{"id":208670,"date":"2025-09-29T20:22:09","date_gmt":"2025-09-29T12:22:09","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.server.hk\/blog\/208670\/"},"modified":"2025-09-29T20:22:10","modified_gmt":"2025-09-29T12:22:10","slug":"vps-python","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/server.hk\/cnblog\/208670\/","title":{"rendered":"\u9999\u6e2fVPS\u5feb\u901f\u642d\u5efaPython\u73af\u5883\u5e76\u4e00\u952e\u90e8\u7f72\u8fd0\u884c\u811a\u672c"},"content":{"rendered":"

\u5728\u73b0\u4ee3\u4e92\u8054\u7f51\u670d\u52a1\u90e8\u7f72\u4e2d\uff0c\u5feb\u901f\u642d\u5efa\u4e00\u5957\u7a33\u5b9a\u3001\u53ef\u91cd\u590d\u7684Python\u8fd0\u884c\u73af\u5883\uff0c\u5bf9\u4e8e\u7ad9\u957f\u3001\u4f01\u4e1a\u7528\u6237\u548c\u5f00\u53d1\u8005\u6765\u8bf4\u81f3\u5173\u91cd\u8981\u3002\u672c\u6587\u4ee5\u5728\u9999\u6e2fVPS\u4e0a\u4e3a\u4f8b\uff0c\u6df1\u5165\u8bb2\u89e3\u5982\u4f55\u4ece\u96f6\u5f00\u59cb\u90e8\u7f72Python\u73af\u5883\uff0c\u5e76\u5b9e\u73b0\u4e00\u952e\u90e8\u7f72\u5e76\u8fd0\u884c\u811a\u672c<\/strong>\u7684\u5b8c\u6574\u6d41\u7a0b\u3002\u6587\u7ae0\u5c06\u6db5\u76d6\u539f\u7406\u3001\u5177\u4f53\u64cd\u4f5c\u6b65\u9aa4\u3001\u5e38\u89c1\u5e94\u7528\u573a\u666f\u3001\u4e0e\u7f8e\u56fdVPS\/\u7f8e\u56fd\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u7684\u5bf9\u6bd4\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u9009\u8d2d\u5efa\u8bae\uff0c\u5e2e\u52a9\u4f60\u5728\u5b9e\u9645\u751f\u4ea7\u73af\u5883\u4e2d\u5feb\u901f\u843d\u5730\u3002<\/p>\n

\u4e3a\u4ec0\u4e48\u9009\u62e9\u9999\u6e2fVPS\u4f5c\u4e3aPython\u8fd0\u884c\u73af\u5883<\/h2>\n

\u9999\u6e2fVPS\u5728\u5730\u7406\u4f4d\u7f6e\u4e0a\u63a5\u8fd1\u4e2d\u56fd\u5927\u9646\uff0c\u7f51\u7edc\u5ef6\u8fdf\u4f4e\u3001\u5e26\u5bbd\u8d44\u6e90\u5145\u8db3\uff0c\u5c24\u5176\u9002\u5408\u9762\u5411\u5927\u4e2d\u534e\u533a\u7528\u6237\u7684\u670d\u52a1\u3002\u76f8\u6bd4\u4e4b\u4e0b\uff0c\u7f8e\u56fdVPS<\/strong>\u6216\u7f8e\u56fd\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u5728\u8de8\u6d0b\u8bbf\u95ee\u65f6\u5ef6\u66f4\u9ad8\uff0c\u4f46\u5728\u6d77\u5916\u90e8\u7f72\u3001\u6cd5\u5f8b\u5408\u89c4\u6216\u66f4\u4e30\u5bcc\u7684IP\u8d44\u6e90\u4e0a\u6709\u5176\u4f18\u52bf\u3002\u9009\u62e9\u9999\u6e2f\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u80fd\u591f\u5728\u8bbf\u95ee\u901f\u5ea6\u3001\u7a33\u5b9a\u6027\u548c\u5408\u89c4\u6027\u4e4b\u95f4\u53d6\u5f97\u5e73\u8861\uff0c\u9002\u5408\u5bf9\u5ef6\u8fdf\u654f\u611f\u6216\u9700\u8981\u534e\u8bed\u652f\u6301\u7684\u9879\u76ee\u3002<\/p>\n

