{"id":41868,"date":"2024-10-02T12:06:53","date_gmt":"2024-10-02T04:06:53","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/server.hk\/cnblog\/41868\/"},"modified":"2024-10-02T12:06:53","modified_gmt":"2024-10-02T04:06:53","slug":"apache%e6%96%b0%e6%89%8b%e6%95%99%e7%a8%8b%ef%bc%9a%e5%af%a6%e6%96%bdhsts%e7%ad%96%e7%95%a5","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/server.hk\/cnblog\/41868\/","title":{"rendered":"Apache\u65b0\u624b\u6559\u7a0b\uff1a\u5be6\u65bdHSTS\u7b56\u7565"},"content":{"rendered":"<h1 id=\"apache%e6%96%b0%e6%89%8b%e6%95%99%e7%a8%8b%ef%bc%9a%e5%af%a6%e6%96%bdhsts%e7%ad%96%e7%95%a5-MWojXPbbrN\">Apache\u65b0\u624b\u6559\u7a0b\uff1a\u5be6\u65bdHSTS\u7b56\u7565<\/h1>\n<p>\u5728\u7576\u4eca\u7684\u7db2\u7d61\u74b0\u5883\u4e2d\uff0c\u5b89\u5168\u6027\u662f\u6bcf\u500b\u7db2\u7ad9\u64c1\u6709\u8005\u5fc5\u9808\u91cd\u8996\u7684\u554f\u984c\u3002HTTP\u56b4\u683c\u50b3\u8f38\u5b89\u5168\uff08HSTS\uff09\u662f\u4e00\u7a2e\u7db2\u7d61\u5b89\u5168\u7b56\u7565\uff0c\u65e8\u5728\u9632\u6b62\u4e2d\u9593\u4eba\u653b\u64ca\u548c\u5176\u4ed6\u985e\u578b\u7684\u7db2\u7d61\u653b\u64ca\u3002\u672c\u6587\u5c07\u4ecb\u7d39\u5982\u4f55\u5728Apache\u4f3a\u670d\u5668\u4e0a\u5be6\u65bdHSTS\u7b56\u7565\uff0c\u5e6b\u52a9\u65b0\u624b\u7528\u6236\u63d0\u5347\u7db2\u7ad9\u7684\u5b89\u5168\u6027\u3002<\/p>\n<h2 id=\"%e4%bb%80%e9%ba%bc%e6%98%afhsts%ef%bc%9f-MWojXPbbrN\">\u4ec0\u9ebc\u662fHSTS\uff1f<\/h2>\n<p>HSTS\uff08HTTP Strict Transport Security\uff09\u662f\u4e00\u7a2e\u7db2\u7d61\u5b89\u5168\u6a5f\u5236\uff0c\u901a\u904e\u5f37\u5236\u5ba2\u6236\u7aef\uff08\u5982\u700f\u89bd\u5668\uff09\u50c5\u4f7f\u7528HTTPS\u5354\u8b70\u8207\u4f3a\u670d\u5668\u9032\u884c\u901a\u4fe1\uff0c\u5f9e\u800c\u9632\u6b62\u6f5b\u5728\u7684\u653b\u64ca\u3002\u7576\u4e00\u500b\u7db2\u7ad9\u555f\u7528HSTS\u5f8c\uff0c\u700f\u89bd\u5668\u6703\u8a18\u4f4f\u9019\u4e00\u8a2d\u5b9a\uff0c\u4e26\u5728\u672a\u4f86\u7684\u8acb\u6c42\u4e2d\u81ea\u52d5\u5c07HTTP\u8acb\u6c42\u8f49\u63db\u70baHTTPS\u8acb\u6c42\u3002<\/p>\n<h2 id=\"%e7%82%ba%e4%bb%80%e9%ba%bc%e8%a6%81%e4%bd%bf%e7%94%a8hsts%ef%bc%9f-MWojXPbbrN\">\u70ba\u4ec0\u9ebc\u8981\u4f7f\u7528HSTS\uff1f<\/h2>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>\u9632\u6b62\u4e2d\u9593\u4eba\u653b\u64ca\uff1a<\/strong>HSTS\u53ef\u4ee5\u6709\u6548\u9632\u6b62\u653b\u64ca\u8005\u5728\u7528\u6236\u548c\u4f3a\u670d\u5668\u4e4b\u9593\u63d2\u5165\u60e1\u610f\u4ee3\u78bc\u3002<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u63d0\u5347\u7528\u6236\u4fe1\u4efb\uff1a<\/strong>\u4f7f\u7528HTTPS\u548cHSTS\u53ef\u4ee5\u589e\u5f37\u7528\u6236\u5c0d\u7db2\u7ad9\u7684\u4fe1\u4efb\u611f\uff0c\u7279\u5225\u662f\u5728\u8655\u7406\u654f\u611f\u4fe1\u606f\u6642\u3002<\/li>\n<li><strong>SEO\u512a\u52e2\uff1a<\/strong>\u641c\u7d22\u5f15\u64ce\u5982Google\u5c0d\u4f7f\u7528HTTPS\u7684\u7db2\u7ad9\u7d66\u4e88\u66f4\u9ad8\u7684\u6392\u540d\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2 