{"id":43222,"date":"2024-10-04T21:57:53","date_gmt":"2024-10-04T13:57:53","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/server.hk\/cnblog\/43222\/"},"modified":"2024-10-04T21:57:53","modified_gmt":"2024-10-04T13:57:53","slug":"centos-7-%e7%b3%bb%e7%b5%b1%e5%b8%b3%e8%99%9f%e6%96%87%e4%bb%b6%e6%8e%a7%e5%88%b6","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/server.hk\/cnblog\/43222\/","title":{"rendered":"CentOS 7 \u7cfb\u7d71\u5e33\u865f\u6587\u4ef6\u63a7\u5236"},"content":{"rendered":"<h1 id=\"centos-7-%e7%b3%bb%e7%b5%b1%e5%b8%b3%e8%99%9f%e6%96%87%e4%bb%b6%e6%8e%a7%e5%88%b6-jfLcZSUQMv\">CentOS 7 \u7cfb\u7d71\u5e33\u865f\u6587\u4ef6\u63a7\u5236<\/h1>\n<p>\u5728 CentOS 7 \u7cfb\u7d71\u4e2d\uff0c\u5e33\u865f\u7ba1\u7406\u662f\u7cfb\u7d71\u5b89\u5168\u7684\u91cd\u8981\u7d44\u6210\u90e8\u5206\u3002\u900f\u904e\u9069\u7576\u7684\u5e33\u865f\u6587\u4ef6\u63a7\u5236\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u6709\u6548\u5730\u4fdd\u8b77\u7cfb\u7d71\u8cc7\u6e90\uff0c\u9632\u6b62\u672a\u7d93\u6388\u6b0a\u7684\u8a2a\u554f\u3002\u672c\u6587\u5c07\u63a2\u8a0e CentOS 7 \u4e2d\u7684\u5e33\u865f\u6587\u4ef6\u63a7\u5236\uff0c\u5305\u62ec\u7528\u6236\u5e33\u865f\u7684\u7ba1\u7406\u3001\u6b0a\u9650\u8a2d\u5b9a\u53ca\u76f8\u95dc\u914d\u7f6e\u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u4f7f\u7528\u3002<\/p>\n<h2 id=\"%e7%94%a8%e6%88%b6%e5%b8%b3%e8%99%9f%e7%ae%a1%e7%90%86-jfLcZSUQMv\">\u7528\u6236\u5e33\u865f\u7ba1\u7406<\/h2>\n<p>\u5728 CentOS 7 \u4e2d\uff0c\u7528\u6236\u5e33\u865f\u7684\u7ba1\u7406\u4e3b\u8981\u4f9d\u8cf4\u65bc\u5e7e\u500b\u95dc\u9375\u7684\u547d\u4ee4\u548c\u914d\u7f6e\u6587\u4ef6\u3002\u6700\u5e38\u7528\u7684\u547d\u4ee4\u5305\u62ec\uff1a<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><code>useradd<\/code>\uff1a\u7528\u65bc\u5275\u5efa\u65b0\u7528\u6236\u3002<\/li>\n<li><code>usermod<\/code>\uff1a\u7528\u65bc\u4fee\u6539\u73fe\u6709\u7528\u6236\u7684\u5c6c\u6027\u3002<\/li>\n<li><code>userdel<\/code>\uff1a\u7528\u65bc\u522a\u9664\u7528\u6236\u3002<\/li>\n<li><code>passwd<\/code>\uff1a\u7528\u65bc\u8a2d\u7f6e\u6216\u66f4\u6539\u7528\u6236\u5bc6\u78bc\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u82e5\u8981\u5275\u5efa\u4e00\u500b\u540d\u70ba &#8220;newuser&#8221; \u7684\u65b0\u7528\u6236\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u4ee5\u4e0b\u547d\u4ee4\uff1a<\/p>\n<pre><code>sudo useradd newuser<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\u63a5\u8457\uff0c\u70ba\u8a72\u7528\u6236\u8a2d\u7f6e\u5bc6\u78bc\uff1a<\/p>\n<pre><code>sudo passwd newuser<\/code><\/pre>\n<h2 id=\"%e6%ac%8a%e9%99%90%e8%a8%ad%e5%ae%9a-jfLcZSUQMv\">\u6b0a\u9650\u8a2d\u5b9a<\/h2>\n<p>\u5728 CentOS 7 \u4e2d\uff0c\u6587\u4ef6\u548c\u76ee\u9304\u7684\u6b0a\u9650\u8a2d\u5b9a\u662f\u901a\u904e\u4e09\u7a2e\u57fa\u672c\u6b0a\u9650\u4f86\u63a7\u5236\u7684\uff1a\u8b80\u53d6 (r)\u3001\u5beb\u5165 (w) \u548c\u57f7\u884c (x)\u3002\u9019\u4e9b\u6b0a\u9650\u53ef\u4ee5\u5206\u914d\u7d66\u4e09\u985e\u7528\u6236\uff1a\u64c1\u6709\u8005 (owner)\u3001\u7fa4\u7d44 (group) \u548c\u5176\u4ed6\u7528\u6236 (others)\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u4f7f\u7528 <code>chmod<\/code> \u547d\u4ee4\u53ef\u4ee5\u66f4\u6539\u6587\u4ef6\u6216\u76ee\u9304\u7684\u6b0a\u9650\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u82e5\u8981\u5c07\u67d0\u500b\u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u6b0a\u9650\u8a2d\u7f6e\u70ba\u64c1\u6709\u8005\u53ef\u8b80\u5beb\uff0c\u7fa4\u7d44\u53ef\u8b80\uff0c\u5176\u4ed6\u7528\u6236\u7121\u6b0a\u9650\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u4ee5\u4e0b\u547d\u4ee4\uff1a<\/p>\n<pre><code>chmod 640 filename<\/code><\/pre>\n<h2 id=\"%e9%97%9c%e9%8d%b5%e9%85%8d%e7%bd%ae%e6%96%87%e4%bb%b6-jfLcZSUQMv\">\u95dc\u9375\u914d\u7f6e\u6587\u4ef6<\/h2>\n<p>\u5728 CentOS 7 \u4e2d\uff0c\u8207\u7528\u6236\u5e33\u865f\u76f8\u95dc\u7684\u4e3b\u8981\u914d\u7f6e\u6587\u4ef6\u5305\u62ec\uff1a<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><code>\/etc\/passwd<\/code>\uff1a\u5b58\u5132\u7528\u6236\u5e33\u865f\u4fe1\u606f\u3002<\/li>\n<li><code>\/etc\/shadow<\/code>\uff1a\u5b58\u5132\u7528\u6236\u5bc6\u78bc\u7684\u52a0\u5bc6\u4fe1\u606f\u3002<\/li>\n<li><code>\/etc\/group<\/code>\uff1a\u5b58\u5132\u7528\u6236\u7fa4\u7d44\u4fe1\u606f\u3002<\/li>\n<li><code>\/etc\/gshadow<\/code>\uff1a\u5b58\u5132\u7fa4\u7d44\u5bc6\u78bc\u7684\u52a0\u5bc6\u4fe1\u606f\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\u9019\u4e9b\u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u6b63\u78ba\u914d\u7f6e\u5c0d\u65bc\u7cfb\u7d71\u7684\u5b89\u5168\u6027\u81f3\u95dc\u91cd\u8981\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c<code>\/etc\/shadow<\/code> \u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u6b0a\u9650\u61c9\u8a2d\u7f6e\u70ba\u53ea\u6709 root \u7528\u6236\u53ef\u8b80\u53d6\uff0c\u4ee5\u9632\u6b62\u672a\u7d93\u6388\u6b0a\u7684\u8a2a\u554f\uff1a<\/p>\n<pre><code>chmod 640 \/etc\/shadow<\/code><\/pre>\n<h2 id=\"%e4%bd%bf%e7%94%a8-sudo-%e9%80%b2%e8%a1%8c%e6%ac%8a%e9%99%90%e6%8e%a7%e5%88%b6-jfLcZSUQMv\">\u4f7f\u7528 sudo \u9032\u884c\u6b0a\u9650\u63a7\u5236<\/h2>\n<p>\u5728 CentOS 7 \u4e2d\uff0c\u4f7f\u7528 <code>sudo<\/code> \u547d\u4ee4\u53ef\u4ee5\u8b93\u666e\u901a\u7528\u6236\u4ee5\u8d85\u7d1a\u7528\u6236\u7684\u8eab\u4efd\u57f7\u884c\u547d\u4ee4\u3002\u9019\u6a23\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728\u4e0d\u76f4\u63a5\u767b\u9304\u70ba root \u7528\u6236\u7684\u60c5\u6cc1\u4e0b\uff0c\u57f7\u884c\u9700\u8981\u9ad8\u6b0a\u9650\u7684\u64cd\u4f5c\u3002\u8981\u6388\u4e88\u67d0\u500b\u7528\u6236\u4f7f\u7528 <code>sudo<\/code> \u7684\u6b0a\u9650\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u5c07\u8a72\u7528\u6236\u6dfb\u52a0\u5230 <code>\/etc\/sudoers<\/code> \u6587\u4ef6\u4e2d\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u4f7f\u7528\u4ee5\u4e0b\u547d\u4ee4\u7de8\u8f2f <code>\/etc\/sudoers<\/code> \u6587\u4ef6\uff1a<\/p>\n<pre><code>sudo