{"id":36361,"date":"2024-10-01T08:41:40","date_gmt":"2024-10-01T00:41:40","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/server.hk\/cnblog\/36361\/"},"modified":"2024-10-01T08:41:40","modified_gmt":"2024-10-01T00:41:40","slug":"apache%e5%ae%89%e5%85%a8%e7%ad%96%e7%95%a5%ef%bc%9a%e4%bd%bf%e7%94%a8mod_headers%e9%85%8d%e7%bd%aexss%e4%bf%9d%e8%ad%b7","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/server.hk\/cnblog\/36361\/","title":{"rendered":"Apache\u5b89\u5168\u7b56\u7565\uff1a\u4f7f\u7528mod_headers\u914d\u7f6eXSS\u4fdd\u8b77"},"content":{"rendered":"<h1 id=\"apache%e5%ae%89%e5%85%a8%e7%ad%96%e7%95%a5%ef%bc%9a%e4%bd%bf%e7%94%a8mod_headers%e9%85%8d%e7%bd%aexss%e4%bf%9d%e8%ad%b7-YxrpAGWdOd\">Apache\u5b89\u5168\u7b56\u7565\uff1a\u4f7f\u7528mod_headers\u914d\u7f6eXSS\u4fdd\u8b77<\/h1>\n<p>\u5728\u7576\u4eca\u7684\u7db2\u7d61\u74b0\u5883\u4e2d\uff0c\u7db2\u7ad9\u5b89\u5168\u6027\u8b8a\u5f97\u8d8a\u4f86\u8d8a\u91cd\u8981\u3002\u8de8\u7ad9\u8173\u672c\u653b\u64ca\uff08XSS\uff09\u662f\u4e00\u7a2e\u5e38\u898b\u7684\u5b89\u5168\u6f0f\u6d1e\uff0c\u653b\u64ca\u8005\u53ef\u4ee5\u5229\u7528\u5b83\u4f86\u7aca\u53d6\u7528\u6236\u7684\u654f\u611f\u4fe1\u606f\u6216\u57f7\u884c\u60e1\u610f\u4ee3\u78bc\u3002\u70ba\u4e86\u4fdd\u8b77\u7db2\u7ad9\u514d\u53d7\u9019\u985e\u653b\u64ca\uff0cApache\u4f3a\u670d\u5668\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u4e00\u500b\u5f37\u5927\u7684\u6a21\u7d44\u2014\u2014mod_headers\uff0c\u901a\u904e\u914d\u7f6eHTTP\u6a19\u982d\u4f86\u589e\u5f37\u5b89\u5168\u6027\u3002<\/p>\n<h2 id=\"xss%e6%94%bb%e6%93%8a%e6%a6%82%e8%bf%b0-YxrpAGWdOd\">XSS\u653b\u64ca\u6982\u8ff0<\/h2>\n<p>XSS\u653b\u64ca\u901a\u5e38\u767c\u751f\u5728\u7528\u6236\u7684\u700f\u89bd\u5668\u4e2d\uff0c\u653b\u64ca\u8005\u5c07\u60e1\u610f\u8173\u672c\u6ce8\u5165\u5230\u7db2\u9801\u4e2d\uff0c\u7576\u7528\u6236\u8a2a\u554f\u8a72\u7db2\u9801\u6642\uff0c\u9019\u4e9b\u8173\u672c\u4fbf\u6703\u5728\u7528\u6236\u7684\u700f\u89bd\u5668\u4e2d\u57f7\u884c\u3002\u9019\u53ef\u80fd\u5c0e\u81f4\u7528\u6236\u7684\u6703\u8a71\u88ab\u52ab\u6301\u3001\u654f\u611f\u6578\u64da\u88ab\u7aca\u53d6\uff0c\u751a\u81f3\u7db2\u7ad9\u7684\u5b8c\u6574\u6027\u53d7\u5230\u5a01\u8105\u3002<\/p>\n<h2 id=\"mod_headers%e6%a8%a1%e7%b5%84%e4%bb%8b%e7%b4%b9-YxrpAGWdOd\">mod_headers\u6a21\u7d44\u4ecb\u7d39<\/h2>\n<p>mod_headers\u662fApache\u7684\u4e00\u500b\u6a21\u7d44\uff0c\u5141\u8a31\u7528\u6236\u5728HTTP\u97ff\u61c9\u4e2d\u6dfb\u52a0\u3001\u4fee\u6539\u6216\u522a\u9664\u6a19\u982d\u3002\u901a\u904e\u9069\u7576\u914d\u7f6emod_headers\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u6709\u6548\u5730\u9632\u6b62XSS\u653b\u64ca\u3002\u4ee5\u4e0b\u662f\u4e00\u4e9b\u5e38\u898b\u7684HTTP\u6a19\u982d\uff0c\u9019\u4e9b\u6a19\u982d\u53ef\u4ee5\u5e6b\u52a9\u589e\u5f37\u7db2\u7ad9\u7684\u5b89\u5168\u6027\uff1a<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>X-XSS-Protection<\/strong>: \u9019\u500b\u6a19\u982d\u53ef\u4ee5\u555f\u7528\u6216\u7981\u7528\u700f\u89bd\u5668\u7684XSS\u904e\u6ffe\u5668\u3002<\/li>\n<li><strong>Content-Security-Policy (CSP)<\/strong>: \u9019\u662f\u4e00\u7a2e\u5f37\u5927\u7684\u5b89\u5168\u7b56\u7565\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u9650\u5236\u54ea\u4e9b\u8cc7\u6e90\u53ef\u4ee5\u88ab\u52a0\u8f09\u548c\u57f7\u884c\u3002<\/li>\n<li><strong>X-Content-Type-Options<\/strong>: \u9632\u6b62\u700f\u89bd\u5668 MIME \u985e\u578b\u55c5\u63a2\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2 id=\"%e9%85%8d%e7%bd%aemod_headers%e4%bb%a5%e9%98%b2%e6%ad%a2xss-YxrpAGWdOd\">\u914d\u7f6emod_headers\u4ee5\u9632\u6b62XSS<\/h2>\n<p>\u4ee5\u4e0b\u662f\u5982\u4f55\u4f7f\u7528mod_headers\u914d\u7f6eApache\u4f3a\u670d\u5668\u4ee5\u9632\u6b62XSS\u653b\u64ca\u7684\u6b65\u9a5f\uff1a<\/p>\n<h3 id=\"1-%e5%95%9f%e7%94%a8mod_headers%e6%a8%a1%e7%b5%84-YxrpAGWdOd\">1. \u555f\u7528mod_headers\u6a21\u7d44<\/h3>\n<p>\u9996\u5148\uff0c\u78ba\u4fddmod_headers\u6a21\u7d44\u5df2\u7d93\u555f\u7528\u3002\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u4ee5\u4e0b\u547d\u4ee4\u4f86\u555f\u7528\uff1a<\/p>\n<pre><code>sudo a2enmod headers<\/code><\/pre>\n<h3 id=\"2-%e7%b7%a8%e8%bc%afapache%e9%85%8d%e7%bd%ae%e6%96%87%e4%bb%b6-YxrpAGWdOd\">2. \u7de8\u8f2fApache\u914d\u7f6e\u6587\u4ef6<\/h3>\n<p>\u63a5\u4e0b\u4f86\uff0c\u7de8\u8f2fApache\u7684\u914d\u7f6e\u6587\u4ef6\uff08\u901a\u5e38\u662fhttpd.conf\u6216apache2.conf\uff09\uff0c\u4e26\u6dfb\u52a0\u4ee5\u4e0b\u6a19\u982d\u914d\u7f6e\uff1a<\/p>\n<pre><code>\nHeader set X-XSS-Protection \"1; mode=block\"\nHeader set X-Content-Type-Options \"nosniff\"\nHeader set Content-Security-Policy \"default-src 'self'; script-src 'self'; object-src 'none';\"\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<h3 id=\"3-%e9%87%8d%e6%96%b0%e5%95%9f%e5%8b%95apache%e4%bc%ba%e6%9c%8d%e5%99%a8-YxrpAGWdOd\">3. \u91cd\u65b0\u555f\u52d5Apache\u4f3a\u670d\u5668<\/h3>\n<p>\u5b8c\u6210\u914d\u7f6e\u5f8c\uff0c\u91cd\u65b0\u555f\u52d5Apache\u4f3a\u670d\u5668\u4ee5\u4f7f\u66f4\u6539\u751f\u6548\uff1a<\/p>\n<pre><code>sudo systemctl restart apache2<\/code><\/pre>\n<h2 id=\"%e6%b8%ac%e8%a9%a6%e9%85%8d%e7%bd%ae-YxrpAGWdOd\">\u6e2c\u8a66\u914d\u7f6e<\/h2>\n<p>\u914d\u7f6e\u5b8c\u6210\u5f8c\uff0c\u5efa\u8b70\u4f7f\u7528\u700f\u89bd\u5668\u7684\u958b\u767c\u8005\u5de5\u5177\u4f86\u6aa2\u67e5HTTP\u97ff\u61c9\u6a19\u982d\uff0c\u78ba\u4fdd\u6240\u6dfb\u52a0\u7684\u6a19\u982d\u6b63\u78ba\u986f\u793a\u3002\u9019\u53ef\u4ee5\u5e6b\u52a9\u78ba\u8a8dXSS\u4fdd\u8b77\u662f\u5426\u5df2\u6210\u529f\u555f\u7528\u3002<\/p>\n<h2 