{"id":36371,"date":"2024-10-01T09:06:41","date_gmt":"2024-10-01T01:06:41","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/server.hk\/cnblog\/36371\/"},"modified":"2024-10-01T09:06:41","modified_gmt":"2024-10-01T01:06:41","slug":"apache%e5%ae%89%e5%85%a8%e7%ad%96%e7%95%a5%ef%bc%9a%e4%bd%bf%e7%94%a8mod_headers%e5%af%a6%e6%96%bdhttp%e5%9a%b4%e6%a0%bc%e5%82%b3%e8%bc%b8%e5%ae%89%e5%85%a8","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/server.hk\/cnblog\/36371\/","title":{"rendered":"Apache\u5b89\u5168\u7b56\u7565\uff1a\u4f7f\u7528mod_headers\u5be6\u65bdHTTP\u56b4\u683c\u50b3\u8f38\u5b89\u5168"},"content":{"rendered":"<h1 id=\"apache%e5%ae%89%e5%85%a8%e7%ad%96%e7%95%a5%ef%bc%9a%e4%bd%bf%e7%94%a8mod_headers%e5%af%a6%e6%96%bdhttp%e5%9a%b4%e6%a0%bc%e5%82%b3%e8%bc%b8%e5%ae%89%e5%85%a8-jqygnFitCt\">Apache\u5b89\u5168\u7b56\u7565\uff1a\u4f7f\u7528mod_headers\u5be6\u65bdHTTP\u56b4\u683c\u50b3\u8f38\u5b89\u5168<\/h1>\n<p>\u5728\u7576\u4eca\u7684\u7db2\u7d61\u74b0\u5883\u4e2d\uff0c\u7db2\u7ad9\u5b89\u5168\u6027\u8b8a\u5f97\u8d8a\u4f86\u8d8a\u91cd\u8981\u3002\u96a8\u8457\u7db2\u7d61\u653b\u64ca\u7684\u983b\u7e41\u767c\u751f\uff0c\u7db2\u7ad9\u7ba1\u7406\u54e1\u5fc5\u9808\u63a1\u53d6\u6709\u6548\u7684\u63aa\u65bd\u4f86\u4fdd\u8b77\u7528\u6236\u6578\u64da\u548c\u96b1\u79c1\u3002HTTP\u56b4\u683c\u50b3\u8f38\u5b89\u5168\uff08HSTS\uff09\u662f\u4e00\u7a2e\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u5b89\u5168\u7b56\u7565\uff0c\u65e8\u5728\u9632\u6b62\u4e2d\u9593\u4eba\u653b\u64ca\u548c\u5176\u4ed6\u985e\u578b\u7684\u7db2\u7d61\u653b\u64ca\u3002\u672c\u6587\u5c07\u63a2\u8a0e\u5982\u4f55\u5728Apache\u4f3a\u670d\u5668\u4e0a\u4f7f\u7528mod_headers\u6a21\u7d44\u4f86\u5be6\u65bdHSTS\u3002<\/p>\n<h2 id=\"%e4%bb%80%e9%ba%bc%e6%98%afhttp%e5%9a%b4%e6%a0%bc%e5%82%b3%e8%bc%b8%e5%ae%89%e5%85%a8%ef%bc%88hsts%ef%bc%89%ef%bc%9f-jqygnFitCt\">\u4ec0\u9ebc\u662fHTTP\u56b4\u683c\u50b3\u8f38\u5b89\u5168\uff08HSTS\uff09\uff1f<\/h2>\n<p>HTTP\u56b4\u683c\u50b3\u8f38\u5b89\u5168\uff08HSTS\uff09\u662f\u4e00\u7a2e\u7db2\u7d61\u5b89\u5168\u7b56\u7565\uff0c\u901a\u904e\u5f37\u5236\u5ba2\u6236\u7aef\uff08\u5982\u700f\u89bd\u5668\uff09\u50c5\u901a\u904eHTTPS\u5354\u8b70\u8207\u4f3a\u670d\u5668\u9032\u884c\u901a\u4fe1\uff0c\u5f9e\u800c\u9632\u6b62\u6f5b\u5728\u7684\u653b\u64ca\u3002\u7576\u4e00\u500b\u7db2\u7ad9\u555f\u7528HSTS\u5f8c\uff0c\u700f\u89bd\u5668\u6703\u8a18\u4f4f\u9019\u4e00\u8a2d\u7f6e\uff0c\u4e26\u5728\u672a\u4f86\u7684\u8acb\u6c42\u4e2d\u81ea\u52d5\u5c07HTTP\u8acb\u6c42\u8f49\u63db\u70baHTTPS\u8acb\u6c42\u3002<\/p>\n<h2 id=\"%e7%82%ba%e4%bb%80%e9%ba%bc%e8%a6%81%e4%bd%bf%e7%94%a8hsts%ef%bc%9f-jqygnFitCt\">\u70ba\u4ec0\u9ebc\u8981\u4f7f\u7528HSTS\uff1f<\/h2>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>\u9632\u6b62\u4e2d\u9593\u4eba\u653b\u64ca\uff1a<\/strong>HSTS\u53ef\u4ee5\u6709\u6548\u9632\u6b62\u4e2d\u9593\u4eba\u653b\u64ca\uff0c\u9019\u7a2e\u653b\u64ca\u65b9\u5f0f\u901a\u5e38\u6703\u6514\u622a\u548c\u7be1\u6539\u7528\u6236\u8207\u4f3a\u670d\u5668\u4e4b\u9593\u7684\u901a\u4fe1\u3002<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u63d0\u5347\u7528\u6236\u4fe1\u4efb\uff1a<\/strong