visudo<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\u7136\u5f8c\u6dfb\u52a0\u4ee5\u4e0b\u884c\u4ee5\u6388\u4e88 &#8220;newuser&#8221; \u4f7f\u7528 <code>sudo<\/code> \u7684\u6b0a\u9650\uff1a<\/p>\n<pre><code>newuser ALL=(ALL) ALL<\/code><\/pre>\n<h2 id=\"%e7%b8%bd%e7%b5%90-jfLcZSUQMv\">\u7e3d\u7d50<\/h2>\n<p>\u5728 CentOS 7 \u7cfb\u7d71\u4e2d\uff0c\u5e33\u865f\u6587\u4ef6\u63a7\u5236\u662f\u78ba\u4fdd\u7cfb\u7d71\u5b89\u5168\u7684\u91cd\u8981\u63aa\u65bd\u3002\u900f\u904e\u9069\u7576\u7684\u7528\u6236\u7ba1\u7406\u3001\u6b0a\u9650\u8a2d\u5b9a\u53ca\u914d\u7f6e\u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u4f7f\u7528\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u6709\u6548\u5730\u9632\u6b62\u672a\u7d93\u6388\u6b0a\u7684\u8a2a\u554f\u3002\u4e86\u89e3\u9019\u4e9b\u57fa\u672c\u6982\u5ff5\u548c\u64cd\u4f5c\uff0c\u5c0d\u65bc\u7cfb\u7d71\u7ba1\u7406\u54e1\u4f86\u8aaa\u81f3\u95dc\u91cd\u8981\u3002\u5982\u679c\u60a8\u9700\u8981\u9032\u4e00\u6b65\u7684\u652f\u6301\u6216\u670d\u52d9\uff0c\u8acb\u8003\u616e\u6211\u5011\u7684 <a href=\"https:\/\/server.hk\">\u9999\u6e2fVPS<\/a> \u89e3\u6c7a\u65b9\u6848\uff0c\u70ba\u60a8\u7684\u696d\u52d9\u63d0\u4f9b\u7a69\u5b9a\u7684\u57fa\u790e\u8a2d\u65bd\u3002<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u4e86\u89e3 CentOS 7 \u7cfb\u7d71\u5e33\u865f\u6587\u4ef6\u63a7\u5236\uff0c\u638c\u63e1\u7528\u6236\u7ba1\u7406\u3001\u6b0a\u9650\u8a2d\u5b9a\u53ca\u5b89\u5168\u6027\u6700\u4f73\u5be6\u8e10\uff0c\u78ba\u4fdd\u7cfb\u7d71\u7a69\u5b9a\u904b\u884c\u3002<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[4924],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-43222","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-setup-tutorials"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/server.hk\/cnblog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/43222","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/server.hk\/cnblog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/server.hk\/cnblog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/server.hk\/cnblog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/server.hk\/cnblog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=43222"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/server.hk\/cnblog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/43222\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":43223,"href":"https:\/\/server.hk\/cnblog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/43222\/revisions\/43223"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/server.hk\/cnblog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=43222"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/server.hk\/cnblog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=43222"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/server.hk\/cnblog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=43222"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}