{"id":205796,"date":"2025-06-12T12:34:16","date_gmt":"2025-06-12T04:34:16","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/server.hk\/cnblog\/205796\/"},"modified":"2025-06-12T12:34:16","modified_gmt":"2025-06-12T04:34:16","slug":"%e5%a6%82%e4%bd%95%e5%9c%a8-go-%e4%b8%ad%e4%bd%bf%e7%94%a8%e9%94%99%e8%af%af%e5%93%a8%e5%85%b5%e6%a8%a1%e5%bc%8f","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/server.hk\/cnblog\/205796\/","title":{"rendered":"\u5982\u4f55\u5728 Go \u4e2d\u4f7f\u7528\u9519\u8bef\u54e8\u5175\u6a21\u5f0f"},"content":{"rendered":"

\u5077\u5077\u52aa\u529b\uff0c\u6084\u65e0\u58f0\u606f\u5730\u53d8\u5f3a\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u60ca\u8273\u6240\u6709\u4eba\uff01\u54c8\u54c8\uff0c\u5c0f\u4f19\u4f34\u4eec\u53c8\u6765\u5b66\u4e60\u5566~\u4eca\u5929\u6211\u5c06\u7ed9\u5927\u5bb6\u4ecb\u7ecd
\n\u300a\u5982\u4f55\u5728 Go \u4e2d\u4f7f\u7528\u9519\u8bef\u54e8\u5175\u6a21\u5f0f\u300b<\/span>\uff0c\u8fd9\u7bc7\u6587\u7ae0\u4e3b\u8981\u4f1a\u8bb2\u5230
\n<\/span>\u7b49\u7b49\u77e5\u8bc6\u70b9\uff0c\u4e0d\u77e5\u9053\u5927\u5bb6\u5bf9\u5176\u90fd\u6709\u591a\u5c11\u4e86\u89e3\uff0c\u4e0b\u9762\u6211\u4eec\u5c31\u4e00\u8d77\u6765\u770b\u4e00\u5427\uff01\u5f53\u7136\uff0c\u975e\u5e38\u5e0c\u671b\u5927\u5bb6\u80fd\u591a\u591a\u8bc4\u8bba\uff0c\u7ed9\u51fa\u5408\u7406\u7684\u5efa\u8bae\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u4e00\u8d77\u5b66\u4e60\uff0c\u4e00\u8d77\u8fdb\u6b65\uff01,\u9519\u8bef\u54e8\u5175\u6a21\u5f0f\u5141\u8bb8\u7528\u7279\u6b8a\u503c\uff08\u54e8\u5175\uff09\u8868\u793a\u9519\u8bef\uff0c\u65e0\u9700\u8fd4\u56de nil\u3002\u5728 Go \u4e2d\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u4ee5\u4e0b\u6b65\u9aa4\u5b9e\u73b0\uff1a1. \u521b\u5efa\u5e38\u91cf\u8868\u793a\u54e8\u5175\u503c\uff1b2. \u51fa\u73b0\u9519\u8bef\u65f6\u8fd4\u56de\u54e8\u5175\u503c\uff1b3. \u8c03\u7528\u51fd\u6570\u65f6\u68c0\u67e5\u54e8\u5175\u503c\u3002\u8be5\u6a21\u5f0f\u63d0\u4f9b\u6e05\u6670\u7684\u9519\u8bef\u5904\u7406\u3001\u5065\u58ee\u7684\u4ee3\u7801\u548c\u53ef\u6269\u5c55\u6027\u3002,
\n,
\n\u7b80\u4ecb<\/strong>,\u9519\u8bef\u54e8\u5175\u6a21\u5f0f\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u8bbe\u8ba1\u6a21\u5f0f\uff0c\u5b83\u5141\u8bb8\u4f60\u7528\u4e00\u4e2a\u7279\u6b8a\u503c\uff08\u54e8\u5175\uff09\u6765\u8868\u793a\u9519\u8bef\uff0c\u800c\u4e0d\u7528\u8fd4\u56de
\nnil<\/code>\u3002\u8fd9\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u9519\u8bef\u5904\u7406\u66f4\u52a0\u6e05\u6670\u548c\u5065\u58ee\u3002,
\n\u5b9e\u73b0<\/strong>,\u5728 Go \u4e2d\uff0c\u4f60\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u4ee5\u4e0b\u6b65\u9aa4\u6765\u5b9e\u73b0\u9519\u8bef\u54e8\u5175\u6a21\u5f0f\uff1a,