>\u4f7f\u7528HTTPS\u548cHSTS\u53ef\u4ee5\u63d0\u5347\u7528\u6236\u5c0d\u7db2\u7ad9\u7684\u4fe1\u4efb\u5ea6\uff0c\u7279\u5225\u662f\u5728\u8655\u7406\u654f\u611f\u4fe1\u606f\u6642\u3002<\/li>\n<li><strong>SEO\u512a\u52e2\uff1a<\/strong>\u641c\u7d22\u5f15\u64ce\u5982Google\u5df2\u7d93\u5c07HTTPS\u4f5c\u70ba\u6392\u540d\u56e0\u7d20\u4e4b\u4e00\uff0c\u4f7f\u7528HSTS\u53ef\u4ee5\u9593\u63a5\u63d0\u5347\u7db2\u7ad9\u7684SEO\u8868\u73fe\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2 id=\"%e5%a6%82%e4%bd%95%e5%9c%a8apache%e4%b8%ad%e5%95%9f%e7%94%a8hsts%ef%bc%9f-jqygnFitCt\">\u5982\u4f55\u5728Apache\u4e2d\u555f\u7528HSTS\uff1f<\/h2>\n<p>\u8981\u5728Apache\u4f3a\u670d\u5668\u4e0a\u555f\u7528HSTS\uff0c\u60a8\u9700\u8981\u4f7f\u7528mod_headers\u6a21\u7d44\u3002\u4ee5\u4e0b\u662f\u5177\u9ad4\u6b65\u9a5f\uff1a<\/p>\n<h3 id=\"%e6%ad%a5%e9%a9%9f1%ef%bc%9a%e7%a2%ba%e4%bf%9dmod_headers%e5%b7%b2%e5%95%9f%e7%94%a8-jqygnFitCt\">\u6b65\u9a5f1\uff1a\u78ba\u4fddmod_headers\u5df2\u555f\u7528<\/h3>\n<p>\u9996\u5148\uff0c\u60a8\u9700\u8981\u78ba\u4fddApache\u7684mod_headers\u6a21\u7d44\u5df2\u7d93\u555f\u7528\u3002\u60a8\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u904e\u4ee5\u4e0b\u547d\u4ee4\u4f86\u6aa2\u67e5\uff1a<\/p>\n<pre><code>apachectl -M | grep headers<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\u5982\u679c\u672a\u555f\u7528\uff0c\u60a8\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u4ee5\u4e0b\u547d\u4ee4\u4f86\u555f\u7528\u5b83\uff1a<\/p>\n<pre><code>a2enmod headers<\/code><\/pre>\n<h3 id=\"%e6%ad%a5%e9%a9%9f2%ef%bc%9a%e9%85%8d%e7%bd%aehsts%e6%a8%99%e9%a0%ad-jqygnFitCt\">\u6b65\u9a5f2\uff1a\u914d\u7f6eHSTS\u6a19\u982d<\/h3>\n<p>\u63a5\u4e0b\u4f86\uff0c\u60a8\u9700\u8981\u5728Apache\u7684\u914d\u7f6e\u6587\u4ef6\u4e2d\u6dfb\u52a0HSTS\u6a19\u982d\u3002\u9019\u901a\u5e38\u662f\u5728\u865b\u64ec\u4e3b\u6a5f\u914d\u7f6e\u6587\u4ef6\u6216\u4e3b\u914d\u7f6e\u6587\u4ef6\u4e2d\u9032\u884c\u3002\u60a8\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u4ee5\u4e0b\u4ee3\u78bc\u4f86\u6dfb\u52a0HSTS\u6a19\u982d\uff1a<\/p>\n<pre><code>&lt;IfModule mod_headers.c&gt;\n    Header set Strict-Transport-Security \"max-age=31536000; includeSubDomains; preload\"\n&lt;\/IfModule&gt;<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\u5728\u9019\u6bb5\u4ee3\u78bc\u4e2d\uff0cmax-age\u6307\u5b9a\u4e86HSTS\u7684\u6709\u6548\u671f\uff08\u4ee5\u79d2\u70ba\u55ae\u4f4d\uff09\uff0cincludeSubDomains\u8868\u793a\u6240\u6709\u5b50\u57df\u540d\u4e5f\u61c9\u8a72\u4f7f\u7528HSTS\uff0c\u800cpreload\u5247\u8868\u793a\u5e0c\u671b\u5c07\u7db2\u7ad9\u7d0d\u5165HSTS\u9810\u52a0\u8f09\u5217\u8868\u3002<\/p>\n<h3 id=\"%e6%ad%a5%e9%a9%9f3%ef%bc%9a%e9%87%8d%e5%95%9fapache%e4%bc%ba%e6%9c%8d%e5%99%a8-jqygnFitCt\">\u6b65\u9a5f3\uff1a\u91cd\u555fApache\u4f3a\u670d\u5668<\/h3>\n<p>\u5b8c\u6210\u914d\u7f6e\u5f8c\uff0c\u60a8\u9700\u8981\u91cd\u555fApache\u4f3a\u670d\u5668\u4ee5\u4f7f\u66f4\u6539\u751f\u6548\uff1a<\/p>\n<pre><code>systemctl restart apache2<\/code><\/pre>\n<h2 