\u573a\u666f\u9002\u914d<\/h3>\n
    \n
  • \u7f51\u7ad9\u540e\u7aef\u811a\u672c\uff08\u5982\u722c\u866b\u3001\u6570\u636e\u5904\u7406\uff09\u9700\u4f4e\u5ef6\u8fdf\u8bbf\u95ee\u5927\u9646API\u6216\u7528\u6237\u3002<\/li>\n
  • \u8f7b\u91cf\u7ea7API\u670d\u52a1\u3001Webhook\u5904\u7406\u3001\u5b9a\u65f6\u4efb\u52a1\u7b49\u3002<\/li>\n
  • \u9700\u8981\u5feb\u901f\u8fed\u4ee3\u5f00\u53d1\u548c\u7a33\u5b9a\u90e8\u7f72\u7684\u4e2d\u5c0f\u578b\u4f01\u4e1a\u5e94\u7528\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

    \u539f\u7406\u4e0e\u603b\u4f53\u67b6\u6784\u8bbe\u8ba1<\/h2>\n

    \u5728VPS\u4e0a\u642d\u5efaPython\u73af\u5883\u7684\u6838\u5fc3\u76ee\u6807\u5305\u62ec\uff1a\u73af\u5883\u9694\u79bb\u3001\u4f9d\u8d56\u53ef\u7ba1\u7406\u3001\u8fdb\u7a0b\u7ba1\u7406\u4e0e\u65e5\u5fd7\u3001\u7f51\u7edc\u5b89\u5168\u4ee5\u53ca\u81ea\u52a8\u5316\u90e8\u7f72\u3002\u5e38\u89c1\u7684\u6280\u672f\u7ec4\u4ef6\u7ec4\u5408\u5982\u4e0b\uff1a<\/p>\n

      \n
    • \u7cfb\u7edf\u5305\u7ba1\u7406\u5668\uff1aapt\uff08Debian\/Ubuntu\uff09\u6216 yum\/dnf\uff08CentOS\/AlmaLinux\uff09\u3002<\/li>\n
    • Python\u7248\u672c\u7ba1\u7406\uff1apyenv \u6216\u7cfb\u7edf\u81ea\u5e26 Python\uff08\u5fc5\u8981\u65f6\u7f16\u8bd1\u5b89\u88c5\uff09\u3002<\/li>\n
    • \u865a\u62df\u73af\u5883\uff1avenv\u3001virtualenv \u6216\u4f7f\u7528 Pipenv\u3001Poetry \u7ba1\u7406\u4f9d\u8d56\u3002<\/li>\n
    • \u5bb9\u5668\/\u955c\u50cf\uff08\u53ef\u9009\uff09\uff1aDocker\uff0c\u7528\u4e8e\u5b9e\u73b0\u66f4\u5f3a\u7684\u9694\u79bb\u548c\u79fb\u690d\u6027\u3002<\/li>\n
    • \u8fdb\u7a0b\u5b88\u62a4\uff1asystemd\u3001supervisor \u6216\u4f7f\u7528\u5bb9\u5668\u7f16\u6392\u3002<\/li>\n
    • \u53cd\u5411\u4ee3\u7406\uff1aNginx\uff0c\u7528\u4e8eHTTPS\u3001\u8d1f\u8f7d\u5747\u8861\u4e0e\u9759\u6001\u6587\u4ef6\u670d\u52a1\u3002<\/li>\n
    • \u81ea\u52a8\u5316\u90e8\u7f72\uff1a\u4e00\u952e\u811a\u672c\uff08Bash\uff09\u3001Ansible\u3001Fabric \u6216 CI\/CD\uff08GitHub Actions\/GitLab CI\uff09\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

      \u51c6\u5907\u5de5\u4f5c\uff1a\u83b7\u53d6\u5e76\u521d\u59cb\u5316\u9999\u6e2fVPS<\/h2>\n

      \u5728\u5f00\u59cb\u4e4b\u524d\uff0c\u9700\u8981\u51c6\u5907\u4ee5\u4e0b\u5185\u5bb9\uff1a<\/p>\n