\n\u5b9e\u6218\u6848\u4f8b<\/strong>,\u8003\u8651\u4e00\u4e2a\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u67e5\u8be2\u51fd\u6570\uff0c\u5b83\u53ef\u80fd\u8fd4\u56de\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u9519\u8bef\u6216\u5185\u90e8\u9519\u8bef\uff1a,\u5728\u4e0a\u9762\u7684\u4f8b\u5b50\u91cc\uff0c
\n&MyDBError{wrapped: dbErr}<\/code> \u662f\u54e8\u5175\u503c\uff0c\u5b83\u8868\u793a\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u9519\u8bef\u3002\u5728\u8c03\u7528
\nQueryDatabase<\/code> \u51fd\u6570\u65f6\uff0c\u4f60\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u4ee5\u4e0b\u65b9\u5f0f\u68c0\u67e5\u54e8\u5175\u9519\u8bef\uff1a,
\n\u4f18\u70b9<\/strong>,\u9519\u8bef\u54e8\u5175\u6a21\u5f0f\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u4ee5\u4e0b\u4f18\u70b9\uff1a,\u5230\u8fd9\u91cc\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u4e5f\u5c31\u8bb2\u5b8c\u4e86\u300a\u5982\u4f55\u5728 Go \u4e2d\u4f7f\u7528\u9519\u8bef\u54e8\u5175\u6a21\u5f0f\u300b\u7684\u5185\u5bb9\u4e86\u3002\u4e2a\u4eba\u8ba4\u4e3a\uff0c\u57fa\u7840\u77e5\u8bc6\u7684\u5b66\u4e60\u548c\u5de9\u56fa\uff0c\u662f\u4e3a\u4e86\u66f4\u597d\u7684\u5c06\u5176\u8fd0\u7528\u5230\u9879\u76ee\u4e2d\uff0c\u6b22\u8fce\u5173\u6ce8GOLANG\u516c\u4f17\u53f7\uff0c\u5e26\u4f60\u4e86\u89e3\u66f4\u591a\u5173\u4e8eGo,\u9519\u8bef\u54e8\u5175\u6a21\u5f0f\u7684\u77e5\u8bc6\u70b9\uff01,
\n\u5065\u58ee\u7684\u4ee3\u7801\uff1a<\/strong>\u65e0\u9700\u8fd4\u56de
\nnil<\/code> \u503c\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u51cf\u5c11\u4e86\u7f16\u5199\u9519\u8bef\u4ee3\u7801\u7684\u673a\u4f1a\u3002,
\n\u6e05\u6670\u7684\u9519\u8bef\u5904\u7406\uff1a<\/strong>\u54e8\u5175\u503c\u53ef\u4ee5\u6e05\u695a\u5730\u8868\u660e\u9519\u8bef\u7c7b\u578b\u3002,
\n\u53ef\u6269\u5c55\u6027\uff1a<\/strong>\u53ef\u4ee5\u5b9a\u4e49\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u54e8\u5175\u503c\u6765\u8868\u793a\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u9519\u8bef\u7c7b\u578b\u3002,\u5077\u5077\u52aa\u529b\uff0c\u6084\u65e0\u58f0\u606f\u5730\u53d8\u5f3a\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u60ca\u8273\u6240\u6709\u4eba\uff01\u54c8\u54c8\uff0c\u5c0f\u4f19\u4f34\u4eec\u53c8\u6765\u5b66\u4e60\u5566~\u4eca\u5929\u6211\u5c06\u7ed9\u5927\u5bb6\u4ecb\u7ecd
\n\u300a\u5982\u4f55\u5728 Go \u4e2d\u4f7f\u7528\u9519\u8bef\u54e8\u5175\u6a21\u5f0f\u300b<\/span>\uff0c\u8fd9\u7bc7\u6587\u7ae0\u4e3b\u8981\u4f1a\u8bb2\u5230
\n<\/span>\u7b49\u7b49\u77e5\u8bc6\u70b9\uff0c\u4e0d\u77e5\u9053\u5927\u5bb6\u5bf9\u5176\u90fd\u6709\u591a\u5c11\u4e86\u89e3\uff0c\u4e0b\u9762\u6211\u4eec\u5c31\u4e00\u8d77\u6765\u770b\u4e00\u5427\uff01\u5f53\u7136\uff0c\u975e\u5e38\u5e0c\u671b\u5927\u5bb6\u80fd\u591a\u591a\u8bc4\u8bba\uff0c\u7ed9\u51fa\u5408\u7406\u7684\u5efa\u8bae\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u4e00\u8d77\u5b66\u4e60\uff0c\u4e00\u8d77\u8fdb\u6b65\uff01,
\n<\/b> <\/p>\n

