{"id":207102,"date":"2025-07-08T10:01:25","date_gmt":"2025-07-08T02:01:25","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/server.hk\/cnblog\/207102\/"},"modified":"2025-07-08T10:01:25","modified_gmt":"2025-07-08T02:01:25","slug":"go-mongodb%ef%bc%9a%e5%a4%9a%e6%80%81%e6%9f%a5%e8%af%a2","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/server.hk\/cnblog\/207102\/","title":{"rendered":"Go + MongoDB\uff1a\u591a\u6001\u67e5\u8be2"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><b><\/b> <\/p>\n<p>\u5f53\u524d\u4f4d\u7f6e\uff1a <span>&gt;<\/span> <span>&gt;<\/span> <span>&gt;<\/span> <span>&gt;<\/span> <span>Go + MongoDB\uff1a\u591a\u6001\u67e5\u8be2<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span>\u6765\u6e90\uff1astackoverflow<\/span><br \/>\n<span>2024-04-20 08:09:34<\/span><br \/>\n<span><i><\/i>0\u6d4f\u89c8<\/span><br \/>\n<span style=\"cursor: pointer\"><i><\/i>\u6536\u85cf<\/span> <\/p>\n<p>\u5b66\u4e60<span style=\"color: #FF6600;, Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif;font-size: 14px;background-color: #FFFFFF\">Golang<\/span>\u8981\u52aa\u529b\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u4e0d\u8981\u6025\uff01\u4eca\u5929\u7684\u8fd9\u7bc7\u6587\u7ae0<span style=\"color: #FF6600;, Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif;font-size: 14px;background-color: #FFFFFF\">\u300aGo + MongoDB\uff1a\u591a\u6001\u67e5\u8be2\u300b<\/span>\u5c06\u4f1a\u4ecb\u7ecd\u5230<span style=\"color: #FF6600;, Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif;font-size: 14px;background-color: #FFFFFF\"><\/span>\u7b49\u7b49\u77e5\u8bc6\u70b9\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u4f60\u60f3\u6df1\u5165\u5b66\u4e60<span style=\"color: #FF6600;, Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif;font-size: 14px;background-color: #FFFFFF\">Golang<\/span>\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u5173\u6ce8\u6211\uff01\u6211\u4f1a\u6301\u7eed\u66f4\u65b0\u76f8\u5173\u6587\u7ae0\u7684\uff0c\u5e0c\u671b\u5bf9\u5927\u5bb6\u90fd\u80fd\u6709\u6240\u5e2e\u52a9\uff01<\/p>\n<p> \u95ee\u9898\u5185\u5bb9<br \/>\n <\/p>\n<p>\uff08\u62b1\u6b49\u8fd9\u4e2a\u95ee\u9898\u6bd4\u6211\u60f3\u8c61\u7684\u8981\u957f&#8230;&#8230;\uff09<\/p>\n<p>\u6211\u6b63\u5728\u4f7f\u7528 go \u548c mongodb \u4ee5\u53ca mgo \u9a71\u52a8\u7a0b\u5e8f\u3002\u6211\u8bd5\u56fe\u5728\u540c\u4e00\u4e2a mongodb \u96c6\u5408\u4e2d\u4fdd\u7559\u5e76\u68c0\u7d22\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u7ed3\u6784\uff08\u5b9e\u73b0\u901a\u7528\u63a5\u53e3\uff09\u3002\u6211\u6765\u81ea java \u4e16\u754c\uff08\u7528 spring \u5f88\u5bb9\u6613\u5b8c\u6210\uff0c\u51e0\u4e4e\u4e0d\u9700\u8981\u4efb\u4f55\u914d\u7f6e\uff09\uff0c\u4f46\u6211\u5f88\u96be\u7528 go \u505a\u7c7b\u4f3c\u7684\u4e8b\u60c5\u3002 \u6211\u5df2\u7ecf\u9605\u8bfb\u4e86\u6211\u80fd\u627e\u5230\u7684\u6240\u6709\u76f8\u5173\u6587\u7ae0\u6216\u5e16\u5b50\u6216 stackexchange \u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u4f46\u4ecd\u7136\u6ca1\u6709\u627e\u5230\u5b8c\u6574\u7684\u89e3\u51b3\u65b9\u6848\u3002\u8fd9\u5305\u62ec\uff1a<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\u4f7f\u7528 mgo \u7684\u975e\u7ed3\u6784\u5316 mongodb \u96c6\u5408<\/li>\n<li>\u5982\u4f55\u5728 go \u4e2d\u8fd0\u884c\u65f6\u6839\u636e\u7ed3\u6784\u4f53\u7684\u7c7b\u578b\u521b\u5efa\u7ed3\u6784\u4f53\u7684\u65b0\u5b9e\u4f8b\uff1f<\/li>\n<li>golang \u53cd\u6620\uff1a\u4ece\u540d\u79f0\u83b7\u53d6\u7c7b\u578b\u8868\u793a\uff1f<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\u8fd9\u662f\u6211\u7528\u4e8e\u6d4b\u8bd5\u7684\u7b80\u5316\u8bbe\u7f6e\u3002\u5047\u8bbe\u6709\u4e24\u4e2a\u7ed3\u6784\u4f53 <code>s1<\/code> \u548c <code>s2<\/code>\uff0c\u5b9e\u73b0\u4e00\u4e2a\u516c\u5171\u63a5\u53e3 <code>i<\/code>\u3002 <code>s2<\/code> \u5177\u6709 <code>s1<\/code> \u7c7b\u578b\u7684\u9690\u5f0f\u5b57\u6bb5\uff0c\u8fd9\u610f\u5473\u7740\u7ed3\u6784\u65b9\u9762\u7684 <code>s2<\/code> \u5d4c\u5165\u4e86 <code>s1<\/code> \u503c\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14\u7c7b\u578b\u65b9\u9762\u7684 <code>s2<\/code> \u5b9e\u73b0\u4e86 <code>i<\/code>\u3002 <\/p>\n<pre>type i interface {\n    f1()\n}\n\ntype s1 struct {\n    x int\n}\n\ntype s2 struct {\n    s1\n    y int\n}\n\nfunc (*s1) f1() {\n    fmt.println(\"f1\")\n}<\/pre>\n<p>\u73b0\u5728\u6211\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528 <code>mgo.collection.insert()<\/code> \u8f7b\u677e\u4fdd\u5b58 <code>s1<\/code> \u6216 <code>s2<\/code> \u7684\u5b9e\u4f8b\uff0c\u4f46\u8981\u4f7f\u7528 <code>mgo.collection.find().one()<\/code> \u6b63\u786e\u586b\u5145\u503c\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u6211\u9700\u8981\u4f20\u9012\u6307\u5411 <code>s1<\/code> \u6216 <code>s2<\/code> \u73b0\u6709\u503c\u7684\u6307\u9488\uff0c\u8fd9\u610f\u5473\u7740\u6211\u5df2\u7ecf\u77e5\u9053\u6211\u8981\u8bfb\u53d6\u7684\u5bf9\u8c61\u7684\u7c7b\u578b\uff01 \u6211\u5e0c\u671b\u80fd\u591f\u4ece mongodb \u96c6\u5408\u4e2d\u68c0\u7d22\u6587\u6863\uff0c\u800c\u4e0d\u77e5\u9053\u5b83\u662f <code>s1<\/code> \u8fd8\u662f <code>s2<\/code>\uff0c\u6216\u8005\u5b9e\u9645\u4e0a\u662f\u4efb\u4f55\u5b9e\u73b0 <code>i<\/code> \u7684\u5bf9\u8c61\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u5230\u76ee\u524d\u4e3a\u6b62\uff0c\u6211\u7684\u60c5\u51b5\u662f\uff1a\u6211\u6ca1\u6709\u76f4\u63a5\u4fdd\u5b58\u60f3\u8981\u6301\u4e45\u5316\u7684\u5bf9\u8c61\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u4fdd\u5b58\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a <code>wrapper<\/code> \u7ed3\u6784\uff0c\u8be5\u7ed3\u6784\u4fdd\u5b58 mongodb id\u3001\u7c7b\u578b\u6807\u8bc6\u7b26\u548c\u5b9e\u9645\u503c\u3002\u7c7b\u578b\u6807\u8bc6\u7b26\u662f <em>packagename<\/em> + \u201c.