{"id":205369,"date":"2025-05-29T10:20:19","date_gmt":"2025-05-29T02:20:19","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/server.hk\/cnblog\/205369\/"},"modified":"2025-05-29T10:20:19","modified_gmt":"2025-05-29T02:20:19","slug":"%e4%ba%86%e8%a7%a3%e5%b7%a5%e5%8e%82%e5%92%8c%e5%b7%a5%e5%8e%82%e6%96%b9%e6%b3%95%e8%ae%be%e8%ae%a1%e6%a8%a1%e5%bc%8f","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/server.hk\/cnblog\/205369\/","title":{"rendered":"\u4e86\u89e3\u5de5\u5382\u548c\u5de5\u5382\u65b9\u6cd5\u8bbe\u8ba1\u6a21\u5f0f"},"content":{"rendered":"

<\/b> <\/p>\n

\u4e86\u89e3\u5de5\u5382\u548c\u5de5\u5382\u65b9\u6cd5\u8bbe\u8ba1\u6a21\u5f0f<\/h1>\n

\u76ee\u524d\u4e0a\u5df2\u7ecf\u6709\u5f88\u591a\u5173\u4e8e\u6587\u7ae0<\/span>\u7684\u6587\u7ae0\u4e86\uff0c\u81ea\u5df1\u5728\u521d\u6b21\u9605\u8bfb\u8fd9\u4e9b\u6587\u7ae0\u4e2d\uff0c\u4e5f\u89c1\u8bc6\u5230\u4e86\u5f88\u591a\u5b66\u4e60\u601d\u8def\uff1b\u90a3\u4e48\u672c\u6587\u300a\u4e86\u89e3\u5de5\u5382\u548c\u5de5\u5382\u65b9\u6cd5\u8bbe\u8ba1\u6a21\u5f0f\u300b<\/span>\uff0c\u4e5f\u5e0c\u671b\u80fd\u5e2e\u52a9\u5230\u5927\u5bb6\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u9605\u8bfb\u5b8c\u540e\u771f\u7684\u5bf9\u4f60\u5b66\u4e60\u6587\u7ae0<\/span>\u6709\u5e2e\u52a9\uff0c\u6b22\u8fce\u52a8\u52a8\u624b\u6307\uff0c\u8bc4\u8bba\u7559\u8a00\u5e76\u5206\u4eab~<\/p>\n

<\/p>\n

\u4ec0\u4e48\u662f\u5de5\u5382\u7c7b\uff1f\u5de5\u5382\u7c7b\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u521b\u5efa\u4e00\u4e2a\u6216\u591a\u4e2a\u4e0d\u540c\u7c7b\u7684\u5bf9\u8c61\u7684\u7c7b\u3002<\/p>\n

\u5de5\u5382\u6a21\u5f0f\u53ef\u4ee5\u8bf4\u662f\u8f6f\u4ef6\u5de5\u7a0b\u4e2d\u6700\u5e38\u7528\u7684\u8bbe\u8ba1\u6a21\u5f0f\u3002\u5728\u672c\u6587\u4e2d\uff0c\u6211\u5c06\u4f7f\u7528\u4e00\u4e2a\u7b80\u5355\u7684\u793a\u4f8b\u95ee\u9898\u6df1\u5165\u89e3\u91ca\u7b80\u5355\u5de5\u5382\u548c\u5de5\u5382\u65b9\u6cd5\u8bbe\u8ba1\u6a21\u5f0f\u3002<\/p>\n

\u5047\u8bbe\u6211\u4eec\u8981\u521b\u5efa\u4e00\u4e2a\u652f\u6301\u4e24\u79cd\u52a8\u7269\uff08\u4f8b\u5982\u72d7\u548c\u732b\uff09\u7684\u7cfb\u7edf\uff0c\u6bcf\u4e2a\u52a8\u7269\u7c7b\u522b\u90fd\u5e94\u8be5\u6709\u4e00\u4e2a\u65b9\u6cd5\u6765\u53d1\u51fa\u52a8\u7269\u7684\u58f0\u97f3\u7c7b\u578b\u3002\u73b0\u5728\uff0c\u5ba2\u6237\u5e0c\u671b\u4f7f\u7528\u8be5\u7cfb\u7edf\u6839\u636e\u5ba2\u6237\u7684\u7528\u6237\u8f93\u5165\u53d1\u51fa\u52a8\u7269\u7684\u58f0\u97f3\u3002\u4e0a\u8ff0\u95ee\u9898\u7684\u57fa\u672c\u89e3\u51b3\u65b9\u6848\u53ef\u4ee5\u5199\u6210\u5982\u4e0b\uff1a<\/p>\n

