{"id":205469,"date":"2025-06-01T10:21:21","date_gmt":"2025-06-01T02:21:21","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/server.hk\/cnblog\/?p=205469"},"modified":"2025-06-01T10:21:21","modified_gmt":"2025-06-01T02:21:21","slug":"%e6%b7%b1%e5%85%a5%e8%a7%a3%e6%9e%90selinux%e5%ae%89%e5%85%a8%e6%9c%ba%e5%88%b6%ef%bc%9a%e6%9c%8d%e5%8a%a1%e5%99%a8%e7%8e%af%e5%a2%83%e4%b8%8b%e7%9a%84%e8%ae%bf%e9%97%ae%e6%8e%a7%e5%88%b6%e4%b8%8e","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/server.hk\/cnblog\/205469\/","title":{"rendered":"\u6df1\u5165\u89e3\u6790SELinux\u5b89\u5168\u673a\u5236\uff1a\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u73af\u5883\u4e0b\u7684\u8bbf\u95ee\u63a7\u5236\u4e0e\u5b9e\u6218\u914d\u7f6e\u6307\u5357"},"content":{"rendered":"<h2>\u524d\u8a00<\/h2>\n<p>\u5728\u73b0\u4ee3Linux\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e2d\uff0cSELinux\uff08Security-Enhanced Linux\uff09\u4f5c\u4e3a\u4e00\u79cd\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u5b89\u5168\u63a7\u5236\u673a\u5236\uff0c\u65e9\u5df2\u6210\u4e3a\u4fdd\u969c\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u8d44\u6e90\u5b89\u5168\u7684\u6838\u5fc3\u5de5\u5177\u3002\u5c24\u5176\u5728\u90e8\u7f72<strong>\u9999\u6e2f\u4e91\u670d\u52a1\u5668<\/strong>\u6216<strong>\u9999\u6e2f\u72ec\u7acb\u670d\u52a1\u5668<\/strong>\u7b49\u591a\u79df\u6237\u73af\u5883\u4e2d\uff0c\u5408\u7406\u914d\u7f6eSELinux\u4e0d\u4ec5\u80fd\u63d0\u5347\u7cfb\u7edf\u9632\u5fa1\u80fd\u529b\uff0c\u8fd8\u80fd\u6709\u6548\u963b\u6b62\u975e\u6cd5\u8fdb\u7a0b\u7684\u8d44\u6e90\u8bbf\u95ee\uff0c\u5f3a\u5316\u6574\u4f53\u9632\u62a4\u4f53\u7cfb\u3002<\/p>\n<h2>\u4e00\u3001SELinux\u57fa\u7840\u6982\u5ff5\u89e3\u6790<\/h2>\n<p>SELinux \u662f\u7531\u7f8e\u56fd\u56fd\u5bb6\u5b89\u5168\u5c40\uff08NSA\uff09\u4e0e Secure Computing Corporation \u5408\u4f5c\u5f00\u53d1\u7684\u4e00\u5957\u57fa\u4e8e\u5f3a\u5236\u8bbf\u95ee\u63a7\u5236\uff08MAC\uff09\u7684\u5b89\u5168\u5b50\u7cfb\u7edf\u3002\u81ea Linux \u5185\u68382.6\u7248\u672c\u8d77\uff0c\u5b83\u88ab\u6b63\u5f0f\u96c6\u6210\uff0c\u6210\u4e3a\u7cfb\u7edf\u6838\u5fc3\u5b89\u5168\u6a21\u5757\u3002<\/p>\n<h3>1. \u8bbf\u95ee\u63a7\u5236\u6a21\u578b\u6982\u8ff0<\/h3>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>DAC\uff08\u81ea\u4e3b\u8bbf\u95ee\u63a7\u5236\uff09<\/strong>\uff1a\u4f20\u7edfLinux\u6743\u9650\u4f53\u7cfb\uff0c\u4f9d\u636e\u6587\u4ef6\u6240\u6709\u8005\u6743\u9650\uff08rwx\uff09\u8fdb\u884c\u8bbf\u95ee\u63a7\u5236\uff0c\u4f46\u5b58\u5728\u5b89\u5168\u76f2\u70b9\uff0c\u96be\u4ee5\u5e94\u5bf9\u590d\u6742\u653b\u51fb\u3002<\/li>\n<li><strong>MAC\uff08\u5f3a\u5236\u8bbf\u95ee\u63a7\u5236\uff09<\/strong>\uff1a\u901a\u8fc7\u7b56\u7565\u89c4\u5219\u5b9a\u4e49\u8fdb\u7a0b\u5bf9\u8d44\u6e90\u7684\u8bbf\u95ee\u6743\u9650\uff0c\u5f3a\u5316\u4e86\u5bf9\u670d\u52a1\u3001\u6587\u4ef6\u3001\u7aef\u53e3\u7b49\u5bf9\u8c61\u7684\u7ea6\u675f\uff0c\u6781\u5927\u63d0\u9ad8\u7cfb\u7edf\u6297\u653b\u51fb\u80fd\u529b\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\u5728\u90e8\u7f72<strong>\u9999\u6e2fvps<\/strong>\u7b49\u7f51\u7edc\u5e94\u7528\u5e73\u53f0\u65f6\uff0cMAC\u673a\u5236\u663e\u5f97\u5c24\u4e3a\u5173\u952e\uff0c\u80fd\u6709\u6548\u9694\u79bb\u654f\u611f\u8d44\u6e90\uff0c\u9632\u6b62\u7cfb\u7edf\u8fdb\u7a0b\u8d8a\u6743\u64cd\u4f5c\u3002<\/p>\n<h3>2. SELinux\u8fd0\u884c\u673a\u5236<\/h3>\n<p>SELinux\u4e3b\u8981\u56f4\u7ed5\u201c\u8fdb\u7a0b\u8bbf\u95ee\u8d44\u6e90\u201d\u7684\u6838\u5fc3\u903b\u8f91\u5c55\u5f00\uff1a<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>\u4e3b\u4f53\uff08Subject\uff09<\/strong>\uff1a\u6267\u884c\u64cd\u4f5c\u7684\u8fdb\u7a0b\u3002<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u5ba2\u4f53\uff08Object\uff09<\/strong>\uff1a\u88ab\u8bbf\u95ee\u7684\u8d44\u6e90\uff0c\u5982\u6587\u4ef6\u3001\u76ee\u5f55\u3001\u7aef\u53e3\u7b49\u3002<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u5b89\u5168\u4e0a\u4e0b\u6587\uff08Security Context\uff09<\/strong>\uff1a\u7531\u6807\u7b7e\u6807\u8bc6\uff0c\u5305\u542b\u7528\u6237\u3001\u89d2\u8272\u3001\u7c7b\u578b\u7b49\u4fe1\u606f\uff0c\u63a7\u5236\u8d44\u6e90\u8bbf\u95ee\u6743\u9650\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\u6bcf\u5f53\u8fdb\u7a0b\u5c1d\u8bd5\u8bbf\u95ee\u67d0\u8d44\u6e90\uff0c\u5185\u6838\u4f1a\u901a\u8fc7\u8bbf\u95ee\u5411\u91cf\u7f13\u5b58\uff08AVC\uff09\u68c0\u7d22\u76f8\u5e94\u89c4\u5219\uff0c\u5e76\u5224\u65ad\u64cd\u4f5c\u662f\u5426\u88ab\u5141\u8bb8\u3002<\/p>\n<h2>\u4e8c\u3001SELinux\u7b56\u7565\u7c7b\u578b\u8be6\u89e3<\/h2>\n<p>\u6839\u636e\u63a7\u5236\u7c92\u5ea6\u4e0e\u9002\u7528\u8303\u56f4\u7684\u4e0d\u540c\uff0cSELinux\u7b56\u7565\u53ef\u5206\u4e3a\u4ee5\u4e0b\u51e0\u79cd\uff1a<\/p>\n<table>\n<thead>\n<tr>\n<th>\u7b56\u7565\u7c7b\u578b<\/th>\n<th>\u8bf4\u660e<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td><strong>strict<\/strong><\/td>\n<td>\u6240\u6709\u8fdb\u7a0b\u90fd\u53d7\u9650\u5236\uff0c\u9002\u7528\u4e8e\u9ad8\u5b89\u5168\u73af\u5883<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><strong>targeted<\/strong><\/td>\n<td>\u9ed8\u8ba4\u7b56\u7565\uff0c\u4ec5\u63a7\u5236\u7279\u5b9a\u9ad8\u98ce\u9669\u670d\u52a1<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><strong>minimum<\/strong><\/td>\n<td>\u5b9a\u5236\u7b56\u7565\uff0c\u53ea\u5e94\u7528\u4e8e\u6307\u5b9a\u670d\u52a1\uff0c\u63d0\u5347\u517c\u5bb9\u6027<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><strong>mls<\/strong><\/td>\n<td>\u591a\u7ea7\u5b89\u5168\u7b56\u7565\uff08Multi-Level Security\uff09\uff0c\u7528\u4e8e\u653f\u5e9c\/\u519b\u5de5\u573a\u666f<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p>\u4e00\u822c\u6765\u8bf4\uff0c\u5728\u914d\u7f6e<strong>\u9999\u6e2f\u4e91\u670d\u52a1\u5668<\/strong>\u7b49\u4e1a\u52a1\u573a\u666f\u4e2d\uff0c\u63a8\u8350\u91c7\u7528 <code>targeted<\/code> \u6216 <code>minimum<\/code> \u7b56\u7565\uff0c\u4ee5\u5e73\u8861\u5b89\u5168\u4e0e\u6027\u80fd\u3002<\/p>\n<h2>\u4e09\u3001SELinux\u5b89\u5168\u4e0a\u4e0b\u6587\u8be6\u89e3<\/h2>\n<p>SELinux\u901a\u8fc7\u4e3a\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e2d\u7684\u6bcf\u4e2a\u5bf9\u8c61\uff08\u6587\u4ef6\u3001\u8fdb\u7a0b\u3001\u7aef\u53e3\u7b49\uff09\u6253\u4e0a\u6807\u7b7e\uff0c\u5b9e\u73b0\u7cbe\u7ec6\u5316\u63a7\u5236\uff1a<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>\u683c\u5f0f<\/strong>\uff1a<code>user:role:type[:sensitivity][:category]<\/code><\/li>\n<li>\u793a\u4f8b\uff1a\n<pre><code>-rw-r--r--. root root system_u:object_r:httpd_sys_content_t:s0 