{"id":21521,"date":"2024-01-02T10:46:25","date_gmt":"2024-01-02T10:46:25","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/server.hk\/blog\/21521\/"},"modified":"2024-11-14T10:31:22","modified_gmt":"2024-11-14T02:31:22","slug":"mongodb-glossary-shard-key","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/server.hk\/cnblog\/21521\/","title":{"rendered":"MongoDB\u8a5e\u5f59\u8868 &#8211; \u5206\u7247\u9375"},"content":{"rendered":"<h1 id=\"mongodb-glossary-shard-key-PzZYgCVhrR\">MongoDB\u8a5e\u5f59\u8868 &#8211; \u5206\u7247\u9375<\/h1>\n<p>\u5728MongoDB\u7684\u4e16\u754c\u4e2d\uff0c\u5206\u7247\u9375\u5728\u5206\u7247\u96c6\u7fa4\u4e2d\u8de8\u591a\u500b\u5206\u7247\u5206\u767c\u6578\u64da\u626e\u6f14\u8457\u81f3\u95dc\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u89d2\u8272\u3002\u5b83\u78ba\u5b9a\u4e86\u6578\u64da\u7684\u5206\u5340\u548c\u5206\u767c\u65b9\u5f0f\uff0c\u5be6\u73fe\u4e86\u9ad8\u6548\u7684\u64f4\u5c55\u6027\u548c\u6539\u5584\u7684\u6027\u80fd\u3002\u5728\u672c\u6587\u4e2d\uff0c\u6211\u5011\u5c07\u63a2\u8a0e\u5206\u7247\u9375\u7684\u6982\u5ff5\u4ee5\u53ca\u5728MongoDB\u4e2d\u7684\u91cd\u8981\u6027\u3002<\/p>\n<h2 id=\"understanding-sharding-PzZYgCVhrR\">\u7406\u89e3\u5206\u7247<\/h2>\n<p>\u5206\u7247\u662f\u4e00\u7a2e\u6280\u8853\uff0c\u5b83\u901a\u904e\u5c07\u6578\u64da\u8de8\u591a\u500b\u670d\u52d9\u5668\u6216\u5206\u7247\u5206\u767c\uff0c\u5be6\u73fe\u4e86\u5c0dMongoDB\u6578\u64da\u5eab\u7684\u6c34\u5e73\u64f4\u5c55\u3002\u6bcf\u500b\u5206\u7247\u5305\u542b\u4e86\u6578\u64da\u7684\u4e00\u90e8\u5206\uff0c\u5f9e\u800c\u5be6\u73fe\u4e86\u4e26\u884c\u8655\u7406\u548c\u589e\u52a0\u7684\u5b58\u5132\u5bb9\u91cf\u3002\u5206\u7247\u7279\u5225\u9069\u7528\u65bc\u8655\u7406\u5927\u578b\u6578\u64da\u96c6\u548c\u9ad8\u91cf\u5beb\u5165\u8ca0\u8f09\u3002<\/p>\n<h2 id=\"what-is-a-shard-key-PzZYgCVhrR\">\u4ec0\u9ebc\u662f\u5206\u7247\u9375\uff1f<\/h2>\n<p>\u5206\u7247\u9375\u662fMongoDB\u7528\u4f86\u78ba\u5b9a\u6587\u6a94\u6240\u5c6c\u5206\u7247\u7684\u5b57\u6bb5\u6216\u5b57\u6bb5\u7d44\u5408\u3002\u5728\u5275\u5efa\u5206\u7247\u96c6\u5408\u6642\u5b9a\u7fa9\u8a72\u9375\uff0c\u5c0d\u65bc\u6709\u6548\u7684\u6578\u64da\u5206\u767c\u800c\u8a00\u81f3\u95dc\u91cd\u8981\u3002MongoDB\u4f7f\u7528\u5206\u7247\u9375\u503c\u4f86\u78ba\u5b9a\u8b80\u53d6\u548c\u5beb\u5165\u64cd\u4f5c\u7684\u76ee\u6a19\u5206\u7247\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u9078\u64c7\u9069\u7576\u7684\u5206\u7247\u9375\u5c0d\u65bc\u5be6\u73fe\u6700\u4f73\u6027\u80fd\u548c\u53ef\u64f4\u5c55\u6027\u81f3\u95dc\u91cd\u8981\u3002\u4e00\u500b\u9078\u64c7\u5f97\u7576\u7684\u5206\u7247\u9375\u78ba\u4fdd\u4e86\u6578\u64da\u5728\u5206\u7247\u9593\u5747\u52fb\u5206\u4f48\uff0c\u6e1b\u5c11\u4e86\u71b1\u9ede\u4e26\u9632\u6b62\u4e0d\u5747\u52fb\u7684\u8ca0\u8f09\u5206\u4f48\u3002<\/p>\n<h2 id=\"properties-of-a-good-shard-key-PzZYgCVhrR\">\u826f\u597d\u5206\u7247\u9375\u7684\u7279\u6027<\/h2>\n<p>\u5728\u9078\u64c7\u5206\u7247\u9375\u6642\uff0c\u6709\u5e7e\u500b\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u7279\u6027\u9700\u8981\u8003\u616e\uff1a<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>\u57fa\u6578\u6027\uff1a<\/strong> \u826f\u597d\u7684\u5206\u7247\u9375\u61c9\u5177\u6709\u9ad8\u57fa\u6578\u6027\uff0c\u610f\u5473\u8457\u5b83\u61c9\u5177\u6709\u5927\u91cf\