from abc import abc, abstractmethod\n\nclass animal(abc):\n    @abstractmethod\n    def make_sound(self):\n        pass\n\nclass dog(animal):\n    def make_sound(self):\n        print(\"bhow bhow!\")\n\nclass cat(animal):\n    def make_sound(self):\n        print(\"meow meow!\")\n<\/pre>\n
\u901a\u8fc7\u8fd9\u4e2a\u89e3\u51b3\u65b9\u6848\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u7684\u5ba2\u6237\u5c06\u50cf\u8fd9\u6837\u4f7f\u7528\u7cfb\u7edf<\/p>\n
## client code\nif __name__ == '__main__':\n    animal_type = input(\"which animal should make sound dog or cat?\")\n    if animal_type.lower() == 'dog':\n        dog().make_sound()\n    elif animal_type.lower() == 'cat':\n        cat().make_sound()\n<\/pre>\n
\u6211\u4eec\u7684\u89e3\u51b3\u65b9\u6848\u53ef\u4ee5\u6b63\u5e38\u5de5\u4f5c\uff0c\u4f46\u7b80\u5355\u5de5\u5382\u6a21\u5f0f\u8868\u660e\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u505a\u5f97\u66f4\u597d\u3002\u4e3a\u4ec0\u4e48\uff1f\u6b63\u5982\u60a8\u5728\u4e0a\u9762\u7684\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u4ee3\u7801\u4e2d\u770b\u5230\u7684\uff0c\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u5fc5\u987b\u51b3\u5b9a\u4e00\u6b21\u8c03\u7528\u54ea\u4e2a\u52a8\u7269\u7c7b\u3002\u60f3\u8c61\u4e00\u4e0b\u8be5\u7cfb\u7edf\u6709\u5341\u79cd\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u52a8\u7269\u7c7b\u522b\u3002\u60a8\u5df2\u7ecf\u53ef\u4ee5\u770b\u5230\u6211\u4eec\u7684\u5ba2\u6237\u4f7f\u7528\u8be5\u7cfb\u7edf\u4f1a\u9047\u5230\u591a\u5927\u7684\u95ee\u9898\u3002 <\/p>\n
\u6240\u4ee5\u8fd9\u91cc\u7b80\u5355\u5de5\u5382\u6a21\u5f0f\u53ea\u662f\u8bf4\uff0c\u4e0d\u8981\u8ba9\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u51b3\u5b9a\u8c03\u7528\u54ea\u4e2a\u7c7b\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u8ba9\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e3a\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u51b3\u5b9a\u3002 <\/p>\n
\u8981\u4f7f\u7528\u7b80\u5355\u5de5\u5382\u6a21\u5f0f\u89e3\u51b3\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u9700\u8981\u505a\u7684\u5c31\u662f\u521b\u5efa\u4e00\u4e2a\u5de5\u5382\u7c7b\uff0c\u5176\u4e2d\u5305\u542b\u8d1f\u8d23\u52a8\u7269\u5bf9\u8c61\u521b\u5efa\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u3002<\/p>\n
...\n...\nclass animalfactory:\n    def make_sound(self, animal_type):\n        return eval(animal_type.title())().make_sound()\n<\/pre>\n
\u901a\u8fc7\u8fd9\u79cd\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u4ee3\u7801\u53d8\u4e3a\uff1a<\/p>\n
