{"id":21565,"date":"2024-01-02T11:35:25","date_gmt":"2024-01-02T11:35:25","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/server.hk\/blog\/21565\/"},"modified":"2024-11-14T10:30:39","modified_gmt":"2024-11-14T02:30:39","slug":"mongodb-glossary-scram","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/server.hk\/cnblog\/21565\/","title":{"rendered":"MongoDB\u8a5e\u5f59\u8868 &#8211; SCRAM"},"content":{"rendered":"<h1 id=\"mongodb-glossary-scram-HAXRThQOuH\">MongoDB\u8a5e\u5f59\u8868 &#8211; SCRAM<\/h1>\n<p>\u5728\u6578\u64da\u5eab\u7684\u4e16\u754c\u4e2d\uff0cMongoDB\u56e0\u5176\u9748\u6d3b\u6027\u3001\u53ef\u64f4\u5c55\u6027\u53ca\u6613\u7528\u6027\u800c\u53d7\u5230\u4e86\u5ee3\u6cdb\u7684\u95dc\u6ce8\u3002\u4f5c\u70ba\u4e00\u5bb6\u9818\u5148\u7684VPS\u4e3b\u6a5f\u516c\u53f8\uff0cServer.HK\u6df1\u77e5\u63d0\u4f9b\u6709\u95dcMongoDB\u53ca\u5176\u5404\u985e\u529f\u80fd\u7684\u5168\u9762\u4fe1\u606f\u7684\u91cd\u8981\u6027\u3002\u5728\u9019\u7bc7\u6587\u7ae0\u4e2d\uff0c\u6211\u5011\u5c07\u63a2\u7d22\u4e00\u9805\u540d\u70baSCRAM\u7684\u7279\u6027\uff0c\u5373\u52a0\u9e7d\u6311\u6230\u97ff\u61c9\u8eab\u4efd\u9a57\u8b49\u6a5f\u5236\u3002<\/p>\n<h2 id=\"what-is-scram-HAXRThQOuH\">\u4ec0\u9ebc\u662fSCRAM\uff1f<\/h2>\n<p>SCRAM\u662f\u4e00\u7a2e\u5728MongoDB\u4e2d\u5ee3\u6cdb\u4f7f\u7528\u7684\u8eab\u4efd\u9a57\u8b49\u6a5f\u5236\uff0c\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u4e00\u7a2e\u5b89\u5168\u7684\u7528\u6236\u8eab\u4efd\u8a8d\u8b49\u65b9\u5f0f\u3002\u5b83\u57fa\u65bc\u6311\u6230\u97ff\u61c9\u6a21\u578b\uff0c\u4f3a\u670d\u5668\u901a\u904e\u6311\u6230\u5ba2\u6236\u7aef\u4f86\u8b49\u660e\u5176\u8eab\u4efd\uff0c\u5ba2\u6236\u7aef\u5247\u7528\u6b63\u78ba\u7684\u6191\u64da\u4f5c\u51fa\u56de\u61c9\u3002<\/p>\n<p>SCRAM\u4f7f\u7528\u52a0\u9e7d\u5bc6\u78bc\u548cHMAC-SHA-256\u54c8\u5e0c\u7684\u7d44\u5408\uff0c\u5728\u8eab\u4efd\u9a57\u8b49\u904e\u7a0b\u4e2d\u4fdd\u8b77\u7528\u6236\u6191\u64da\u3002\u52a0\u9e7d\u5bc6\u78bc\u78ba\u4fdd\u5373\u4f7f\u5169\u540d\u7528\u6236\u64c1\u6709\u76f8\u540c\u7684\u5bc6\u78bc\uff0c\u4ed6\u5011\u7684\u54c8\u5e0c\u503c\u4e5f\u6703\u4e0d\u540c\uff0c\u70ba\u5b89\u5168\u6027\u589e\u6dfb\u4e86\u4e00\u5c64\u4fdd\u8b77\u3002<\/p>\n<h2 id=\"how-does-scram-work-HAXRThQOuH\">SCRAM\u5982\u4f55\u904b\u4f5c\uff1f<\/h2>\n<p>\u7576\u5ba2\u6236\u7aef\u9023\u63a5\u5230MongoDB\u4f3a\u670d\u5668\u6642\uff0c\u5b83\u6703\u5411\u4f3a\u670d\u5668\u767c\u9001\u7528\u6236\u540d\u548c\u4e00\u500b\u96a8\u6a5f\u6578\uff08nonce\uff09\u3002\u4f3a\u670d\u5668\u6703\u56de\u61c9\u4e00\u500b\u52a0\u9e7d\u5bc6\u78bc\u548c\u53e6\u4e00\u500b\u96a8\u6a5f\u6578\u3002\u96a8\u5f8c\uff0c\u5ba2\u6236\u7aef\u5c07\u5176\u5bc6\u78bc\u8207\u63a5\u6536\u5230\u7684\u9e7d\u7d50\u5408\uff0c\u4e26\u4f7f\u7528HMAC-SHA-256\u5c0d\u5176\u9032\u884c\u54c8\u5e0c\u3002\u5b83\u6703\u5c07\u751f\u6210\u7684\u54c8\u5e0c\u503c\u