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u503c\u3002\u9019\u78ba\u4fdd\u4e86\u6578\u64da\u5728\u5206\u7247\u9593\u7684\u5747\u52fb\u5206\u4f48\u3002<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u5beb\u5165\u5206\u4f48\uff1a<\/strong> \u5206\u7247\u9375\u61c9\u8a72\u5747\u52fb\u5730\u5c07\u5beb\u5165\u64cd\u4f5c\u5206\u4f48\u5230\u5404\u500b\u5206\u7247\uff0c\u4ee5\u9632\u6b62\u71b1\u9ede\u51fa\u73fe\u3002\u907f\u514d\u9078\u64c7\u5c0e\u81f4\u55ae\u500b\u5206\u7247\u63a5\u6536\u5230\u4e0d\u5747\u52fb\u5beb\u5165\u6578\u91cf\u7684\u5206\u7247\u9375\u3002<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u67e5\u8a62\u9694\u96e2\uff1a<\/strong> \u5206\u7247\u9375\u61c9\u5728\u53ef\u80fd\u7684\u60c5\u6cc1\u4e0b\u5c07\u67e5\u8a62\u9694\u96e2\u5230\u55ae\u500b\u5206\u7247\u3002\u9019\u6e1b\u5c11\u4e86\u5728\u591a\u500b\u5206\u7247\u9593\u9032\u884c\u6563\u4e82\u6536\u96c6\u64cd\u4f5c\u7684\u9700\u6c42\uff0c\u63d0\u9ad8\u4e86\u67e5\u8a62\u6027\u80fd\u3002<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u6578\u64da\u589e\u9577\uff1a<\/strong> \u5728\u9078\u64c7\u5206\u7247\u9375\u6642\u8981\u8003\u616e\u6578\u64da\u7684\u672a\u4f86\u589e\u9577\u3002\u826f\u597d\u7684\u5206\u7247\u9375\u61c9\u8a72\u80fd\u5920\u5bb9\u7d0d\u6578\u64da\u7684\u589e\u9577\uff0c\u800c\u4e0d\u9700\u8981\u983b\u7e41\u9077\u79fb\u6216\u5e73\u8861\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2 id=\"examples-of-shard-keys-PzZYgCVhrR\">\u5206\u7247\u9375\u7684\u4f8b\u5b50<\/h2>\n<p>\u8b93\u6211\u5011\u8003\u616e\u4e00\u500b\u5047\u8a2d\u60c5\u5883\uff0c\u5047\u8a2d\u6211\u5011\u6709\u4e00\u500b\u5b58\u5132\u5ba2\u6236\u6578\u64da\u7684MongoDB\u96c6\u5408\u3002\u5c0d\u65bc\u9019\u500b\u96c6\u5408\uff0c\u4e00\u4e9b\u53ef\u80fd\u7684\u5206\u7247\u9375\u9078\u64c7\u5305\u62ec\uff1a<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><code>customer_id<\/code>: \u5982\u679c\u61c9\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\u7d93\u5e38\u901a\u904e\u5ba2\u6236\u7684\u552f\u4e00\u6a19\u8b58\u7b26\u67e5\u8a62\u5ba2\u6236\u6578\u64da\uff0c\u4f7f\u7528<code>customer_id<\/code>\u4f5c\u70ba\u5206\u7247\u9375\u53ef\u4ee5\u63d0\u4f9b\u826f\u597d\u7684\u67e5\u8a62\u9694\u96e2\u3002<\/li>\n<li><code>country<\/code>: \u5982\u679c\u61c9\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\u9700\u8981\u6839\u64da\u5ba2\u6236\u6240\u5728\u570b\u5bb6\u4f86\u5206\u767c\u6578\u64da\uff0c\u4f7f\u7528<code>country<\/code>\u4f5c\u70ba\u5206\u7247\u9375\u53ef\u4ee5\u78ba\u4fdd\u6578\u64da\u5728\u5206\u7247\u9593\u5747\u52fb\u5206\u4f48\u3002<\/li>\n<li><code>timestamp<\/code>: \u5982\u679c\u61c9\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\u4e3b\u8981\u901a\u904e\u6642\u9593\u7bc4\u570d\u67e5\u8a62\u6578\u64da\uff0c\u4f7f\u7528<code>timestamp<\/code>\u4f5c\u70ba\u5206\u7247\u9375\u53ef\u4ee5\u63d0\u4f9b\u9ad8\u6548\u7684\u67e5\u8a62\u6027\u80fd\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u662f\u8981\u6ce8\u610f\uff0c\u5206\u7247\u9375\u7684\u9078\u64c7\u53d6\u6c7a\u65bc\u61c9\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\u7684\u7279\u5b9a\u9700\u6c42\u548c\u8a2a\u554f\u6a21\u5f0f\u3002\u5206\u6790\u67e5\u8a62\u6a21\u5f0f\u548c\u5de5\u4f5c\u8ca0\u8f09\u7279\u6027\u6709\u52a9\u65bc\u9078\u64c7\u9069\u7576\u7684\u5206\u7247\u9375\u3002<\/p>\n<h2 