\u5f53\u524d\u4f4d\u7f6e\uff1a ><\/span> ><\/span> ><\/span> ><\/span> \u5982\u4f55\u5728 Go \u4e2d\u4f7f\u7528\u9519\u8bef\u54e8\u5175\u6a21\u5f0f<\/span><\/p>\n

\u5982\u4f55\u5728 Go \u4e2d\u4f7f\u7528\u9519\u8bef\u54e8\u5175\u6a21\u5f0f<\/h1>\n

2024-10-27 12:01:41<\/span>
\n<\/i>0\u6d4f\u89c8<\/span>
\n<\/i>\u6536\u85cf<\/span> <\/p>\n

\u5077\u5077\u52aa\u529b\uff0c\u6084\u65e0\u58f0\u606f\u5730\u53d8\u5f3a\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u60ca\u8273\u6240\u6709\u4eba\uff01\u54c8\u54c8\uff0c\u5c0f\u4f19\u4f34\u4eec\u53c8\u6765\u5b66\u4e60\u5566~\u4eca\u5929\u6211\u5c06\u7ed9\u5927\u5bb6\u4ecb\u7ecd\u300a\u5982\u4f55\u5728 Go \u4e2d\u4f7f\u7528\u9519\u8bef\u54e8\u5175\u6a21\u5f0f\u300b<\/span>\uff0c\u8fd9\u7bc7\u6587\u7ae0\u4e3b\u8981\u4f1a\u8bb2\u5230<\/span>\u7b49\u7b49\u77e5\u8bc6\u70b9\uff0c\u4e0d\u77e5\u9053\u5927\u5bb6\u5bf9\u5176\u90fd\u6709\u591a\u5c11\u4e86\u89e3\uff0c\u4e0b\u9762\u6211\u4eec\u5c31\u4e00\u8d77\u6765\u770b\u4e00\u5427\uff01\u5f53\u7136\uff0c\u975e\u5e38\u5e0c\u671b\u5927\u5bb6\u80fd\u591a\u591a\u8bc4\u8bba\uff0c\u7ed9\u51fa\u5408\u7406\u7684\u5efa\u8bae\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u4e00\u8d77\u5b66\u4e60\uff0c\u4e00\u8d77\u8fdb\u6b65\uff01<\/p>\n

