{"id":44248,"date":"2024-10-06T14:08:13","date_gmt":"2024-10-06T06:08:13","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/server.hk\/cnblog\/44248\/"},"modified":"2024-10-06T14:08:14","modified_gmt":"2024-10-06T06:08:14","slug":"centos-%e8%99%9b%e6%93%ac%e6%a9%9f-nat-%e6%96%b9%e5%bc%8f-dhcp-%e9%80%a3%e7%b6%b2","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/server.hk\/cnblog\/44248\/","title":{"rendered":"CentOS \u865b\u64ec\u6a5f NAT \u65b9\u5f0f DHCP \u9023\u7db2"},"content":{"rendered":"

CentOS \u865b\u64ec\u6a5f NAT \u65b9\u5f0f DHCP \u9023\u7db2<\/h1>\n

\u5728\u7576\u4eca\u7684\u865b\u64ec\u5316\u6280\u8853\u4e2d\uff0cCentOS \u4f5c\u70ba\u4e00\u500b\u7a69\u5b9a\u4e14\u5ee3\u6cdb\u4f7f\u7528\u7684 Linux \u767c\u884c\u7248\uff0c\u5e38\u88ab\u7528\u65bc\u4f3a\u670d\u5668\u74b0\u5883\u3002\u672c\u6587\u5c07\u63a2\u8a0e\u5982\u4f55\u5728 CentOS \u865b\u64ec\u6a5f\u4e2d\u4f7f\u7528 NAT \u65b9\u5f0f\u900f\u904e DHCP \u9023\u63a5\u7db2\u7d61\uff0c\u9019\u5c0d\u65bc\u9700\u8981\u5728\u865b\u64ec\u74b0\u5883\u4e2d\u9032\u884c\u7db2\u7d61\u914d\u7f6e\u7684\u7528\u6236\u4f86\u8aaa\uff0c\u5177\u6709\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u5be6\u7528\u50f9\u503c\u3002<\/p>\n

\u4ec0\u9ebc\u662f NAT \u548c DHCP\uff1f<\/h2>\n

NAT\uff08Network Address Translation\uff09\u662f\u4e00\u7a2e\u7db2\u7d61\u5730\u5740\u8f49\u63db\u6280\u8853\uff0c\u5141\u8a31\u591a\u500b\u8a2d\u5099\u5171\u4eab\u4e00\u500b\u516c\u5171 IP \u5730\u5740\u3002\u9019\u5728\u865b\u64ec\u6a5f\u74b0\u5883\u4e2d\u5c24\u70ba\u91cd\u8981\uff0c\u56e0\u70ba\u5b83\u80fd\u5920\u6709\u6548\u5730\u7ba1\u7406 IP \u5730\u5740\u7684\u4f7f\u7528\uff0c\u4e26\u63d0\u9ad8\u5b89\u5168\u6027\u3002<\/p>\n

DHCP\uff08Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol\uff09\u662f\u4e00\u7a2e\u7db2\u7d61\u7ba1\u7406\u5354\u8b70\uff0c\u7528\u65bc\u81ea\u52d5\u5206\u914d IP \u5730\u5740\u53ca\u5176\u4ed6\u7db2\u7d61\u914d\u7f6e\u53c3\u6578\u3002\u900f\u904e DHCP\uff0c\u865b\u64ec\u6a5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u81ea\u52d5\u7372\u53d6\u6240\u9700\u7684\u7db2\u7d61\u8a2d\u7f6e\uff0c\u7c21\u5316\u4e86\u624b\u52d5\u914d\u7f6e\u7684\u904e\u7a0b\u3002<\/p>\n

\u5728 CentOS \u865b\u64ec\u6a5f\u4e2d\u914d\u7f6e NAT \u548c DHCP<\/h2>\n

\u4ee5\u4e0b\u662f\u914d\u7f6e CentOS \u865b\u64ec\u6a5f\u4f7f\u7528 NAT \u65b9\u5f0f\u548c DHCP \u9023\u63a5\u7db2\u7d61\u7684\u6b65\u9a5f\uff1a<\/p>\n