id=\"conclusion-PzZYgCVhrR\">\u7d50\u8ad6<\/h2>\n<p>\u5206\u7247\u9375\u662fMongoDB\u5206\u7247\u67b6\u69cb\u4e2d\u7684\u4e00\u500b\u95dc\u9375\u7d44\u6210\u90e8\u5206\u3002\u5b83\u78ba\u5b9a\u4e86\u6578\u64da\u5982\u4f55\u5728\u5206\u7247\u9593\u5206\u767c\uff0c\u5be6\u73fe\u4e86\u6c34\u5e73\u64f4\u5c55\u548c\u6539\u5584\u7684\u6027\u80fd\u3002\u9078\u64c7\u9069\u7576\u7684\u5206\u7247\u9375\u5c0d\u65bc\u5be6\u73fe\u6700\u4f73\u6027\u80fd\u548c\u53ef\u64f4\u5c55\u6027\u81f3\u95dc\u91cd\u8981\u3002\u901a\u904e\u8003\u616e\u57fa\u6578\u6027\u3001\u5beb\u5165\u5206\u4f48\u3001\u67e5\u8a62\u9694\u96e2\u548c\u6578\u64da\u589e\u9577\u7b49\u7279\u6027\uff0c\u60a8\u53ef\u4ee5\u9078\u64c7\u4e00\u500b\u6700\u9069\u5408\u61c9\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\u9700\u6c42\u7684\u5206\u7247\u9375\u3002<\/p>\n<h2 id=\"summary-PzZYgCVhrR\">\u7e3d\u7d50<\/h2>\n<p>\u7e3d\u4e4b\uff0c\u5206\u7247\u9375\u662f\u4e00\u500b\u5b57\u6bb5\u6216\u5b57\u6bb5\u7d44\u5408\uff0c\u5b83\u78ba\u5b9a\u4e86\u6587\u6a94\u5728MongoDB\u5206\u7247\u96c6\u7fa4\u4e2d\u6240\u5c6c\u7684\u5206\u7247\u3002\u5b83\u5728\u6578\u64da\u5206\u767c\u3001\u78ba\u4fdd\u5747\u52fb\u8ca0\u8f09\u5206\u4f48\u548c\u63d0\u9ad8\u67e5\u8a62\u6027\u80fd\u65b9\u9762\u8d77\u8457\u81f3\u95dc\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u4f5c\u7528\u3002\u5728MongoDB\u90e8\u7f72\u4e2d\uff0c\u9078\u64c7\u6b63\u78ba\u7684\u5206\u7247\u9375\u5c0d\u65bc\u5be6\u73fe\u6700\u4f73\u7684\u64f4\u5c55\u6027\u548c\u6027\u80fd\u81f3\u95dc\u91cd\u8981\u3002\u5982\u6b32\u4e86\u89e3\u66f4\u591a\u95dc\u65bcMongoDB\u53ca\u5176\u529f\u80fd\u7684\u8cc7\u8a0a\uff0c\u5efa\u8b70\u63a2\u7d22 <a href=\"https:\/\/server.hk\">Server.HK<\/a>\uff0c\u9019\u662f\u4e00\u5bb6\u5c08\u6ce8\u65bcMongoDB\u4e3b\u6a5f\u7684\u9818\u5148VPS\u4e3b\u6a5f\u63d0\u4f9b\u5546\u3002<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>MongoDB\u8a5e\u5f59\u8868 &#038;#821&#46;&#46;&#46;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[4925],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-21521","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-4925"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/server.hk\/cnblog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/21521","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/server.hk\/cnblog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/server.hk\/cnblog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/server.hk\/cnblog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/server.hk\/cnblog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=21521"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/server.hk\/cnblog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/21521\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":23941,"href":"https:\/\/server.hk\/cnblog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/21521\/revisions\/23941"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/server.hk\/cnblog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=21521"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/server.hk\/cnblog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=21521"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/server.hk\/cnblog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=21521"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}