\u9519\u8bef\u54e8\u5175\u6a21\u5f0f\u5141\u8bb8\u7528\u7279\u6b8a\u503c\uff08\u54e8\u5175\uff09\u8868\u793a\u9519\u8bef\uff0c\u65e0\u9700\u8fd4\u56de nil\u3002\u5728 Go \u4e2d\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u4ee5\u4e0b\u6b65\u9aa4\u5b9e\u73b0\uff1a1. \u521b\u5efa\u5e38\u91cf\u8868\u793a\u54e8\u5175\u503c\uff1b2. \u51fa\u73b0\u9519\u8bef\u65f6\u8fd4\u56de\u54e8\u5175\u503c\uff1b3. \u8c03\u7528\u51fd\u6570\u65f6\u68c0\u67e5\u54e8\u5175\u503c\u3002\u8be5\u6a21\u5f0f\u63d0\u4f9b\u6e05\u6670\u7684\u9519\u8bef\u5904\u7406\u3001\u5065\u58ee\u7684\u4ee3\u7801\u548c\u53ef\u6269\u5c55\u6027\u3002<\/p>\n

<\/p>\n

\u5982\u4f55\u5728 Go \u4e2d\u4f7f\u7528\u9519\u8bef\u54e8\u5175\u6a21\u5f0f<\/h2>\n

\u7b80\u4ecb<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u9519\u8bef\u54e8\u5175\u6a21\u5f0f\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u8bbe\u8ba1\u6a21\u5f0f\uff0c\u5b83\u5141\u8bb8\u4f60\u7528\u4e00\u4e2a\u7279\u6b8a\u503c\uff08\u54e8\u5175\uff09\u6765\u8868\u793a\u9519\u8bef\uff0c\u800c\u4e0d\u7528\u8fd4\u56de nil<\/code>\u3002\u8fd9\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u9519\u8bef\u5904\u7406\u66f4\u52a0\u6e05\u6670\u548c\u5065\u58ee\u3002<\/p>\n

\u5b9e\u73b0<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u5728 Go \u4e2d\uff0c\u4f60\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u4ee5\u4e0b\u6b65\u9aa4\u6765\u5b9e\u73b0\u9519\u8bef\u54e8\u5175\u6a21\u5f0f\uff1a<\/p>\n

    \n
  1. \n

    \u521b\u5efa\u4e00\u4e2a\u5e38\u91cf\u6765\u8868\u793a\u54e8\u5175\u503c\uff1a<\/p>\n