## client code\nif __name__ == '__main__':\n    animal_type = input(\"which animal should make sound dog or cat?\")\n    animalfactory().make_sound(animal_type)\n<\/pre>\n
\u603b\u4e4b\uff0c\u7b80\u5355\u5de5\u5382\u6a21\u5f0f\u5c31\u662f\u521b\u5efa\u4e00\u4e2a\u4ee3\u8868\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u5904\u7406\u5bf9\u8c61\u521b\u5efa\u7684\u5de5\u5382\u7c7b\u3002<\/p>\n
\u56de\u5230\u6211\u4eec\u7684\u95ee\u9898\u9648\u8ff0\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u7684\u7cfb\u7edf\u53ea\u652f\u6301\u4e24\u79cd\u7c7b\u578b\u7684\u52a8\u7269\uff08\u72d7\u548c\u732b\uff09\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u8fd9\u4e2a\u9650\u5236\u88ab\u6d88\u9664\u5e76\u4e14\u6211\u4eec\u7684\u7cfb\u7edf\u613f\u610f\u652f\u6301\u4efb\u4f55\u7c7b\u578b\u7684\u52a8\u7269\u600e\u4e48\u529e\uff1f\u5f53\u7136\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u7684\u7cfb\u7edf\u65e0\u6cd5\u4e3a\u6570\u767e\u4e07\u53ea\u52a8\u7269\u63d0\u4f9b\u5b9e\u73b0\u3002\u8fd9\u5c31\u662f\u5de5\u5382\u65b9\u6cd5\u6a21\u5f0f\u53ef\u4ee5\u53d1\u6325\u4f5c\u7528\u7684\u5730\u65b9\u3002 <\/p>\n
\u5728\u5de5\u5382\u65b9\u6cd5\u6a21\u5f0f\u4e2d\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u5b9a\u4e49\u4e00\u4e2a\u62bd\u8c61\u7c7b\u6216\u63a5\u53e3\u6765\u521b\u5efa\u5bf9\u8c61\uff0c\u4f46\u4e0d\u662f\u7531\u5de5\u5382\u8d1f\u8d23\u5bf9\u8c61\u7684\u521b\u5efa\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u5c06\u8d23\u4efb\u63a8\u8fdf\u5230\u51b3\u5b9a\u8981\u5b9e\u4f8b\u5316\u7684\u7c7b\u7684\u5b50\u7c7b\u3002 <\/p>\n
    \n
  1. \n
    creator<\/strong>\uff1acreator \u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u62bd\u8c61\u7c7b\u6216\u63a5\u53e3\u3002\u5b83\u58f0\u660e\u4e86\u5de5\u5382\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u8fd9\u662f\u521b\u5efa\u5bf9\u8c61\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u3002 creator \u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u521b\u5efa\u4ea7\u54c1\u7684\u63a5\u53e3\uff0c\u4f46\u6ca1\u6709\u6307\u5b9a\u5176\u5177\u4f53\u7c7b\u3002<\/p>\n<\/li>\n
  2. \n
    \u5177\u4f53\u9020\u7269\u4e3b<\/strong>\uff1a\u5177\u4f53\u9020\u7269\u4e3b\u662f\u9020\u7269\u4e3b\u7684\u5b50\u7c7b\u3002\u4ed6\u4eec\u5b9e\u73b0\u5de5\u5382\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u51b3\u5b9a\u5b9e\u4f8b\u5316\u54ea\u4e2a\u5177\u4f53\u4ea7\u54c1\u7c7b\u3002\u6362\u53e5\u8bdd\u8bf4\uff0c\u6bcf\u4e2a\u5177\u4f53\u521b\u9020\u8005\u90fd\u4e13\u6ce8\u4e8e\u521b\u9020\u7279\u5b9a\u7c7b\u578b\u7684\u4ea7\u54c1\u3002<\/p>\n<\/li>\n
