{"id":22201,"date":"2024-02-05T11:18:24","date_gmt":"2024-02-05T11:18:24","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/server.hk\/blog\/22201\/"},"modified":"2024-09-12T15:19:47","modified_gmt":"2024-09-12T15:19:47","slug":"automating-tasks-on-your-usa-vps-introduction-to-cron-jobs","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/server.hk\/cnblog\/22201\/","title":{"rendered":"\u5728\u60a8\u7684\u9999\u6e2f VPS \u4e0a\u81ea\u52d5\u5316\u4efb\u52d9\uff1aCron \u5de5\u4f5c\u7684\u4ecb\u7d39"},"content":{"rendered":"<h1 id=\"automating-tasks-on-your-usa-vps-introduction-to-cron-jobs-hfacuYeEur\">\u5728\u60a8\u7684\u9999\u6e2f VPS \u4e0a\u81ea\u52d5\u5316\u4efb\u52d9\uff1aCron \u5de5\u4f5c\u7684\u4ecb\u7d39<\/h1>\n<p>\u4f5c\u70ba\u7db2\u7ad9\u6240\u6709\u8005\u6216\u7ba1\u7406\u54e1\uff0c\u60a8\u53ef\u80fd\u6703\u5b9a\u671f\u5728\u60a8\u7684\u9999\u6e2f VPS\uff08\u865b\u64ec\u79c1\u4eba\u670d\u52d9\u5668\uff09\u4e0a\u57f7\u884c\u91cd\u8907\u7684\u4efb\u52d9\u3002\u9019\u4e9b\u4efb\u52d9\u53ef\u4ee5\u5f9e\u5099\u4efd\u6578\u64da\u3001\u66f4\u65b0\u8edf\u4ef6\u5230\u767c\u9001\u8a08\u5283\u96fb\u5b50\u90f5\u4ef6\u7b49\u3002\u624b\u52d5\u57f7\u884c\u9019\u4e9b\u4efb\u52d9\u53ef\u80fd\u65e2\u8017\u6642\u53c8\u5bb9\u6613\u51fa\u932f\u3002\u9019\u6642\u5019\uff0cCron \u5de5\u4f5c\u5c31\u6d3e\u4e0a\u7528\u5834\u4e86\u3002<\/p>\n<h2 id=\"what-are-cron-jobs-hfacuYeEur\">\u4ec0\u9ebc\u662f Cron \u5de5\u4f5c\uff1f<\/h2>\n<p>Cron \u5de5\u4f5c\u662f\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728\u60a8\u7684\u9999\u6e2f VPS \u4e0a\u8a2d\u5b9a\u7279\u5b9a\u9593\u9694\u81ea\u52d5\u57f7\u884c\u7684\u4efb\u52d9\u3002\u5b83\u5011\u662f\u4ee5 Unix \u985e\u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7d71\u4e0a\u904b\u884c\u7684 Cron \u5b88\u8b77\u9032\u7a0b\u547d\u540d\u7684\u3002Cron \u5de5\u4f5c\u5ee3\u6cdb\u7528\u65bc\u81ea\u52d5\u5316\u91cd\u8907\u4efb\u52d9\uff0c\u78ba\u4fdd\u7121\u9700\u4efb\u4f55\u624b\u52d5\u5e72\u9810\u5c31\u80fd\u57f7\u884c\u3002<\/p>\n<h2 id=\"how-do-cron-jobs-work-hfacuYeEur\">Cron \u5de5\u4f5c\u5982\u4f55\u904b\u4f5c\uff1f<\/h2>\n<p>Cron \u5de5\u4f5c\u901a\u904e crontab\uff08Cron \u8868\uff09\u6587\u4ef6\u7ba1\u7406\uff0c\u8a72\u6587\u4ef6\u5305\u542b\u4e00\u7cfb\u5217\u547d\u4ee4\u53ca\u5176\u57f7\u884c\u6642\u9593\u8868\u3002crontab \u6587\u4ef6\u4e2d\u7684\u6bcf\u4e00\u884c\u90fd\u4ee3\u8868\u4e00\u500b\u7368\u7acb\u7684 Cron \u5de5\u4f5c\u3002\u5927\u591a\u6578 Unix \u985e\u7cfb\u7d71\u7684 crontab \u6587\u4ef6\u5b58\u5132\u5728 \/etc \u76ee\u9304\u4e2d\u3002<\/p>\n<p>Cron \u5de5\u4f5c\u689d\u76ee\u7684\u8a9e\u6cd5\u7531\u516d\u500b\u5b57\u6bb5\u7d44\u6210\uff1a<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\u5206\u9418 (0-59)<\/li>\n<li>\u5c0f\u6642 (0-23)<\/li>\n<li>\u6708\u4efd\u4e2d\u7684\u67d0\u4e00\u5929 (1-31)<\/li>\n<li>\u6708\u4efd (1-12)<\/li>\n<li>\u4e00\u9031\u4e2d\u7684\u67d0\u4e00\u5929 (0-7\uff0c\u5176\u4e2d 0 \u548c 7 \u90fd\u4ee3\u8868\u661f\u671f\u65e5)<\/li>\n<li>\u8981\u57f7\u884c\u7684\u547d\u4ee4<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u4ee5\u4e0b\u7684 