        \n
      • \u4e00\u53f0\u5df2\u8d2d\u4e70\u5e76\u53efSSH\u767b\u5f55\u7684\u9999\u6e2fVPS\uff08\u5efa\u8bae\u9009\u62e9\u5e26\u6709\u516c\u7f51IP\u548c\u56fa\u5b9a\u5e26\u5bbd\u7684\u4ea7\u54c1\uff09\u3002<\/li>\n
      • \u672c\u5730\u673a\u5668\u5b89\u88c5ssh\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u548c\u5fc5\u8981\u5de5\u5177\uff08scp\u3001rsync\uff09\u3002<\/li>\n
      • \u5efa\u8bae\u5728\u63a7\u5236\u53f0\u521b\u5efaSSH\u5bc6\u94a5\u5bf9\uff0c\u5e76\u628a\u516c\u94a5\u5199\u5165\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u7684 ~\/.ssh\/authorized_keys<\/code> \u4e2d\uff0c\u5173\u95ed\u5bc6\u7801\u767b\u5f55\u63d0\u9ad8\u5b89\u5168\u6027\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

        \u793a\u4f8b\uff1a\u4f7f\u7528Ubuntu 22.04 LTS\u4e3a\u4f8b\uff0cSSH\u767b\u5f55\u540e\u7b2c\u4e00\u6b65\u6267\u884c\u7cfb\u7edf\u66f4\u65b0\uff1a<\/p>\n

        sudo apt update && sudo apt upgrade -y<\/code><\/p>\n

        \u642d\u5efaPython\u73af\u5883\u7684\u8be6\u7ec6\u6b65\u9aa4\uff08\u547d\u4ee4\u793a\u4f8b\uff09<\/h2>\n

        1. \u5b89\u88c5\u57fa\u7840\u4f9d\u8d56<\/h3>\n

        \u5b89\u88c5\u7f16\u8bd1\u548c\u5e38\u7528\u5e93\uff1a<\/p>\n

        sudo apt install -y build-essential curl git libssl-dev libbz2-dev libreadline-dev libsqlite3-dev zlib1g-dev<\/code><\/p>\n

        2. \u4f7f\u7528pyenv\u7ba1\u7406\u591a\u7248\u672cPython\uff08\u63a8\u8350\uff09<\/h3>\n

        pyenv\u7684\u597d\u5904\u662f\u53ef\u4ee5\u7075\u6d3b\u5207\u6362Python\u7248\u672c\uff0c\u4fbf\u4e8e\u517c\u5bb9\u5386\u53f2\u9879\u76ee\uff1a<\/p>\n

        curl https:\/\/pyenv.run | bash<\/code><\/p>\n

        \u7136\u540e\u5728 ~\/.bashrc<\/code> \u6216 ~\/.profile<\/code> \u4e2d\u52a0\u5165\u521d\u59cb\u5316\u811a\u672c\u5e76\u91cd\u542fshell\uff1a<\/p>\n

        export PATH=\"$HOME\/.pyenv\/bin:$PATH\"<\/code>
        \neval \"$(pyenv init -)\"<\/code>
        \neval \"$(pyenv virtualenv-init -)\"<\/code><\/p>\n

        \u5b89\u88c5\u6307\u5b9a\u7248\u672c\uff1a<\/p>\n

        pyenv install 3.11.6<\/code>
        \npyenv global 3.11.6<\/code><\/p>\n

        3. \u521b\u5efa\u865a\u62df\u73af\u5883\u5e76\u7ba1\u7406\u4f9d\u8d56<\/h3>\n

        \u5728\u9879\u76ee\u76ee\u5f55\u4e0b\u4f7f\u7528venv\uff1a<\/p>\n

        python -m venv venv<\/code>
        \nsource venv\/bin\/activate<\/code>
        \npip install -U pip setuptools wheel<\/code>
        \npip install -r requirements.txt<\/code><\/p>\n

        \u63a8\u8350\u4f7f\u7528 requirements.txt<\/code> \u6216\u8005\u66f4\u73b0\u4ee3\u7684Poetry\u7ba1\u7406\u4f9d\u8d56\uff0cPoetry\u652f\u6301\u9501\u5b9a\u4f9d\u8d56\u548c\u53d1\u5e03\u5305\u3002<\/p>\n

        4. \u914d\u7f6e\u53cd\u5411\u4ee3\u7406\u4e0eHTTPS\uff08Nginx + Certbot\uff09<\/h3>\n

        \u5b89\u88c5Nginx\u5e76\u914d\u7f6e\u53cd\u5411\u4ee3\u7406\uff1a<\/p>\n

        sudo apt install -y nginx<\/code><\/p>\n

        \u7b80\u5355\u7684upstream\u793a\u4f8b\uff08\u5c06127.0.0.1:8000\u7684\u5e94\u7528\u66b4\u9732\u523080\/443\uff09\uff1a<\/p>\n