id=\"%e6%b8%ac%e8%a9%a6hsts%e9%85%8d%e7%bd%ae-jqygnFitCt\">\u6e2c\u8a66HSTS\u914d\u7f6e<\/h2>\n<p>\u914d\u7f6e\u5b8c\u6210\u5f8c\uff0c\u60a8\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u5404\u7a2e\u5728\u7dda\u5de5\u5177\u4f86\u6e2c\u8a66\u60a8\u7684HSTS\u8a2d\u7f6e\u662f\u5426\u6b63\u78ba\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u60a8\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528<a href=\"https:\/\/hstspreload.org\/\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\">HSTS Preload List Submission<\/a>\u4f86\u6aa2\u67e5\u60a8\u7684\u7db2\u7ad9\u662f\u5426\u7b26\u5408\u9810\u52a0\u8f09\u8981\u6c42\u3002<\/p>\n<h2 id=\"%e7%b5%90%e8%ab%96-jqygnFitCt\">\u7d50\u8ad6<\/h2>\n<p>\u5be6\u65bdHTTP\u56b4\u683c\u50b3\u8f38\u5b89\u5168\uff08HSTS\uff09\u662f\u63d0\u5347\u7db2\u7ad9\u5b89\u5168\u6027\u7684\u91cd\u8981\u6b65\u9a5f\u3002\u901a\u904e\u4f7f\u7528Apache\u7684mod_headers\u6a21\u7d44\uff0c\u7db2\u7ad9\u7ba1\u7406\u54e1\u53ef\u4ee5\u8f15\u9b06\u5730\u914d\u7f6eHSTS\uff0c\u5f9e\u800c\u4fdd\u8b77\u7528\u6236\u6578\u64da\u548c\u96b1\u79c1\u3002\u96a8\u8457\u7db2\u7d61\u5b89\u5168\u5a01\u8105\u7684\u589e\u52a0\uff0c\u63a1\u53d6\u9019\u4e9b\u63aa\u65bd\u8b8a\u5f97\u5c24\u70ba\u91cd\u8981\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u5982\u679c\u60a8\u6b63\u5728\u5c0b\u627e\u53ef\u9760\u7684<a href=\"https:\/\/server.hk\">\u9999\u6e2fVPS<\/a>\u89e3\u6c7a\u65b9\u6848\uff0cServer.HK\u63d0\u4f9b\u591a\u7a2e\u9078\u64c7\uff0c\u5e6b\u52a9\u60a8\u78ba\u4fdd\u7db2\u7ad9\u7684\u5b89\u5168\u6027\u548c\u7a69\u5b9a\u6027\u3002<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u4e86\u89e3\u5982\u4f55\u4f7f\u7528Apache\u7684mod_headers\u6a21\u7d44\u5be6\u65bdHTTP\u56b4\u683c\u50b3\u8f38\u5b89\u5168\uff08HSTS\uff09\uff0c\u52a0\u5f37\u7db2\u7ad9\u7684\u5b89\u5168\u6027\u548c\u6578\u64da\u4fdd\u8b77\u3002<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[4924],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-36371","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-setup-tutorials"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/server.hk\/cnblog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/36371","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/server.hk\/cnblog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/server.hk\/cnblog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/server.hk\/cnblog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/server.hk\/cnblog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=36371"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/server.hk\/cnblog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/36371\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":36372,"href":"https:\/\/server.hk\/cnblog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/36371\/revisions\/36372"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/server.hk\/cnblog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=36371"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/server.hk\/cnblog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=36371"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/server.hk\/cnblog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=36371"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}