Cron \u5de5\u4f5c\u689d\u76ee\u5c07\u6bcf\u5929\u51cc\u6668 2:30 \u57f7\u884c\u4e00\u500b\u5099\u4efd\u8173\u672c\uff1a<\/p>\n<pre><code>30 2 * * * \/path\/to\/backup.sh<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\u8a2d\u5b9a Cron \u5de5\u4f5c\u5f8c\uff0cCron \u5b88\u8b77\u9032\u7a0b\u6bcf\u5206\u9418\u6aa2\u67e5\u4e00\u6b21 crontab \u6587\u4ef6\uff0c\u770b\u662f\u5426\u6709\u4efb\u52d9\u9810\u5b9a\u8981\u57f7\u884c\u3002\u5982\u679c\u4efb\u52d9\u7684\u6642\u9593\u8868\u8207\u7576\u524d\u6642\u9593\u5339\u914d\uff0cCron \u5b88\u8b77\u9032\u7a0b\u5c31\u6703\u57f7\u884c\u76f8\u95dc\u547d\u4ee4\u3002<\/p>\n<h2 id=\"common-use-cases-for-cron-jobs-hfacuYeEur\">Cron \u5de5\u4f5c\u7684\u5e38\u898b\u7528\u4f8b<\/h2>\n<p>Cron \u5de5\u4f5c\u5728\u60a8\u7684\u9999\u6e2f VPS 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id=\"scheduled-emails-hfacuYeEur\">\u8a08\u5283\u96fb\u5b50\u90f5\u4ef6<\/h3>\n<p>\u5982\u679c\u60a8\u9700\u8981\u5728\u7279\u5b9a\u6642\u9593\u767c\u9001\u96fb\u5b50\u90f5\u4ef6\uff0cCron \u5de5\u4f5c\u53ef\u4ee5\u70ba\u60a8\u8655\u7406\u9019\u9805\u4efb\u52d9\u3002\u7121\u8ad6\u662f\u767c\u9001\u65b0\u805e\u901a\u8a0a\u3001\u901a\u77e5\u9084\u662f\u5831\u544a\uff0c\u60a8\u90fd\u53ef\u4ee5\u6392\u5b9a\u96fb\u5b50\u90f5\u4ef6\u767c\u9001\u904e\u7a0b\u81ea\u52d5\u57f7\u884c\u3002<\/p>\n<h3 id=\"data-synchronization-hfacuYeEur\">\u6578\u64da\u540c\u6b65<\/h3>\n<p>\u5982\u679c\u60a8\u6709\u591a\u500b\u670d\u52d9\u5668\u6216\u6578\u64da\u5eab\u9700\u8981\u5b9a\u671f\u540c\u6b65\uff0cCron \u5de5\u4f5c\u53ef\u4ee5\u81ea\u52d5\u5316\u540c\u6b65\u904e\u7a0b\u3002\u9019\u78ba\u4fdd\u60a8\u7684\u6578\u64da\u5728\u6240\u6709\u7cfb\u7d71\u4e2d\u4fdd\u6301\u4e00\u81f4\u3002<\/p>\n<h2 id=\"conclusion-hfacuYeEur\">\u7d50\u8ad6<\/h2>\n<p>Cron \u5de5\u4f5c\u662f\u5728\u60a8\u7684\u9999\u6e2f VPS \u4e0a\u81ea\u52d5\u5316\u4efb\u52d9\u7684\u5f37\u5927\u5de5\u5177\u3002\u901a\u904e\u6392\u5b9a\u91cd\u8907\u4efb\u52d9\u81ea\u52d5\u57f7\u884c\uff0c\u60a8\u53ef\u4ee5\u7bc0\u7701\u6642\u9593\uff0c\u6e1b\u5c11\u4eba\u70ba\u932f\u8aa4\uff0c\u4e26\u78ba\u4fdd\u91cd\u8981\u904e\u7a0b\u7684\u4e00\u81f4\u6027\u57f7\u884c\u3002\u7121\u8ad6\u662f\u5099\u4efd\u3001\u8edf\u4ef6\u66f4\u65b0\u3001\u8a08\u5283\u96fb\u5b50\u90f5\u4ef6\u9084\u662f\u6578\u64da\u540c\u6b65\uff0cCron \u5de5\u4f5c\u90fd\u53ef\u4ee5\u7c21\u5316\u60a8\u7684\u7ba1\u7406\u4efb\u52d9\uff0c\u63d0\u9ad8\u60a8\u7684\u7db2\u7ad9\u6216\u61c9\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\u7684\u6548\u7387\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u8981\u4e86\u89e3\u66f4\u591a\u95dc\u65bc\u9999\u6e2f VPS \u6258\u7ba1\u4ee5\u53ca\u5b83\u5982\u4f55\u70ba\u60a8\u7684\u696d\u52d9\u5e36\u4f86\u597d\u8655\u7684\u4fe1\u606f\uff0c\u8acb\u8a2a\u554f <a href=\"https:\/\/server.hk\">Server.HK<\/a>\u3002<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u5728\u60a8\u7684\u9999\u6e2f VPS 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