  3. \n
    \u4ea7\u54c1<\/strong>\uff1a\u4ea7\u54c1\u662f\u53e6\u4e00\u4e2a\u62bd\u8c61\u7c7b\u6216\u63a5\u53e3\u3002\u5b83\u5b9a\u4e49\u4e86\u5de5\u5382\u65b9\u6cd5\u521b\u5efa\u7684\u5bf9\u8c61\u7684\u7c7b\u578b\u3002\u8fd9\u4e9b\u4ea7\u54c1\u5171\u4eab\u4e00\u4e2a\u901a\u7528\u7684\u63a5\u53e3\uff0c\u4f46\u5b83\u4eec\u7684\u5177\u4f53\u5b9e\u73b0\u53ef\u80fd\u6709\u6240\u4e0d\u540c\u3002<\/p>\n<\/li>\n
  4. \n
    \u6df7\u51dd\u571f\u4ea7\u54c1<\/strong>\uff1a\u6df7\u51dd\u571f\u4ea7\u54c1\u662f\u4ea7\u54c1\u7684\u5b50\u7c7b\u3002\u4ed6\u4eec\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u4ea7\u54c1\u7684\u5177\u4f53\u5b9e\u73b0\u3002\u6bcf\u4e2a\u5177\u4f53\u4ea7\u54c1\u5bf9\u5e94\u4e8e\u5de5\u5382\u65b9\u6cd5\u521b\u5efa\u7684\u4e00\u79cd\u7c7b\u578b\u7684\u5bf9\u8c61\u3002<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n
    \u4e0b\u9762\u662f\u6211\u4eec\u7684\u7cfb\u7edf\u4ee3\u7801\u4f7f\u7528\u5de5\u5382\u65b9\u6cd5\u6a21\u5f0f\u7684\u6837\u5b50\uff1a<\/p>\n
    \u7b2c 1 \u6b65\uff1a\u5b9a\u4e49\u4ea7\u54c1<\/strong><\/p>\n
    from abc import abc, abstractmethod\n\nclass animal(abc):\n    @abstractmethod\n    def make_sound(self):\n        pass\n<\/pre>\n
    \u7b2c 2 \u6b65\uff1a\u521b\u5efa\u6df7\u51dd\u571f\u4ea7\u54c1<\/strong><\/p>\n
    class dog(animal):\n    def make_sound(self):\n        print(\"bhow bhow!\")\n\nclass cat(animal):\n    def make_sound(self):\n        print(\"meow meow!\")\n<\/pre>\n
    \u7b2c\u4e09\u6b65\uff1a\u5b9a\u4e49\u521b\u4f5c\u8005<\/strong><\/p>\n
    class animalfactory(abc):\n    @abstractmethod\n    def create_animal(self):\n        pass\n<\/pre>\n
    \u7b2c 4 \u6b65\uff1a\u5b9e\u65bd\u5177\u4f53\u521b\u5efa\u8005<\/strong><\/p>\n
    class dogfactory(animalfactory):\n    def create_animal(self):\n        return dog()\n\nclass catfactory(animalfactory):\n    def create_animal(self):\n        return cat()\n<\/pre>\n
    \u5ba2\u6237\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u4ee5\u4e0b\u89e3\u51b3\u65b9\u6848\uff1a<\/p>\n
    ## client code\ndef get_animal(animal_type):\n    animals = {\n        \"dog\": DogFactory,\n        \"cat\": CatFactory,\n    }\n\n    return animals[animal_type]().creat_animal()\n\nif __name__ == '__main__':\n    animal_type = input(\"Which animal should make sound Dog or Cat?\")\n    animal = get_animal(animal_type.lower())\n    animal.make_sound()\n<\/pre>\n
    \u5de5\u5382\u65b9\u6cd5\u6a21\u5f0f\u89e3\u51b3\u65b9\u6848\u5141\u8bb8\u5ba2\u6237\u6269\u5c55\u7cfb\u7edf\u5e76\u5728\u9700\u8981\u65f6\u63d0\u4f9b\u81ea\u5b9a\u4e49\u52a8\u7269\u5b9e\u73b0\u3002 <\/p>\n