        \u5728 \/etc\/nginx\/sites-available\/your_site<\/code> \u4e2d\u6dfb\u52a0\u914d\u7f6e\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u542f\u7528\u5e76\u91cd\u542fNginx\u3002<\/p>\n

        \u4f7f\u7528Certbot\u7533\u8bf7Let’s Encrypt\u8bc1\u4e66\uff1a<\/p>\n

        sudo apt install -y certbot python3-certbot-nginx<\/code>
        \nsudo certbot --nginx -d yourdomain.com<\/code><\/p>\n

        5. \u4f7f\u7528systemd\u5b9e\u73b0\u4e00\u952e\u542f\u52a8\u4e0e\u5b88\u62a4<\/h3>\n

        \u7f16\u5199 systemd \u670d\u52a1\u6587\u4ef6\u4ee5\u4fdd\u8bc1\u5e94\u7528\u968f\u7cfb\u7edf\u542f\u52a8\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14\u5728\u5d29\u6e83\u540e\u81ea\u52a8\u91cd\u542f\uff1a<\/p>\n

        \u793a\u4f8b\uff1a\/etc\/systemd\/system\/myapp.service<\/code><\/p>\n

        [Unit]<\/code>
        \nDescription=My Python App<\/code>
        \nAfter=network.target<\/code>
        \n[Service]<\/code>
        \nUser=www-data<\/code>
        \nWorkingDirectory=\/home\/ubuntu\/myapp<\/code>
        \nExecStart=\/home\/ubuntu\/myapp\/venv\/bin\/gunicorn -w 4 -b 127.0.0.1:8000 app:app<\/code>
        \nRestart=always<\/code>
        \n[Install]<\/code>
        \nWantedBy=multi-user.target<\/code><\/p>\n

        \u542f\u7528\u5e76\u542f\u52a8\u670d\u52a1\uff1a<\/p>\n

        sudo systemctl daemon-reload<\/code>
        \nsudo systemctl enable myapp<\/code>
        \nsudo systemctl start myapp<\/code><\/p>\n

        6. \u5b9e\u73b0\u4e00\u952e\u90e8\u7f72\u811a\u672c<\/h3>\n

        \u4e00\u952e\u90e8\u7f72\u7684\u5173\u952e\u662f\u5c06\u5e38\u7528\u6b65\u9aa4\u5199\u6210\u53ef\u590d\u7528\u811a\u672c\uff0c\u6216\u4f7f\u7528CI\/CD\u3002\u4e0b\u9762\u7ed9\u51fa\u4e00\u4e2a\u7cbe\u7b80\u7684 bash \u90e8\u7f72\u811a\u672c\u793a\u4f8b\uff1a<\/p>\n

        #!\/bin\/bash<\/code>
        \nset -e<\/code>
        \nPROJECT_DIR=\/home\/ubuntu\/myapp<\/code>
        \ncd $PROJECT_DIR<\/code>
        \ngit pull origin main<\/code>
        \nsource venv\/bin\/activate<\/code>
        \npip install -r requirements.txt<\/code>
        \npython manage.py migrate --noinput || true<\/code>
        \npython manage.py collectstatic --noinput || true<\/code>
        \nsudo systemctl restart myapp<\/code><\/p>\n

        \u5c06\u811a\u672c\u4fdd\u5b58\u4e3a deploy.sh<\/code> \u5e76\u8d4b\u53ef\u6267\u884c\u6743\u9650\uff1achmod +x deploy.sh<\/code>\u3002\u901a\u8fc7SSH\u8fdc\u7a0b\u6267\u884c\u5373\u53ef\u5b9e\u73b0\u201c\u4e00\u952e\u201d\u90e8\u7f72\uff1assh user@hk-vps 'bash -s' < deploy.sh<\/code>\u3002<\/p>\n

        \u9ad8\u7ea7\u9009\u9879\uff1a\u5bb9\u5668\u5316\u4e0eCI\/CD\u96c6\u6210<\/h2>\n

        \u5982\u679c\u8ffd\u6c42\u66f4\u9ad8\u7684\u53ef\u79fb\u690d\u6027\u548c\u4e00\u81f4\u6027\uff0c\u5efa\u8bae\u4f7f\u7528Docker\u6784\u5efa\u955c\u50cf\uff0c\u5e76\u7ed3\u5408CI\/CD\u5b8c\u6210\u81ea\u52a8\u6784\u5efa\/\u53d1\u5e03\u6d41\u7a0b\u3002\u5178\u578b\u6d41\u7a0b\uff1a<\/p>\n