240\u6709\u7684\u5b89\u5168\u63aa\u65bd\uff0c\u6578\u64da\u4e1f\u5931\u7684\u98a8\u96aa\u4ecd\u7136\u5b58\u5728\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u5b9a\u671f\u5099\u4efd\u6578\u64da\u662f\u5fc5\u4e0d\u53ef\u5c11\u7684\u3002\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528 rsync \u6216 tar \u547d\u4ee4\u4f86\u5275\u5efa\u5099\u4efd\uff1a<\/p>\n<pre><code>rsync -avz \/path\/to\/data \/path\/to\/backup<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\u78ba\u4fdd\u5099\u4efd\u5b58\u5132\u5728\u5b89\u5168\u7684\u4f4d\u7f6e\uff0c\u4e26\u5b9a\u671f\u6e2c\u8a66\u6062\u5fa9\u904e\u7a0b\u3002<\/p>\n<h2 id=\"%e7%b8%bd%e7%b5%90-BvfDdBfzVQ\">\u7e3d\u7d50<\/h2>\n<p>Linux \u4f3a\u670d\u5668\u7684\u5b89\u5168\u6027\u662f\u4fdd\u8b77\u6578\u64da\u548c\u696d\u52d9\u904b\u884c\u7684\u57fa\u77f3\u3002\u901a\u904e\u5b9a\u671f\u66f4\u65b0\u7cfb\u7d71\u3001\u5f37\u5316\u7528\u6236\u8eab\u4efd\u9a57\u8b49\u3001\u914d\u7f6e\u9632\u706b\u7246\u3001\u76e3\u63a7\u7cfb\u7d71\u65e5\u8a8c\u3001\u9650\u5236 SSH \u8a2a\u554f\u4ee5\u53ca\u5b9a\u671f\u5099\u4efd\u6578\u64da\uff0c\u60a8\u53ef\u4ee5\u986f\u8457\u63d0\u9ad8\u4f3a\u670d\u5668\u7684\u5b89\u5168\u6027\u3002\u9019\u4e9b\u7b56\u7565\u4e0d\u50c5\u9069\u7528\u65bc\u500b\u4eba\u7528\u6236\uff0c\u4e5f\u5c0d\u4f01\u696d\u74b0\u5883\u81f3\u95dc\u91cd\u8981\u3002\u82e5\u60a8\u9700\u8981\u9032\u4e00\u6b65\u4e86\u89e3\u5982\u4f55\u4fdd\u8b77\u60a8\u7684 <a href=\"https:\/\/server.hk\">\u9999\u6e2f\u4f3a\u670d\u5668<\/a>\uff0c\u8acb\u8a2a\u554f\u6211\u5011\u7684\u7db2\u7ad9\u4ee5\u7372\u53d6\u66f4\u591a\u8cc7\u8a0a\u3002<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u63a2\u7d22Linux\u4f3a\u670d\u5668\u5b89\u5168\u7b56\u7565\u6280\u5de7\uff0c\u63d0\u5347\u4e3b\u6a5f\u5b89\u5168\u6027\uff0c\u9632\u7bc4\u6f5b\u5728\u5a01\u8105\uff0c\u78ba\u4fdd\u7cfb\u7d71\u7a69\u5b9a\u8207\u6578\u64da\u4fdd\u8b77\u3002<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[4924],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-44460","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-setup-tutorials"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/server.hk\/cnblog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/44460","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/server.hk\/cnblog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/server.hk\/cnblog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/server.hk\/cnblog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/server.hk\/cnblog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=44460"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/server.hk\/cnblog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/44460\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":44461,"href":"https:\/\/server.hk\/cnblog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/44460\/revisions\/44461"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/server.hk\/cnblog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=44460"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/server.hk\/cnblog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=44460"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/server.hk\/cnblog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=44460"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}