767c\u9001\u56de\u4f3a\u670d\u5668\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u4f3a\u670d\u5668\u4f7f\u7528\u5b58\u5132\u7684\u52a0\u9e7d\u5bc6\u78bc\u9032\u884c\u76f8\u540c\u7684\u54c8\u5e0c\u8655\u7406\uff0c\u4e26\u5c07\u7d50\u679c\u8207\u5f9e\u5ba2\u6236\u7aef\u6536\u5230\u7684\u54c8\u5e0c\u9032\u884c\u6bd4\u8f03\u3002\u5982\u679c\u5b83\u5011\u5339\u914d\uff0c\u5247\u8996\u5ba2\u6236\u7aef\u70ba\u5df2\u901a\u904e\u8eab\u4efd\u9a57\u8b49\uff0c\u4f3a\u670d\u5668\u5c07\u6388\u4e88\u5c0d\u6240\u8acb\u6c42\u8cc7\u6e90\u7684\u8a2a\u554f\u6b0a\u9650\u3002<\/p>\n<h2 id=\"advantages-of-scram-HAXRThQOuH\">SCRAM\u7684\u512a\u52e2<\/h2>\n<p>SCRAM\u76f8\u8f03\u65bc\u5176\u4ed6\u8eab\u4efd\u9a57\u8b49\u6a5f\u5236\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u5e7e\u500b\u512a\u52e2\uff1a<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>\u5b89\u5168\u6027\uff1a<\/strong>SCRAM\u900f\u904e\u4f7f\u7528\u52a0\u9e7d\u5bc6\u78bc\u548c\u5f37\u52a0\u5bc6\u54c8\u5e0c\u7b97\u6cd5\uff0c\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u4e00\u7a2e\u5b89\u5168\u7684\u7528\u6236\u8eab\u4efd\u9a57\u8b49\u65b9\u5f0f\u3002<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u9748\u6d3b\u6027\uff1a<\/strong>SCRAM\u652f\u6301\u591a\u7a2e\u8eab\u4efd\u9a57\u8b49\u6a5f\u5236\uff0c\u5305\u62ecSCRAM-SHA-1\u548cSCRAM-SHA-256\uff0c\u8b93\u7528\u6236\u53ef\u4ee5\u6839\u64da\u81ea\u8eab\u7684\u5b89\u5168\u9700\u6c42\u9078\u64c7\u5408\u9069\u7684\u6a5f\u5236\u3002<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u517c\u5bb9\u6027\uff1a<\/strong>SCRAM\u88ab\u5927\u591a\u6578MongoDB\u9a45\u52d5\u7a0b\u5e8f\u548c\u5eab\u6240\u652f\u6301\uff0c\u65b9\u4fbf\u5728\u73fe\u6709\u61c9\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\u4e2d\u9032\u884c\u96c6\u6210\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2 id=\"using-scram-in-mongodb-HAXRThQOuH\">\u5728MongoDB\u4e2d\u4f7f\u7528SCRAM<\/h2>\n<p>\u8981\u5728MongoDB\u4e2d\u555f\u7528SCRAM\u8eab\u4efd\u9a57\u8b49\uff0c\u60a8\u9700\u8981\u914d\u7f6e\u4f3a\u670d\u5668\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528SCRAM\u6a5f\u5236\uff0c\u4e26\u5275\u5efa\u4f7f\u7528SCRAM\u6191\u64da\u7684\u7528\u6236\u5e33\u6236\u3002\u60a8\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528MongoDB\u547d\u4ee4\u884c\u754c\u9762\u6216\u4efb\u4f55MongoDB\u7ba1\u7406\u5de5\u5177\u4f86\u5b8c\u6210\u6b64\u64cd\u4f5c\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u4ee5\u4e0b\u662f\u4f7f\u7528MongoDB\u547d\u4ee4\u884c\u5275\u5efa\u64c1\u6709SCRAM-SHA-256\u6191\u64da\u7684\u7528\u6236\u7684\u793a\u4f8b\uff1a<\/p>\n<pre><code>use admin\r\ndb.createUser({\r\n  user: \"myuser\",\r\n  pwd: \"mypassword\",\r\n  roles: [\"readWrite\"],\r\n  mechanisms: [\"SCRAM-SHA-256\"]\r\n})<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\u4e00\u65e6\u7528\u6236\u5275\u5efa\u5b8c\u6210\uff0c\u60a8\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528SCRAM\u6191\u64da\u9023\u63a5\u5230MongoDB\u4f3a\u670d\u5668\uff1a<\/p>\n<pre><code>mongo --authenticationMechanism SCRAM-SHA-256 -u myuser -p mypassword<\/code><\/pre>\n<h2 id=\"summary-HAXRThQOuH\">\u7e3d\u7d50<\/h2>\n<p>SCRAM\uff08\u52a0\u9e7d\u6311\u6230\u97ff\u61c9\u8eab\u4efd\u9a57\u8b49\u6a5f\u5236\uff09\u662f\u4e00\u7a2e\u5728MongoDB\u4e2d\u5b89\u5168\u7684\u8eab\u4efd\u9a57\u8b49\u6a5f\u5236\uff0c\u901a\u904e\u4f7f\u7528\u52a0\u9e7d\u5bc6\u78bc\u548c\u5f37\u52a0\u5bc6\u54c8\u5e0c\u7b97\u6cd5\u4f86\u4fdd\u8b77\u7528\u6236\u6191\u64da\u3002\u5b83\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u5b89\u5168\u6027\u3001\u9748\u6d3b\u6027\u548c\u517c\u5bb9\u6027\uff0c\u4f7f\u5176\u6210\u70ba\u5728MongoDB\u90e8\u7f72\u4e2d\u8a8d\u8b49\u7528\u6236\u7684\u71b1\u9580\u9078\u64c7\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u4f5c\u70ba\u4e00\u5bb6\u9818\u5148\u7684VPS\u4e3b\u6a5f\u516c\u53f8\uff0cServer.HK\u70baMongoDB\u53ca\u5176\u4ed6\u6578\u64da\u5eab\u63d0\u4f9b\u53ef\u9760\u4e14\u5b89\u5168\u7684\u4e3b\u6a5f\u89e3\u6c7a\u65b9\u6848\u3002\u5982\u679c\u60a8\u6b63\u5728\u5c0b\u627e\u4e00\u6d41\u7684VPS\u4e3b\u6a5f\u670d\u52d9\uff0c\u8acb\u8a2a\u554f<a href=\"https:\/\/server.hk\">Server.HK<\/a>\u4ee5\u7372\u53d6\u66f4\u591a\u4fe1\u606f\u3002<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>MongoDB\u8a5e\u5f59\u8868 &#038;#821&#46;&#46;&#46;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[4925],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-21565","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-4925"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/server.hk\/cnblog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/21565","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/server.hk\/cnblog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/server.hk\/cnblog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/server.hk\/cnblog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/server.hk\/cnblog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=21565"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/server.hk\/cnblog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/21565\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":23882,"href":"https:\/\/server.hk\/cnblog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/21565\/revisions\/23882"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/server.hk\/cnblog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=21565"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/server.hk\/cnblog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=21565"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/server.hk\/cnblog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=21565"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}