id=\"%e5%a6%82%e4%bd%95%e5%9c%a8apache%e4%bc%ba%e6%9c%8d%e5%99%a8%e4%b8%8a%e5%af%a6%e6%96%bdhsts-MWojXPbbrN\">\u5982\u4f55\u5728Apache\u4f3a\u670d\u5668\u4e0a\u5be6\u65bdHSTS<\/h2>\n<p>\u4ee5\u4e0b\u662f\u5be6\u65bdHSTS\u7684\u6b65\u9a5f\uff1a<\/p>\n<h3 id=\"%e6%ad%a5%e9%a9%9f1%ef%bc%9a%e7%a2%ba%e4%bf%9d%e7%b6%b2%e7%ab%99%e4%bd%bf%e7%94%a8https-MWojXPbbrN\">\u6b65\u9a5f1\uff1a\u78ba\u4fdd\u7db2\u7ad9\u4f7f\u7528HTTPS<\/h3>\n<p>\u5728\u555f\u7528HSTS\u4e4b\u524d\uff0c\u9996\u5148\u9700\u8981\u78ba\u4fdd\u60a8\u7684\u7db2\u7ad9\u5df2\u7d93\u6b63\u78ba\u914d\u7f6e\u4e86HTTPS\u3002\u9019\u901a\u5e38\u9700\u8981\u5b89\u88ddSSL\u8b49\u66f8\u3002\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u904e\u4ee5\u4e0b\u547d\u4ee4\u6aa2\u67e5\u60a8\u7684Apache\u4f3a\u670d\u5668\u662f\u5426\u5df2\u555f\u7528SSL\u6a21\u584a\uff1a<\/p>\n<pre><code>sudo a2enmod ssl<\/code><\/pre>\n<h3 id=\"%e6%ad%a5%e9%a9%9f2%ef%bc%9a%e7%b7%a8%e8%bc%afapache%e9%85%8d%e7%bd%ae%e6%96%87%e4%bb%b6-MWojXPbbrN\">\u6b65\u9a5f2\uff1a\u7de8\u8f2fApache\u914d\u7f6e\u6587\u4ef6<\/h3>\n<p>\u63a5\u4e0b\u4f86\uff0c\u60a8\u9700\u8981\u7de8\u8f2fApache\u7684\u914d\u7f6e\u6587\u4ef6\u3002\u9019\u901a\u5e38\u4f4d\u65bc\u4ee5\u4e0b\u8def\u5f91\uff1a<\/p>\n<pre><code>\/etc\/apache2\/sites-available\/000-default.conf<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\u5728\u8a72\u6587\u4ef6\u4e2d\uff0c\u627e\u5230\u60a8\u7684\u865b\u64ec\u4e3b\u6a5f\u914d\u7f6e\uff0c\u4e26\u6dfb\u52a0\u4ee5\u4e0b\u884c\uff1a<\/p>\n<pre><code>Header always set Strict-Transport-Security \"max-age=31536000; includeSubDomains; preload\"<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\u9019\u884c\u4ee3\u78bc\u7684\u542b\u7fa9\u5982\u4e0b\uff1a<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>max-age=31536000\uff1a<\/strong>\u9019\u8868\u793a\u700f\u89bd\u5668\u61c9\u8a72\u572831536000\u79d2\uff08\u5373\u4e00\u5e74\uff09\u5167\u8a18\u4f4fHSTS\u7b56\u7565\u3002<\/li>\n<li><strong>includeSubDomains\uff1a<\/strong>\u9019\u8868\u793aHSTS\u7b56\u7565\u5c07\u9069\u7528\u65bc\u6240\u6709\u5b50\u57df\u540d\u3002<\/li>\n<li><strong>preload\uff1a<\/strong>\u9019\u662f\u4e00\u500b\u53ef\u9078\u53c3\u6578\uff0c\u8868\u793a\u5e0c\u671b\u5c07\u60a8\u7684\u7db2\u7ad9\u6dfb\u52a0\u5230HSTS\u9810\u52a0\u8f09\u5217\u8868\u4e2d\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3 id=\"%e6%ad%a5%e9%a9%9f3%ef%bc%9a%e9%87%8d%e5%95%9fapache%e4%bc%ba%e6%9c%8d%e5%99%a8-MWojXPbbrN\">\u6b65\u9a5f3\uff1a\u91cd\u555fApache\u4f3a\u670d\u5668<\/h3>\n<p>\u5b8c\u6210\u914d\u7f6e\u5f8c\uff0c\u60a8\u9700\u8981\u91cd\u555fApache\u4f3a\u670d\u5668\u4ee5\u4f7f\u66f4\u6539\u751f\u6548\u3002\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u4ee5\u4e0b\u547d\u4ee4\uff1a<\/p>\n<pre><code>sudo systemctl restart apache2<\/code><\/pre>\n<h3 