      \n
    1. \n
      \u89e3\u8026<\/strong>\uff1a\u5c06\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u4ee3\u7801\u4e0e\u5177\u4f53\u7c7b\u89e3\u8026\uff0c\u51cf\u5c11\u4f9d\u8d56\uff0c\u589e\u5f3a\u4ee3\u7801\u7a33\u5b9a\u6027\u3002<\/p>\n<\/li>\n
    2. \n
      \u7075\u6d3b\u6027<\/strong>\uff1a\u5b83\u5e26\u6765\u4e86\u5f88\u5927\u7684\u7075\u6d3b\u6027\u5e76\u4f7f\u4ee3\u7801\u901a\u7528\uff0c\u800c\u4e0d\u662f\u7ed1\u5b9a\u5230\u67d0\u4e2a\u7c7b\u8fdb\u884c\u5b9e\u4f8b\u5316\u3002\u8fd9\u6837\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u5c31\u4f9d\u8d56\u4e8e\u63a5\u53e3 (product)\uff0c\u800c\u4e0d\u662f concreteproduct \u7c7b\u3002<\/p>\n<\/li>\n
    3. \n
      \u53ef\u6269\u5c55\u6027<\/strong>\uff1a\u65e0\u9700\u4fee\u6539\u73b0\u6709\u4ee3\u7801\u5373\u53ef\u6dfb\u52a0\u65b0\u7684\u4ea7\u54c1\u7c7b\uff0c\u63d0\u5021\u5f00\u95ed\u539f\u5219\u3002<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n
      \u5de5\u5382\u65b9\u6cd5\u8bbe\u8ba1\u6a21\u5f0f\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u4e00\u79cd\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u6765\u521b\u5efa\u5bf9\u8c61\uff0c\u540c\u65f6\u4fdd\u6301\u4ee3\u7801\u7684\u53ef\u7ef4\u62a4\u6027\u548c\u9002\u5e94\u6027\u3002\u5b83\u5728\u5bf9\u8c61\u7c7b\u578b\u53d8\u5316\u6216\u6f14\u53d8\u7684\u573a\u666f\u4e2d\u8868\u73b0\u51fa\u8272\u3002<\/p>\n
      \u6846\u67b6\u3001\u5e93\u3001\u63d2\u4ef6\u7cfb\u7edf\u548c\u8f6f\u4ef6\u751f\u6001\u7cfb\u7edf\u90fd\u53d7\u76ca\u4e8e\u5b83\u7684\u5f3a\u5927\u529f\u80fd\u3002\u5b83\u5141\u8bb8\u7cfb\u7edf\u9002\u5e94\u4e0d\u65ad\u53d8\u5316\u7684\u9700\u6c42\u3002<\/p>\n
      \u4f46\u662f\uff0c\u5e94\u8be5\u8c28\u614e\u4f7f\u7528\u5b83\uff0c\u8003\u8651\u5e94\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\u7684\u5177\u4f53\u9700\u6c42\u548c\u7b80\u5355\u6027\u539f\u5219\u3002\u5982\u679c\u5e94\u7528\u5f97\u5f53\uff0c\u5de5\u5382\u65b9\u6cd5\u6a21\u5f0f\u53ef\u4ee5\u5bf9\u8f6f\u4ef6\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u6574\u4f53\u8bbe\u8ba1\u548c\u67b6\u6784\u505a\u51fa\u91cd\u5927\u8d21\u732e\u3002<\/p>\n
      \u7f16\u7801\u6109\u5feb\uff01\uff01\uff01<\/em><\/p>\n
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            \u7248\u672c\u58f0\u660e \u672c\u6587\u8f6c\u8f7d\u4e8e\uff1adev.to \u5982\u6709\u4fb5\u72af\uff0c\u8bf7\u8054\u7cfb\u5220\u9664<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
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