id=\"%e7%b5%90%e8%ab%96-YxrpAGWdOd\">\u7d50\u8ad6<\/h2>\n<p>\u901a\u904e\u4f7f\u7528Apache\u7684mod_headers\u6a21\u7d44\uff0c\u7db2\u7ad9\u7ba1\u7406\u54e1\u53ef\u4ee5\u6709\u6548\u5730\u589e\u5f37\u7db2\u7ad9\u7684\u5b89\u5168\u6027\uff0c\u9632\u6b62XSS\u653b\u64ca\u3002\u6b63\u78ba\u914d\u7f6eHTTP\u6a19\u982d\u4e0d\u50c5\u80fd\u4fdd\u8b77\u7528\u6236\u7684\u654f\u611f\u4fe1\u606f\uff0c\u9084\u80fd\u63d0\u9ad8\u6574\u9ad4\u7db2\u7ad9\u7684\u4fe1\u4efb\u5ea6\u3002\u96a8\u8457\u7db2\u7d61\u5b89\u5168\u5a01\u8105\u7684\u65e5\u76ca\u589e\u52a0\uff0c\u63a1\u53d6\u9019\u4e9b\u63aa\u65bd\u662f\u6bcf\u500b\u7db2\u7ad9\u7ba1\u7406\u54e1\u7684\u8cac\u4efb\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u5982\u9700\u4e86\u89e3\u66f4\u591a\u6709\u95dc<code>VPS<\/code>\u548c<code>\u9999\u6e2f\u4f3a\u670d\u5668<\/code>\u7684\u8cc7\u8a0a\uff0c\u8acb\u8a2a\u554f\u6211\u5011\u7684\u7db2\u7ad9 <a href=\"https:\/\/server.hk\">Server.HK<\/a>\u3002<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Learn how to enhance your Apache security with mod_headers to configure effective XSS protection and safeguard your web applications.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[4924],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-36361","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-setup-tutorials"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/server.hk\/cnblog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/36361","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/server.hk\/cnblog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/server.hk\/cnblog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/server.hk\/cnblog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/server.hk\/cnblog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=36361"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/server.hk\/cnblog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/36361\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":36362,"href":"https:\/\/server.hk\/cnblog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/36361\/revisions\/36362"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/server.hk\/cnblog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=36361"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/server.hk\/cnblog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=36361"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/server.hk\/cnblog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=36361"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}