index.html\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\u901a\u8fc7\u4ee5\u4e0b\u547d\u4ee4\u53ef\u67e5\u770b\u5b89\u5168\u4e0a\u4e0b\u6587\uff1a<\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"language-bash\">ls -Z        # \u67e5\u770b\u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u5b89\u5168\u4e0a\u4e0b\u6587\r\nps auxZ      # \u67e5\u770b\u8fdb\u7a0b\u7684\u5b89\u5168\u4e0a\u4e0b\u6587\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\u5176\u4e2d\uff0c<code>type<\/code>\uff08\u7c7b\u578b\uff09\u662f\u89c4\u5219\u5339\u914d\u7684\u6838\u5fc3\u4f9d\u636e\uff0c\u4e0d\u540c\u670d\u52a1\u4f1a\u62e5\u6709\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u9ed8\u8ba4\u7c7b\u578b\u6807\u7b7e\u3002<\/p>\n<h2>\u56db\u3001SELinux\u5b9e\u7528\u914d\u7f6e\u6307\u5357<\/h2>\n<p>\u5728\u9999\u6e2f\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u7684\u90e8\u7f72\u4e0e\u65e5\u5e38\u7ef4\u62a4\u4e2d\uff0c\u5408\u7406\u914d\u7f6eSELinux\u72b6\u6001\u53ca\u7b56\u7565\uff0c\u6709\u52a9\u4e8e\u63d0\u5347\u7cfb\u7edf\u6574\u4f53\u5b89\u5168\u6027\u3002<\/p>\n<h3>1. \u8bbe\u7f6e\u8fd0\u884c\u72b6\u6001<\/h3>\n<p>SELinux\u53ef\u8fd0\u884c\u4e8e\u4e09\u79cd\u6a21\u5f0f\uff1a<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Enforcing<\/strong>\uff1a\u4e25\u683c\u6267\u884c\u7b56\u7565\uff08\u63a8\u8350\u7ebf\u4e0a\u73af\u5883\uff09<\/li>\n<li><strong>Permissive<\/strong>\uff1a\u53ea\u8bb0\u5f55\u8fdd\u89c4\u884c\u4e3a\uff08\u7528\u4e8e\u8c03\u8bd5\uff09<\/li>\n<li><strong>Disabled<\/strong>\uff1a\u5b8c\u5168\u5173\u95ed\uff08\u4e0d\u5efa\u8bae\uff09<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\u67e5\u770b\u4e0e\u4fee\u6539\u5f53\u524d\u72b6\u6001\uff1a<\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"language-bash\">getenforce         # \u67e5\u770b\u5f53\u524d\u72b6\u6001\r\nsetenforce 1       # \u8bbe\u7f6e\u4e3aEnforcing\r\nsetenforce 0       # \u8bbe\u7f6e\u4e3aPermissive\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<blockquote><p>\u6ce8\u610f\uff1a\u66f4\u6539\u914d\u7f6e\u6587\u4ef6\uff08\u5982 <code>\/etc\/selinux\/config<\/code>\uff09\u540e\u9700\u91cd\u542f\u7cfb\u7edf\u751f\u6548\u3002<\/p><\/blockquote>\n<h3>2. \u6587\u4ef6\u4e0e\u7aef\u53e3\u6253\u6807\u7b7e<\/h3>\n<p>\u4e3a\u4fdd\u969c\u670d\u52a1\u6b63\u5e38\u8fd0\u884c\uff0c\u67d0\u4e9b\u81ea\u5b9a\u4e49\u76ee\u5f55\u6216\u7aef\u53e3\u9700\u6253\u4e0a\u6b63\u786e\u7684\u6807\u7b7e\uff1a<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\u6587\u4ef6\u6807\u7b7e\u4fee\u6539\uff1a\n<pre><code class=\"language-bash\">chcon -t httpd_sys_content_t \/var\/www\/html\/index.html\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/li>\n<li>\u6c38\u4e45\u8bbe\u7f6e\u6807\u7b7e\u5e76\u4f7f\u4e4b\u751f\u6548\uff1a\n<pre><code class=\"language-bash\">semanage fcontext -a -t httpd_sys_content_t \"\/data\/www(\/.*)?\"\r\nrestorecon -Rv \/data\/www\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/li>\n<li>\u6dfb\u52a0\u7aef\u53e3\u7b56\u7565\uff1a\n<pre><code class=\"language-bash\">semanage port -a -t http_port_t -p tcp 8080\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\u8fd9\u4e9b\u64cd\u4f5c\u5728\u6784\u5efa\u57fa\u4e8e<strong>\u9999\u6e2fvps<\/strong>\u7684Web\u5e94\u7528\u73af\u5883\u65f6\u81f3\u5173\u91cd\u8981\uff0c\u80fd\u591f\u786e\u4fdd\u670d\u52a1\u7aef\u53e3\u4e0e\u76ee\u5f55\u62e5\u6709\u5408\u89c4\u6743\u9650\uff0c\u907f\u514d\u88abSELinux\u62e6\u622a\u3002<\/p>\n<h3>3. \u5e03\u5c14\u503c\u5f00\u5173\u7ba1\u7406<\/h3>\n<p>SELinux\u901a\u8fc7\u5e03\u5c14\u503c\u63a7\u5236\u67d0\u4e9b\u670d\u52a1\u884c\u4e3a\uff0c\u5982\u662f\u5426\u5141\u8bb8 <code>httpd<\/code> \u8bbf\u95eeNFS\u6302\u8f7d\uff1a<\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"language-bash\">getsebool -a | grep httpd\r\nsetsebool -P httpd_use_nfs on\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<h2>\u7ed3\u8bed\uff1aSELinux\u5728\u9999\u6e2f\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u5b89\u5168\u4e2d\u7684\u5e94\u7528\u4ef7\u503c<\/h2>\n<p>\u901a\u8fc7\u4e0a\u8ff0\u5206\u6790\u53ef\u89c1\uff0cSELinux\u5728\u591a\u7528\u6237\u3001\u591a\u8fdb\u7a0b\u5e76\u53d1\u73af\u5883\u4e2d\u7684\u5b89\u5168\u63a7\u5236\u80fd\u529b\uff0c\u662f\u6784\u5efa\u53ef\u4fe1\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u5e73\u53f0\u7684\u5173\u952e\u5de5\u5177\u3002\u65e0\u8bba\u662f\u8fd0\u884c\u7535\u5546\u7f51\u7ad9\u3001\u5728\u7ebf\u6559\u80b2\u5e73\u53f0\uff0c\u8fd8\u662fAI\u8ba1\u7b97\u4efb\u52a1\uff0c\u5c06SELinux\u4e0e<a href=\"https:\/\/server.hk\/\"><strong>\u9999\u6e2f\u72ec\u7acb\u670d\u52a1\u5668<\/strong><\/a>\u914d\u5408\u4f7f\u7528\uff0c\u90fd\u80fd\u6709\u6548\u63d0\u5347\u7cfb\u7edf\u7a33\u5065\u6027\u4e0e\u9632\u5fa1\u5f3a\u5ea6\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u9009\u62e9\u4e00\u6b3e\u5b89\u5168\u6027\u9ad8\u3001\u8d44\u6e90\u914d\u7f6e\u7075\u6d3b\u7684\u9999\u6e2f\u670d\u52a1\u5668\uff0c\u5c06\u4e3a\u60a8\u7684\u4e1a\u52a1\u63d0\u4f9b\u575a\u5b9e\u540e\u76fe\u3002\u9009\u62e9\u6211\u4eec\u9999\u6e2f\u670d\u52a1\u5668\uff0c\u63a2\u7d22\u66f4\u591a\u9999\u6e2fvps\u4e0e\u4e91\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u89e3\u51b3\u65b9\u6848\uff0c\u5f00\u542f\u5b89\u5168\u4e0e\u6027\u80fd\u517c\u987e\u7684\u8fd0\u8425\u4e4b\u65c5\uff01<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u524d\u8a00 \u5728\u73b0\u4ee3Linux\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e2d\uff0cS&#46;&#46;&#46;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[4924],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-205469","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-setup-tutorials"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/server.hk\/cnblog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/205469","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/server.hk\/cnblog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/server.hk\/cnblog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/server.hk\/cnblog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/server.hk\/cnblog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=205469"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/server.hk\/cnblog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/205469\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/server.hk\/cnblog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=205469"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/server.hk\/cnblog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=205469"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/server.hk\/cnblog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=205469"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}