id=\"%e6%ad%a5%e9%a9%9f4%ef%bc%9a%e9%a9%97%e8%ad%89hsts%e6%98%af%e5%90%a6%e7%94%9f%e6%95%88-MWojXPbbrN\">\u6b65\u9a5f4\uff1a\u9a57\u8b49HSTS\u662f\u5426\u751f\u6548<\/h3>\n<p>\u60a8\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u700f\u89bd\u5668\u7684\u958b\u767c\u8005\u5de5\u5177\u6216\u5728\u7dda\u5de5\u5177\u4f86\u6aa2\u67e5HSTS\u662f\u5426\u5df2\u6b63\u78ba\u914d\u7f6e\u3002\u6253\u958b\u958b\u767c\u8005\u5de5\u5177\uff0c\u67e5\u770b\u7db2\u7d61\u8acb\u6c42\u7684\u6a19\u982d\uff0c\u61c9\u8a72\u80fd\u770b\u5230\u201cStrict-Transport-Security\u201d\u6a19\u982d\u3002<\/p>\n<h2 id=\"%e7%b8%bd%e7%b5%90-MWojXPbbrN\">\u7e3d\u7d50<\/h2>\n<p>\u5be6\u65bdHSTS\u7b56\u7565\u662f\u63d0\u5347\u7db2\u7ad9\u5b89\u5168\u6027\u7684\u91cd\u8981\u6b65\u9a5f\u3002\u901a\u904e\u5f37\u5236\u4f7f\u7528HTTPS\uff0c\u60a8\u4e0d\u50c5\u80fd\u4fdd\u8b77\u7528\u6236\u7684\u6578\u64da\uff0c\u9084\u80fd\u589e\u5f37\u7db2\u7ad9\u7684\u4fe1\u4efb\u5ea6\u548cSEO\u6392\u540d\u3002\u5c0d\u65bc\u5e0c\u671b\u5728\u9999\u6e2f\u63d0\u4f9b\u5b89\u5168\u7684\u7db2\u7d61\u670d\u52d9\u7684\u7528\u6236\uff0c\u9078\u64c7\u5408\u9069\u7684<a href=\"https:\/\/server.hk\">\u9999\u6e2fVPS<\/a>\u6216<a href=\"https:\/\/server.hk\">\u9999\u6e2f\u4f3a\u670d\u5668<\/a>\u89e3\u6c7a\u65b9\u6848\u5c07\u662f\u660e\u667a\u4e4b\u8209\u3002\u900f\u904e\u9019\u4e9b\u6b65\u9a5f\uff0c\u60a8\u53ef\u4ee5\u8f15\u9b06\u5730\u5728Apache\u4f3a\u670d\u5668\u4e0a\u5be6\u65bdHSTS\u7b56\u7565\uff0c\u70ba\u60a8\u7684\u7db2\u7ad9\u589e\u6dfb\u4e00\u5c64\u5b89\u5168\u9632\u8b77\u3002<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u5b78\u7fd2\u5982\u4f55\u5728Apache\u4f3a\u670d\u5668\u4e0a\u5be6\u65bdHSTS\u7b56\u7565\uff0c\u589e\u5f37\u7db2\u7ad9\u5b89\u5168\u6027\uff0c\u4fdd\u8b77\u7528\u6236\u8cc7\u6599\uff0c\u63d0\u5347\u4fe1\u4efb\u5ea6\u3002<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[4924],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-41868","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-setup-tutorials"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/server.hk\/cnblog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/41868","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/server.hk\/cnblog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/server.hk\/cnblog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/server.hk\/cnblog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/server.hk\/cnblog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=41868"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/server.hk\/cnblog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/41868\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":41869,"href":"https:\/\/server.hk\/cnblog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/41868\/revisions\/41869"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/server.hk\/cnblog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=41868"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/server.hk\/cnblog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=41868"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/server.hk\/cnblog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=41868"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}