\u201d \u7684\u4e32\u8054\u3002 + <em>typename<\/em>\uff0c\u5b83\u7528\u4e8e\u5728\u7c7b\u578b\u6ce8\u518c\u8868\u4e2d\u67e5\u627e\u7c7b\u578b\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a go \u4e2d\u6ca1\u6709\u4ece\u7c7b\u578b\u540d\u79f0\u6620\u5c04\u5230 type \u5bf9\u8c61\u7684\u672c\u673a\u673a\u5236\u3002\u8fd9\u610f\u5473\u7740\u6211\u9700\u8981\u6ce8\u518c\u6211\u5e0c\u671b\u80fd\u591f\u4fdd\u7559\u548c\u68c0\u7d22\u7684\u7c7b\u578b\uff0c\u4f46\u6211\u53ef\u4ee5\u63a5\u53d7\u8fd9\u4e00\u70b9\u3002\u4e8b\u60c5\u662f\u8fd9\u6837\u7684\uff1a<\/p>\n<pre>typeregistry.register(reflect.typeof((*s1)(nil)).elem())\ntyperegistry.register(reflect.typeof((*s2)(nil)).elem())<\/pre>\n<p>\u8fd9\u662f\u7c7b\u578b\u6ce8\u518c\u8868\u7684\u4ee3\u7801\uff1a<\/p>\n<pre>var types map[string]reflect.type\n\nfunc init() {\n    types = make(map[string]reflect.type)\n}\n\nfunc register(t reflect.type) {\n    key := getkey(t)\n    types[key] = t\n}\n\nfunc getkey(t reflect.type) string {\n    key := t.pkgpath() + \".\" + t.name()\n    return key\n}\n\nfunc gettype(key string) reflect.type {\n    t := types[key]\n    return t\n}<\/pre>\n<p>\u4fdd\u5b58\u5bf9\u8c61\u7684\u4ee3\u7801\u975e\u5e38\u7b80\u5355\uff1a<\/p>\n<pre>func save(coll *mgo.collection, s i) (bson.objectid, error) {\n    t := reflect.typeof(s)\n    wrapper := wrapper{\n        id:      bson.newobjectid(),\n        typekey: typeregistry.getkey(t),\n        val:     s,\n    }\n    return wrapper.id, coll.insert(wrapper)\n}<\/pre>\n<p>\u68c0\u7d22\u5bf9\u8c61\u7684\u4ee3\u7801\u6709\u70b9\u68d8\u624b\uff1a<\/p>\n<pre>func getbyid(coll *mgo.collection, id interface{}) (*i, error) {\n    \/\/ read wrapper\n    wrapper := wrapper{}\n    err := coll.find(bson.m{\"_id\": id}).one(&amp;wrapper)\n    if err != nil {\n        return nil, err\n    }\n\n    \/\/ obtain type from registry\n    t := typeregistry.gettype(wrapper.typekey)\n\n    \/\/ get a pointer to a new value of this type\n    pt := reflect.new(t)\n\n    \/\/ fixme populate value using wrapper.val (type bson.m)\n    \/\/ how ???\n\n    \/\/ return the value as *i\n    i := pt.elem().interface().(i)\n    return &amp;i, nil\n}<\/pre>\n<p>\u8fd9\u90e8\u5206\u6709\u6548\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u8fd4\u56de\u7684\u5bf9\u8c61\u8f93\u5165\u6b63\u786e\uff0c\u4f46\u6211\u4e0d\u77e5\u9053\u5982\u4f55\u4f7f\u7528\u4ece mongodb \u68c0\u7d22\u5230\u7684\u6570\u636e\u586b\u5145\u503c <code>pt<\/code>\uff0c\u8be5\u6570\u636e\u5b58\u50a8\u5728 <code>wrapper.val<\/code> \u4e2d\u4f5c\u4e3a <code>bson.m<\/code>\u3002 p&gt; <\/p>\n<p>\u6211\u5df2\u5c1d\u8bd5\u4ee5\u4e0b\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u4f46\u4e0d\u8d77\u4f5c\u7528\uff1a<\/p>\n<pre>m := wrapper.Val.