{"id":204043,"date":"2025-05-29T10:42:00","date_gmt":"2025-05-29T02:42:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/server.hk\/cnblog\/204043\/"},"modified":"2025-05-29T10:42:00","modified_gmt":"2025-05-29T02:42:00","slug":"%e6%9c%80%e5%b8%b8%e7%94%a8%e7%9a%84-flask-%e8%a3%85%e9%a5%b0%e5%99%a8","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/server.hk\/cnblog\/204043\/","title":{"rendered":"\u6700\u5e38\u7528\u7684 Flask \u88c5\u9970\u5668"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><b><\/b>     <\/p>\n<h1>\u6700\u5e38\u7528\u7684 Flask \u88c5\u9970\u5668<\/h1>\n<p><span style=\"color: #222222;, sans-serif;background-color: #FFFFFF\">\u5404\u4f4d\u5c0f\u4f19\u4f34\u4eec\uff0c\u5927\u5bb6\u597d\u5440\uff01\u770b\u770b\u4eca\u5929\u6211\u53c8\u7ed9\u5404\u4f4d\u5e26\u6765\u4e86\u4ec0\u4e48\u6587\u7ae0\uff1f\u672c\u6587\u6807\u9898<span style=\"color: #222222;, sans-serif;background-color: #FFFFFF\">\u662f<\/span><span style=\"color: #FF6600;, Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif;font-size: 14px;background-color: #FFFFFF\">\u300a\u6700\u5e38\u7528\u7684 Flask \u88c5\u9970\u5668\u300b<\/span>\uff0c\u5f88\u660e\u663e\u662f\u5173\u4e8e<span style=\"color: #FF6600;, Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif;font-size: 14px;background-color: #FFFFFF\">\u6587\u7ae0<\/span>\u7684\u6587\u7ae0\u54c8\u54c8\u54c8\uff0c\u5176\u4e2d\u5185\u5bb9\u4e3b\u8981\u4f1a\u6d89\u53ca\u5230<span style=\"color: #FF6600;, Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif;font-size: 14px;background-color: #FFFFFF\"><\/span>\u7b49\u7b49\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u80fd\u5e2e\u5230\u4f60\uff0c\u89c9\u5f97\u5f88\u4e0d\u9519\u7684\u8bdd\uff0c\u6b22\u8fce\u5404\u4f4d\u591a\u591a\u70b9\u8bc4\u548c\u5206\u4eab\uff01<\/span><\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.17golang.com\/uploads\/20241025\/1729849005671b66ad6d432.jpg\" class=\"aligncenter\"><\/p>\n<p>Flask \u662f\u7528 Python \u6784\u5efa Web \u5e94\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\u7684\u6700\u6d41\u884c\u7684\u5fae\u6846\u67b6\u4e4b\u4e00\uff0c\u5b83\u7684\u5927\u90e8\u5206\u529f\u80fd\u6765\u81ea\u88c5\u9970\u5668\u7684\u4f7f\u7528\u3002\u8fd9\u4e9b\u88c5\u9970\u5668\u5141\u8bb8\u60a8\u4ee5\u5e72\u51c0\u4e14\u53ef\u8bfb\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\u8fde\u63a5\u6846\u67b6\u7684\u529f\u80fd\uff0c\u800c\u4e0d\u4f1a\u4f7f\u60a8\u7684\u4ee3\u7801\u6df7\u4e71\u3002\u5728\u8fd9\u7bc7\u6587\u7ae0\u4e2d\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u5c06\u63a2\u8ba8\u4e94\u4e2a\u6700\u5e38\u7528\u7684 Flask \u88c5\u9970\u5668\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u4e24\u4e2a\u8363\u8a89\u5956\u3002<\/p>\n<p><strong>1 @app.route()<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>@app.route() \u88c5\u9970\u5668\u7528\u4e8e\u5b9a\u4e49 Flask \u5e94\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\u7684 URL \u8def\u7531\u3002\u5b83\u5c06 URL \u7ed1\u5b9a\u5230\u5904\u7406\u8be5\u8def\u7531\u903b\u8f91\u7684 Python \u51fd\u6570\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u793a\u4f8b\uff1a<\/p>\n<p>@app.route(&#8216;\/&#8217;)<br \/> def home():<br \/> \u8fd4\u56de\u201c\u6b22\u8fce\u6765\u5230\u4e3b\u9875\uff01\u201d<\/p>\n<p>\u8fd9\u4e2a\u7b80\u5355\u7684\u793a\u4f8b\u5c06\u6839 URL (\/) \u6620\u5c04\u5230 home() \u51fd\u6570\uff0c\u5411\u8bbf\u95ee\u8005\u8fd4\u56de\u6b22\u8fce\u6d88\u606f\u3002<\/p>\n<p><strong>2 @app.before_request()<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>\u8fd9\u4e2a\u88c5\u9970\u5668\u5728\u6bcf\u4e2a\u8bf7\u6c42\u4e4b\u524d\u8fd0\u884c\u4e00\u4e2a\u51fd\u6570\u3002\u5b83\u975e\u5e38\u9002\u5408\u68c0\u67e5\u8eab\u4efd\u9a8c\u8bc1\u3001\u521d\u59cb\u5316\u53d8\u91cf\u6216\u8bbe\u7f6e\u8d44\u6e90\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u793a\u4f8b\uff1a<\/p>\n<p>@app.before_request<br \/> def check_authentication():<br \/> \u5982\u679c\u4e0d\u662f user_is_logged_in():<br \/> return &#8220;\u8bf7\u767b\u5f55&#8221;, 401<\/p>\n<p>\u5728\u8fd9\u79cd\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\uff0c\u8be5\u51fd\u6570\u4f1a\u5728\u5141\u8bb8\u7528\u6237\u7ee7\u7eed\u64cd\u4f5c\u4e4b\u524d\u68c0\u67e5\u7528\u6237\u662f\u5426\u5df2\u901a\u8fc7\u8eab\u4efd\u9a8c\u8bc1\u3002<\/p>\n<p><strong>3 @app.after_request()<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>@app.after_request() \u88c5\u9970\u5668\u5141\u8bb8\u60a8\u5728\u5904\u7406\u8bf7\u6c42\u4e4b\u540e\u4f46\u5728\u5c06\u5176\u53d1\u9001\u5230\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u4e4b\u524d\u4fee\u6539\u54cd\u5e94\u3002\u8fd9\u901a\u5e38\u7528\u4e8e\u6dfb\u52a0\u6807\u5934\u6216\u8bb0\u5f55\u54cd\u5e94\u7b49\u4efb\u52a1\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u793a\u4f8b\uff1a<\/p>\n<p>@app.after_request<br \/> def add_security_headers(\u54cd\u5e94):<br \/> response.headers[&#8216;X-Content-Type-Options&#8217;] = &#8216;nosniff&#8217;<br \/> \u8fd4\u56de\u56de\u590d<\/p>\n<p>\u8fd9\u91cc\uff0c\u6bcf\u4e2a\u54cd\u5e94\u90fd\u4f1a\u6dfb\u52a0\u4e00\u4e2a\u5b89\u5168\u6807\u5934\u3002<\/p>\n<p><strong>4 @app.errorhandler()<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>\u9519\u8bef\u5904\u7406\u5bf9\u4e8e\u4efb\u4f55\u7f51\u7edc\u5e94\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\u90fd\u81f3\u5173\u91cd\u8981\u3002 @app.errorhandler() \u88c5\u9970\u5668\u5141\u8bb8\u60a8\u4e3a\u7279\u5b9a HTTP \u72b6\u6001\u4ee3\u7801\u5b9a\u4e49\u81ea\u5b9a\u4e49\u884c\u4e3a\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982 404 Not Found\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u793a\u4f8b\uff1a<\/p>\n<p>@app.errorhandler(404)<br \/> def page_not_found(e):<br \/> return &#8220;\u54ce\u5440\uff01\u627e\u4e0d\u5230\u9875\u9762\u3002&#8221;, 404<\/p>\n<p>\u6bcf\u5f53\u53d1\u751f 404 \u9519\u8bef\u65f6\uff0c\u6b64\u81ea\u5b9a\u4e49\u5904\u7406\u7a0b\u5e8f\u90fd\u4f1a\u8fd4\u56de\u4e00\u6761\u7528\u6237\u53cb\u597d\u7684\u6d88\u606f\u3002<\/p>\n<p><strong>5 @app.teardown_request()<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>@app.teardown_request() \u7528\u4e8e\u5728\u8bf7\u6c42\u540e\u8fdb\u884c\u6e05\u7406\uff0c\u786e\u4fdd\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u8fde\u63a5\u7b49\u8d44\u6e90\u6b63\u786e\u5173\u95ed\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u793a\u4f8b\uff1a<\/p>\n<p>@app.teardown_request<br \/> def close_db_connection(\u5f02\u5e38=\u65e0):<br \/> db_session.remove()<\/p>\n<p>\u8fd9\u91cc\uff0c\u5373\u4f7f\u5728\u8bf7\u6c42\u5904\u7406\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\u5f15\u53d1\u5f02\u5e38\uff0c\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u4f1a\u8bdd\u4e5f\u4f1a\u5728\u6bcf\u6b21\u8bf7\u6c42\u540e\u5173\u95ed\u3002<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u8363\u8a89\u63d0\u540d<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>\u867d\u7136\u8fd9\u4e9b\u88c5\u9970\u5668\u5e76\u4e0d\u603b\u662f\u88ab\u9891\u7e41\u4f7f\u7528\uff0c\u4f46\u5b83\u4eec\u5728\u67d0\u4e9b\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\u975e\u5e38\u6709\u7528\uff1a<\/p>\n<p><strong>@app.before_first_request()<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>\u6b64\u88c5\u9970\u5668\u7528\u4e8e\u5728\u5904\u7406\u7b2c\u4e00\u4e2a\u8bf7\u6c42\u4e4b\u524d\u6267\u884c\u51fd\u6570\u3002\u5b83\u975e\u5e38\u9002\u5408\u521d\u59cb\u5316\u5168\u5c40\u8d44\u6e90\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u8fde\u63a5\u6216\u52a0\u8f7d\u914d\u7f6e\u3002<\/p>\n<p>@app.before_first_request<br \/> definitialize_db():<br \/> db.connect()<br \/> @app.context_processor()<\/p>\n<p>\u5982\u679c\u60a8\u9700\u8981\u5c06\u53d8\u91cf\u6ce8\u5165\u5230\u5168\u5c40\u7684\u6240\u6709 