    const Sentinel error = errors.New(\"\u54e8\u5175\u9519\u8bef\")<\/pre>\n<\/li>\n
  2. \n
    \u5728\u51fa\u73b0\u9519\u8bef\u65f6\u8fd4\u56de\u54e8\u5175\u503c\uff1a<\/p>\n
    func MyFunction() error {\n if err := someError(); err != nil {\n     return Sentinel\n }\n \/\/ ...\n}<\/pre>\n<\/li>\n
  3. \n
    \u5728\u8c03\u7528\u51fd\u6570\u65f6\u68c0\u67e5\u54e8\u5175\u503c\uff1a<\/p>\n
    func main() {\n if err := MyFunction(); err == Sentinel {\n     \/\/ \u5904\u7406\u54e8\u5175\u9519\u8bef\n } else if err != nil {\n     \/\/ \u5904\u7406\u5176\u4ed6\u9519\u8bef\n }\n}<\/pre>\n<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n
    \u5b9e\u6218\u6848\u4f8b<\/strong><\/p>\n
    \u8003\u8651\u4e00\u4e2a\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u67e5\u8be2\u51fd\u6570\uff0c\u5b83\u53ef\u80fd\u8fd4\u56de\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u9519\u8bef\u6216\u5185\u90e8\u9519\u8bef\uff1a<\/p>\n
    type MyDBError struct {\n    wrapped error\n}\n\nfunc (e *MyDBError) Error() string {\n    return \"\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u9519\u8bef\uff1a\" + e.wrapped.Error()\n}\n\nfunc QueryDatabase() (string, error) {\n    \/\/ \u8c03\u7528\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u67e5\u8be2 API\n    if dbErr != nil {\n        return \"\", &MyDBError{wrapped: dbErr}\n    }\n    \/\/ \u67e5\u8be2\u6210\u529f\uff0c\u8fd4\u56de\u7ed3\u679c\n    return result, nil\n}<\/pre>\n
    \u5728\u4e0a\u9762\u7684\u4f8b\u5b50\u91cc\uff0c&MyDBError{wrapped: dbErr}<\/code> \u662f\u54e8\u5175\u503c\uff0c\u5b83\u8868\u793a\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u9519\u8bef\u3002\u5728\u8c03\u7528 QueryDatabase<\/code> \u51fd\u6570\u65f6\uff0c\u4f60\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u4ee5\u4e0b\u65b9\u5f0f\u68c0\u67e5\u54e8\u5175\u9519\u8bef\uff1a<\/p>\n
    result, err := QueryDatabase()\nif err == Sentinel {\n    \/\/ \u5904\u7406\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u9519\u8bef\n} else if err != nil {\n    \/\/ \u5904\u7406\u5185\u90e8\u9519\u8bef\n}<\/pre>\n
    \u4f18\u70b9<\/strong><\/p>\n
    \u9519\u8bef\u54e8\u5175\u6a21\u5f0f\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u4ee5\u4e0b\u4f18\u70b9\uff1a<\/p>\n
      \n
    • \u6e05\u6670\u7684\u9519\u8bef\u5904\u7406\uff1a<\/strong>\u54e8\u5175\u503c\u53ef\u4ee5\u6e05\u695a\u5730\u8868\u660e\u9519\u8bef\u7c7b\u578b\u3002<\/li>\n
    • \u5065\u58ee\u7684\u4ee3\u7801\uff1a<\/strong>\u65e0\u9700\u8fd4\u56de nil<\/code> \u503c\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u51cf\u5c11\u4e86\u7f16\u5199\u9519\u8bef\u4ee3\u7801\u7684\u673a\u4f1a\u3002<\/li>\n
    • \u53ef\u6269\u5c55\u6027\uff1a<\/strong>\u53ef\u4ee5\u5b9a\u4e49\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u54e8\u5175\u503c\u6765\u8868\u793a\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u9519\u8bef\u7c7b\u578b\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
      \u5230\u8fd9\u91cc\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u4e5f\u5c31\u8bb2\u5b8c\u4e86\u300a\u5982\u4f55\u5728 Go \u4e2d\u4f7f\u7528\u9519\u8bef\u54e8\u5175\u6a21\u5f0f\u300b\u7684\u5185\u5bb9\u4e86\u3002\u4e2a\u4eba\u8ba4\u4e3a\uff0c\u57fa\u7840\u77e5\u8bc6\u7684\u5b66\u4e60\u548c\u5de9\u56fa\uff0c\u662f\u4e3a\u4e86\u66f4\u597d\u7684\u5c06\u5176\u8fd0\u7528\u5230\u9879\u76ee\u4e2d\uff0c\u6b22\u8fce\u5173\u6ce8GOLANG\u516c\u4f17\u53f7\uff0c\u5e26\u4f60\u4e86\u89e3\u66f4\u591a\u5173\u4e8eGo,\u9519\u8bef\u54e8\u5175\u6a21\u5f0f\u7684\u77e5\u8bc6\u70b9\uff01<\/p>\n
      \n
      \n <\/dt>\n
      \n   \u5982\u4f55\u7f16\u5199\u5065\u58ee\u7684PHP\u51fd\u6570\n <\/dd>\n<\/dl>\n
      \n
      \n <\/dt>\n
      \n   \u5229\u7528\u51fd\u6570\u5f0f\u7f16\u7a0b\u514b\u670dJava\u4ee3\u7801\u5197\u4f59\n <\/dd>\n<\/dl>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
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