\u6b65\u9a5f 1\uff1a\u5b89\u88dd\u5fc5\u8981\u7684\u8edf\u4ef6<\/h3>\n

\u9996\u5148\uff0c\u78ba\u4fdd\u4f60\u7684 CentOS \u7cfb\u7d71\u5df2\u7d93\u5b89\u88dd\u4e86\u5fc5\u8981\u7684\u7db2\u7d61\u5de5\u5177\u3002\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u4ee5\u4e0b\u547d\u4ee4\u9032\u884c\u5b89\u88dd\uff1a<\/p>\n

sudo yum install -y dhcp\nsudo yum install -y iptables-services<\/code><\/pre>\n
\u6b65\u9a5f 2\uff1a\u914d\u7f6e DHCP \u4f3a\u670d\u5668<\/h3>\n
\u63a5\u4e0b\u4f86\uff0c\u7de8\u8f2f DHCP \u914d\u7f6e\u6587\u4ef6\uff0c\u901a\u5e38\u4f4d\u65bc \/etc\/dhcp\/dhcpd.conf\u3002\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u4ee5\u4e0b\u547d\u4ee4\u6253\u958b\u6587\u4ef6\uff1a<\/p>\n
sudo vi \/etc\/dhcp\/dhcpd.conf<\/code><\/pre>\n
\u5728\u6587\u4ef6\u4e2d\u6dfb\u52a0\u4ee5\u4e0b\u5167\u5bb9\uff1a<\/p>\n
subnet 192.168.122.0 netmask 255.255.255.0 {\n    range 192.168.122.10 192.168.122.100;\n    option routers 192.168.122.1;\n    option domain-name-servers 8.8.8.8, 8.8.4.4;\n}<\/code><\/pre>\n
\u9019\u6bb5\u914d\u7f6e\u5b9a\u7fa9\u4e86\u4e00\u500b\u5b50\u7db2\uff0c\u4e26\u6307\u5b9a\u4e86\u53ef\u7528\u7684 IP \u5730\u5740\u7bc4\u570d\u53ca\u8def\u7531\u5668\u548c DNS \u4f3a\u670d\u5668\u7684\u5730\u5740\u3002<\/p>\n
\u6b65\u9a5f 3\uff1a\u555f\u7528 IP \u8f49\u767c<\/h3>\n
\u70ba\u4e86\u4f7f NAT \u6b63\u5e38\u5de5\u4f5c\uff0c\u9700\u8981\u555f\u7528 IP \u8f49\u767c\u3002\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u904e\u7de8\u8f2f \/etc\/sysctl.conf \u6587\u4ef6\u4f86\u5be6\u73fe\uff1a<\/p>\n
sudo vi \/etc\/sysctl.conf<\/code><\/pre>\n
\u627e\u5230\u4ee5\u4e0b\u884c\u4e26\u53d6\u6d88\u8a3b\u91cb\uff1a<\/p>\n
net.ipv4.ip_forward = 1<\/code><\/pre>\n
\u7136\u5f8c\u904b\u884c\u4ee5\u4e0b\u547d\u4ee4\u4f7f\u66f4\u6539\u751f\u6548\uff1a<\/p>\n
sudo sysctl -p<\/code><\/pre>\n
\u6b65\u9a5f 4\uff1a\u914d\u7f6e iptables<\/h3>\n
\u63a5\u4e0b\u4f86\uff0c\u9700\u8981\u914d\u7f6e iptables \u4ee5\u5be6\u73fe NAT\u3002\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u4ee5\u4e0b\u547d\u4ee4\u6dfb\u52a0\u898f\u5247\uff1a<\/p>\n
sudo iptables -t nat -A POSTROUTING -o eth0 -j MASQUERADE\nsudo iptables -A FORWARD -m conntrack --ctstate RELATED,ESTABLISHED -j ACCEPT\nsudo iptables -A FORWARD -i virbr0 -o eth0 -j ACCEPT<\/code><\/pre>\n
\u9019\u4e9b\u898f\u5247\u5c07\u5141\u8a31\u865b\u64ec\u6a5f\u901a\u904e NAT \u9023\u63a5\u5230\u5916\u90e8\u7db2\u7d61\u3002<\/p>\n
\u6b65\u9a5f 5\uff1a\u555f\u52d5 DHCP \u4f3a\u670d\u5668<\/h3>\n
\u6700\u5f8c\uff0c\u555f\u52d5 DHCP \u4f3a\u670d\u5668\u4e26\u8a2d\u7f6e\u5176\u5728\u555f\u52d5\u6642\u81ea\u52d5\u904b\u884c\uff1a<\/p>\n
sudo systemctl start dhcpd\nsudo systemctl enable dhcpd<\/code><\/pre>\n
\u6e2c\u8a66\u9023\u63a5<\/h2>\n