Jinja2 \u6a21\u677f\u4e2d\uff0c\u8bf7\u4f7f\u7528 <strong>@app.context_processor()<\/strong> \u88c5\u9970\u5668\u3002\u8fd9\u4f7f\u5f97\u5f53\u524d\u7528\u6237\u6216\u5e94\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\u914d\u7f6e\u7b49\u503c\u5728\u6bcf\u4e2a\u6a21\u677f\u4e2d\u53ef\u7528\u3002<\/p>\n<p>@app.context_processor<br \/> defject_user():<br \/> \u8fd4\u56de dict(current_user=get_current_user())<\/p>\n<p>\u8fd9\u6837\uff0ccurrent_user\u5c31\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728\u60a8\u7684\u6240\u6709\u6a21\u677f\u4e2d\u4f7f\u7528\uff0c\u800c\u65e0\u9700\u6bcf\u6b21\u90fd\u624b\u52a8\u4f20\u9012\u5b83\u3002<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u603b\u7ed3<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Flask \u7684\u88c5\u9970\u5668\u53ef\u4ee5\u8f7b\u677e\u7ba1\u7406 Web \u8bf7\u6c42\u7684\u751f\u547d\u5468\u671f\u3001\u81ea\u5b9a\u4e49\u884c\u4e3a\u548c\u6269\u5c55\u529f\u80fd\u3002\u4e86\u89e3\u5982\u4f55\u4ee5\u53ca\u4f55\u65f6\u4f7f\u7528\u8fd9\u4e9b\u5e38\u89c1\u88c5\u9970\u5668\u5c06\u6709\u52a9\u4e8e\u4fdd\u6301 Flask \u4ee3\u7801\u5e72\u51c0\u3001\u53ef\u7ef4\u62a4\u4e14\u5f3a\u5927\u3002\u6211\u4eec\u9519\u8fc7\u4e86\u60a8\u6700\u559c\u6b22\u7684\u88c5\u9970\u5e08\u5417\uff1f\u8ba9\u6211\u4eec\u77e5\u9053\uff01<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u6765\u6e90<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\n<p>Flask API<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p>Flask \u8def\u7531<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p>Flask \u9519\u8bef\u5904\u7406<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p>Flask \u8bf7\u6c42\u6302\u94a9<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p>Flask \u4e0a\u4e0b\u6587\u5904\u7406\u5668<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p>\u9996\u6b21\u8bf7\u6c42\u524d\u70e7\u74f6<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\u6587\u4e2d\u5173\u4e8e\u7684\u77e5\u8bc6\u4ecb\u7ecd\uff0c\u5e0c\u671b\u5bf9\u4f60\u7684\u5b66\u4e60\u6709\u6240\u5e2e\u52a9\uff01\u82e5\u662f\u53d7\u76ca\u532a\u6d45\uff0c\u90a3\u5c31\u52a8\u52a8\u9f20\u6807\u6536\u85cf\u8fd9\u7bc7\u300a\u6700\u5e38\u7528\u7684 Flask \u88c5\u9970\u5668\u300b\u6587\u7ae0\u5427\uff0c\u4e5f\u53ef\u5173\u6ce8\u516c\u4f17\u53f7\u4e86\u89e3\u76f8\u5173\u6280\u672f\u6587\u7ae0\u3002<\/p>\n<p>      \u7248\u672c\u58f0\u660e \u672c\u6587\u8f6c\u8f7d\u4e8e\uff1adev.to \u5982\u6709\u4fb5\u72af\uff0c\u8bf7\u8054\u7cfb\u5220\u9664<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u6700\u5e38\u7528\u7684 Flask \u88c5\u9970\u5668 \u5404&#46;&#46;&#46;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[4925],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-204043","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-4925"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/server.hk\/cnblog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/204043","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/server.hk\/cnblog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/server.hk\/cnblog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/server.hk\/cnblog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/server.hk\/cnblog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=204043"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/server.hk\/cnblog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/204043\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/server.hk\/cnblog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=204043"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/server.hk\/cnblog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=204043"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/server.hk\/cnblog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=204043"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}