(bson.M)\nbsonBytes, _ := bson.Marshal(m)\nbson.Unmarshal(bsonBytes, pt)<\/pre>\n<p>\u6240\u4ee5\u57fa\u672c\u4e0a\u5269\u4e0b\u7684\u95ee\u9898\u662f\uff1a\u5982\u4f55\u4ece <code>bson.m<\/code> \u503c\u586b\u5145\u672a\u77e5\u7ed3\u6784\uff1f\u6211\u786e\u4fe1\u5fc5\u987b\u6709\u4e00\u4e2a\u7b80\u5355\u7684\u89e3\u51b3\u65b9\u6848&#8230;&#8230; \u9884\u5148\u611f\u8c22\u60a8\u7684\u4efb\u4f55\u5e2e\u52a9\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u8fd9\u662f\u5305\u542b\u6240\u6709\u4ee3\u7801\u7684 github \u8981\u70b9\uff1ahttps:\/\/gist.github.com\/ogerardin\/5aa272f69563475ba9d7b3194b12ae57<\/p>\n<p> <\/p>\n<h2>\u89e3\u51b3\u65b9\u6848<\/h2>\n<p> <\/p>\n<p>\u9996\u5148\uff0c\u60a8\u5e94\u8be5\u59cb\u7ec8\u68c0\u67e5\u8fd4\u56de\u7684\u9519\u8bef\u3002 \u548c \u8fd4\u56de\u60a8\u672a\u68c0\u67e5\u7684\u9519\u8bef\u3002\u8fd9\u6837\u505a\u63ed\u793a\u4e86\u4e3a\u4ec0\u4e48\u5b83\u4e0d\u8d77\u4f5c\u7528\uff1a<\/p>\n<p>unmarshal \u65e0\u6cd5\u5904\u7406\u7ed3\u6784\u503c\u3002\u4f7f\u7528\u6307\u9488<\/p>\n<p><code>pt<\/code> \u7684\u7c7b\u578b\u4e3a \uff08\u6070\u597d\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u7ed3\u6784\u4f53\uff09\uff0c\u800c\u4e0d\u662f\u60a8\u5e94\u8be5\u4f20\u9012\u7ed9 <code>bson.unmarshal()<\/code> \u7684\u5185\u5bb9\u3002\u4f60\u5e94\u8be5\u901a\u8fc7\u4f8b\u5982\u6307\u5411\u8981\u89e3\u7ec4\u5230\u7684\u7ed3\u6784\u4f53\u503c\u7684\u6307\u9488\uff08\u5c06\u5305\u88c5\u5728 <code>interface{}<\/code> \u503c\u4e2d\uff09\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u5bf9 \u8fd4\u56de\u7684\u503c\u8c03\u7528 \uff1a<\/p>\n<pre>pt := reflect.new(t).interface()<\/pre>\n<p>\u60a8\u53ef\u4ee5\u5c06\u5176\u4f20\u9012\u7ed9 <code>bson.unmarshal()<\/code>\uff1a<\/p>\n<pre>bsonbytes, err := bson.marshal(m)\nif err != nil {\n    panic(err)\n}\nif err = bson.unmarshal(bsonbytes, pt); err != nil {\n    panic(err)\n}<\/pre>\n<p>\uff08\u5728\u4f60\u7684\u771f\u5b9e\u4ee3\u7801\u4e2d\uff0c\u4f60\u60f3\u505a\u4e00\u4e9b\u9664\u4e86\u6050\u614c\u4e4b\u5916\u7684\u4e8b\u60c5\uff0c\u8fd9\u53ea\u662f\u4e3a\u4e86\u8868\u660e\u4f60\u5e94\u8be5\u59cb\u7ec8\u68c0\u67e5\u9519\u8bef\uff01\uff09<\/p>\n<p>\u53e6\u8bf7\u6ce8\u610f\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u76f4\u63a5\u5c06\u6620\u5c04\u8f6c\u6362\u4e3a\u7ed3\u6784\uff08\u76f4\u63a5\u610f\u5473\u7740\u65e0\u9700\u7f16\u7ec4\u548c\u89e3\u7ec4\uff09\u3002\u60a8\u53ef\u4ee5\u624b\u52a8\u5b9e\u73b0\u5b83\u6216\u4f7f\u7528\u73b0\u6210\u7684\u7b2c\u4e09\u65b9\u5e93\u3002\u8be6\u60c5\u89c1<\/p>\n<p>\u53e6\u8bf7\u6ce8\u610f\uff0c\u8fd8\u6709\u66f4\u806a\u660e\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u6765\u89e3\u51b3\u60a8\u60f3\u505a\u7684\u4e8b\u60c5\u3002\u60a8\u53ef\u4ee5\u5c06\u7c7b\u578b\u5b58\u50a8\u5728 id \u672c\u8eab\u4e2d\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u5982\u679c\u60a8\u6709 id\uff0c\u5219\u53ef\u4ee5\u6784\u9020\u8be5\u7c7b\u578b\u7684\u503c\u4ee5\u5c06\u5176\u89e3\u7ec4\u5230\u67e5\u8be2\u7ed3\u679c\u4e2d\uff0c\u8fd9\u6837\u60a8\u5c31\u53ef\u4ee5\u8df3\u8fc7\u6574\u4e2a\u8fc7\u7a0b\u3002\u8fd9\u4f1a\u66f4\u7b80\u5355\u3001\u66f4\u9ad8\u6548\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u60a8\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u4ee5\u4e0b id \u7ed3\u6784\uff1a<\/p>\n<pre>&lt;type&gt;-&lt;id&gt;<\/pre>\n<p>\u4f8b\u5982\uff1a<\/p>\n<pre>my.package.s1-123<\/pre>\n<p>\u83b7\u53d6\/\u52a0\u8f7d\u6b64\u6587\u6863\u65f6\uff0c\u60a8\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u53cd\u5c04\u521b\u5efa <code>my.package.s1<\/code> \u7684\u503c\uff0c\u5e76\u76f4\u63a5\u89e3\u7ec4\u5230\u8be5\u503c\uff08\u5c06\u5176\u4f20\u9012\u7ed9 <code>query.one()<\/code>\uff09\u3002<\/p>\n<p>as\u6839\u636e @icza \u7684\u8bc4\u8bba\uff0c\u8fd9\u662f\u5b9e\u9645\u6709\u6548\u7684 <code>getbyid()<\/code> \u7684\u4fee\u6539\u7248\u672c\uff1a<\/p>\n<pre>func getById(coll *mgo.Collection, id interface{}) (*I, error) {\n    \/\/ read wrapper\n    wrapper := Wrapper{}\n    err := coll.Find(bson.M{\"_id\": id}).One(&amp;wrapper)\n    if err != nil {\n        return nil, err\n    }\n\n    \/\/ obtain Type from registry\n    t := typeregistry.GetType(wrapper.TypeKey)\n\n    \/\/ get a pointer to a new value of this type\n    pt := reflect.New(t)\n\n    \/\/ populate value using wrapper.Val\n    err = mapstructure.Decode(wrapper.V, pt.Interface())\n    if err != nil {\n        return nil, err\n    }\n\n    \/\/ return the value as *I\n    i := pt.Elem().Interface().(I)\n    return &amp;i, nil\n}<\/pre>\n<p>\u4ece <code>bson.m<\/code> \u5230\u7ed3\u6784\u7684\u8f6c\u6362\u7531 \u5904\u7406\uff0c\u800c\u4e0d\u662f\u7f16\u7ec4-\u89e3\u7f16\u7ec4\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u597d\u4e86\uff0c\u672c\u6587\u5230\u6b64\u7ed3\u675f\uff0c\u5e26\u5927\u5bb6\u4e86\u89e3\u4e86\u300aGo + MongoDB\uff1a\u591a\u6001\u67e5\u8be2\u300b\uff0c\u5e0c\u671b\u672c\u6587\u5bf9\u4f60\u6709\u6240\u5e2e\u52a9\uff01\u5173\u6ce8\u516c\u4f17\u53f7\uff0c\u7ed9\u5927\u5bb6\u5206\u4eab\u66f4\u591aGolang\u77e5\u8bc6\uff01<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u5f53\u524d\u4f4d\u7f6e\uff1a &gt; &gt; &#46;&#46;&#46;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[4925],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-207102","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-4925"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/server.hk\/cnblog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/207102","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/server.hk\/cnblog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/server.hk\/cnblog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/server.hk\/cnblog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/server.hk\/cnblog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=207102"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/server.hk\/cnblog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/207102\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/server.hk\/cnblog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=207102"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/server.hk\/cnblog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=207102"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/server.hk\/cnblog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=207102"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}