\u5b8c\u6210\u4e0a\u8ff0\u6b65\u9a5f\u5f8c\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728\u865b\u64ec\u6a5f\u4e2d\u4f7f\u7528\u4ee5\u4e0b\u547d\u4ee4\u6aa2\u67e5 IP \u5730\u5740\u662f\u5426\u6210\u529f\u7372\u53d6\uff1a<\/p>\n
ip addr show<\/code><\/pre>\n
\u5982\u679c\u4e00\u5207\u914d\u7f6e\u6b63\u78ba\uff0c\u865b\u64ec\u6a5f\u61c9\u8a72\u80fd\u5920\u6210\u529f\u9023\u63a5\u5230\u7db2\u7d61\u3002<\/p>\n
\u7e3d\u7d50<\/h2>\n
\u900f\u904e\u4ee5\u4e0a\u6b65\u9a5f\uff0c\u6211\u5011\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728 CentOS \u865b\u64ec\u6a5f\u4e2d\u6210\u529f\u914d\u7f6e NAT \u65b9\u5f0f\u7684 DHCP \u9023\u63a5\u3002\u9019\u4e0d\u50c5\u63d0\u9ad8\u4e86\u7db2\u7d61\u7ba1\u7406\u7684\u9748\u6d3b\u6027\uff0c\u9084\u80fd\u6709\u6548\u5229\u7528 IP \u5730\u5740\u8cc7\u6e90\u3002\u5c0d\u65bc\u9700\u8981\u5728\u865b\u64ec\u74b0\u5883\u4e2d\u9032\u884c\u7db2\u7d61\u914d\u7f6e\u7684\u7528\u6236\u4f86\u8aaa\uff0c\u9019\u662f\u4e00\u500b\u975e\u5e38\u5be6\u7528\u7684\u89e3\u6c7a\u65b9\u6848\u3002\u5982\u679c\u60a8\u5c0d\u65bc \u9999\u6e2fVPS<\/a> \u6216\u5176\u4ed6\u76f8\u95dc\u670d\u52d9\u6709\u8208\u8da3\uff0c\u6b61\u8fce\u8a2a\u554f\u6211\u5011\u7684\u7db2\u7ad9\u4ee5\u7372\u53d6\u66f4\u591a\u8cc7\u8a0a\u3002<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
Learn how to set up a CentOS virtual machine with NAT networking and DHCP for seamless internet connectivity. Step-by-step guide included.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[4924],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-44248","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-setup-tutorials"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/server.hk\/cnblog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/44248","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/server.hk\/cnblog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/server.hk\/cnblog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/server.hk\/cnblog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/server.hk\/cnblog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=44248"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/server.hk\/cnblog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/44248\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":44249,"href":"https:\/\/server.hk\/cnblog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/44248\/revisions\/44249"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/server.hk\/cnblog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=44248"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/server.hk\/cnblog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=44248"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/server.hk\/cnblog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=44248"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}