{"id":203060,"date":"2025-05-22T09:48:32","date_gmt":"2025-05-22T01:48:32","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/server.hk\/cnblog\/203060\/"},"modified":"2025-05-22T09:48:32","modified_gmt":"2025-05-22T01:48:32","slug":"java%e5%87%bd%e6%95%b0%e5%bc%8f%e6%8e%a5%e5%8f%a3%e5%9c%a8%e5%8d%95%e5%85%83%e6%b5%8b%e8%af%95%e5%92%8c%e4%bb%a3%e7%a0%81%e9%87%8d%e7%94%a8%e4%b8%ad%e7%9a%84%e5%ba%94%e7%94%a8%e5%9c%ba%e6%99%af","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/server.hk\/cnblog\/203060\/","title":{"rendered":"Java\u51fd\u6570\u5f0f\u63a5\u53e3\u5728\u5355\u5143\u6d4b\u8bd5\u548c\u4ee3\u7801\u91cd\u7528\u4e2d\u7684\u5e94\u7528\u573a\u666f"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><b><\/b>     <\/p>\n<h1>Java\u51fd\u6570\u5f0f\u63a5\u53e3\u5728\u5355\u5143\u6d4b\u8bd5\u548c\u4ee3\u7801\u91cd\u7528\u4e2d\u7684\u5e94\u7528\u573a\u666f<\/h1>\n<p>\u4eb2\u7231\u7684\u7f16\u7a0b\u5b66\u4e60\u7231\u597d\u8005\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u4f60\u70b9\u5f00\u4e86\u8fd9\u7bc7\u6587\u7ae0\uff0c\u8bf4\u660e\u4f60\u5bf9\u300aJava\u51fd\u6570\u5f0f\u63a5\u53e3\u5728\u5355\u5143\u6d4b\u8bd5\u548c\u4ee3\u7801\u91cd\u7528\u4e2d\u7684\u5e94\u7528\u573a\u666f\u300b\u5f88\u611f\u5174\u8da3\u3002\u672c\u7bc7\u6587\u7ae0\u5c31\u6765\u7ed9\u5927\u5bb6\u8be6\u7ec6\u89e3\u6790\u4e00\u4e0b\uff0c\u4e3b\u8981\u4ecb\u7ecd\u4e00\u4e0b\uff0c\u5e0c\u671b\u6240\u6709\u8ba4\u771f\u8bfb\u5b8c\u7684\u7ae5\u978b\u4eec\uff0c\u90fd\u6709\u5b9e\u8d28\u6027\u7684\u63d0\u9ad8\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u51fd\u6570\u5f0f\u63a5\u53e3\u5728 Java \u4e2d\u7528\u4e8e\u5355\u5143\u6d4b\u8bd5\u548c\u4ee3\u7801\u91cd\u7528\uff1a\u5355\u5143\u6d4b\u8bd5\uff1a\u6a21\u62df\u4f9d\u8d56\u9879\uff1a\u521b\u5efa Mock \u5bf9\u8c61\u5e76\u6ce8\u5165\u51fd\u6570\u5f0f\u63a5\u53e3\u5b9e\u73b0\u3002\u65ad\u8a00 Lambda \u8868\u8fbe\u5f0f\uff1a\u4f7f\u7528 Lambda \u8868\u8fbe\u5f0f\u5b9a\u4e49\u81ea\u5b9a\u4e49\u65ad\u8a00\u3002\u4ee3\u7801\u91cd\u7528\uff1a\u7b56\u7565\u6a21\u5f0f\uff1a\u5b9a\u4e49\u51fd\u6570\u5f0f\u63a5\u53e3\u4f5c\u4e3a\u7b56\u7565\uff0c\u5728\u8fd0\u884c\u65f6\u52a8\u6001\u66f4\u6539\u7b97\u6cd5\u3002\u56de\u8c03\u51fd\u6570\uff1a\u4f7f\u7528\u51fd\u6570\u5f0f\u63a5\u53e3\u4f5c\u4e3a\u56de\u8c03\u51fd\u6570\uff0c\u4f20\u9012\u4ee3\u7801\u903b\u8f91\u3002<\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.17golang.com\/uploads\/20241027\/1730033145671e35f92273e.jpg\" class=\"aligncenter\"><\/p>\n<p><strong>Java \u51fd\u6570\u5f0f\u63a5\u53e3\u5728\u5355\u5143\u6d4b\u8bd5\u548c\u4ee3\u7801\u91cd\u7528\u4e2d\u7684\u5e94\u7528\u573a\u666f<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>\u51fd\u6570\u5f0f\u63a5\u53e3\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u7279\u6b8a\u7684\u63a5\u53e3\u7c7b\u578b\uff0c\u5b83\u53ea\u5305\u542b\u4e00\u4e2a\u62bd\u8c61\u65b9\u6cd5\u3002\u5728 Java \u4e2d\uff0c\u51fd\u6570\u5f0f\u63a5\u53e3\u7531 <code>@FunctionalInterface<\/code> \u6ce8\u89e3\u4fee\u9970\u3002\u5b83\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u5bf9\u51fd\u6570\u7684\u7c7b\u578b\u5316\u8868\u793a\uff0c\u4f7f\u6211\u4eec\u80fd\u591f\u5c06\u51fd\u6570\u4f5c\u4e3a\u4e00\u7b49\u516c\u6c11\u6765\u5904\u7406\u3002\u51fd\u6570\u5f0f\u63a5\u53e3\u901a\u8fc7 Lambda \u8868\u8fbe\u5f0f\u6216\u65b9\u6cd5\u5f15\u7528\u5b9e\u73b0\u3002<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u5355\u5143\u6d4b\u8bd5<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>\u5728\u5355\u5143\u6d4b\u8bd5\u4e2d\uff0c\u51fd\u6570\u5f0f\u63a5\u53e3\u53ef\u4ee5\u7528\u4e8e\uff1a<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>\u6a21\u62df\u4f9d\u8d56\u9879\uff1a<\/strong>\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528 Mock \u5bf9\u8c61\u521b\u5efa\u51fd\u6570\u5f0f\u63a5\u53e3\u7684\u5b9e\u73b0\uff0c\u6a21\u62df\u5916\u90e8\u4f9d\u8d56\u9879\u7684\u884c\u4e3a\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u9694\u79bb\u6d4b\u8bd5\u7684\u5404\u4e2a\u7ec4\u4ef6\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<pre>@Test\npublic void testServiceWithMockDependency() {\n    Service service = new Service();\n    \/\/ \u521b\u5efa\u4e00\u4e2a Mock \u5bf9\u8c61\u6765\u6a21\u62df\u4f9d\u8d56\u9879\n    MyDependency mockDependency = mock(MyDependency.class);\n    \/\/ \u8bbe\u7f6e mock \u5bf9\u8c61\u7684\u9884\u671f\u884c\u4e3a\n    when(mockDependency.getValue()).thenReturn(\"mocked value\");\n\n    \/\/ \u5c06 mock \u5bf9\u8c61\u6ce8\u5165 service \u4e2d\n    service.setDependency(mockDependency);\n\n    \/\/ \u9a8c\u8bc1 service \u7684\u884c\u4e3a\n    assertEquals(\"mocked value\", service.getResult());\n}<\/pre>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>\u65ad\u8a00 Lambda \u8868\u8fbe\u5f0f\uff1a<\/strong>\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528 Lambda \u8868\u8fbe\u5f0f\u5b9a\u4e49\u81ea\u5b9a\u4e49\u65ad\u8a00\uff0c\u4ee5\u9a8c\u8bc1\u9884\u671f\u7ed3\u679c\u3002\u8fd9\u4f7f\u6211\u4eec\u7684\u6d4b\u8bd5\u4ee3\u7801\u66f4\u5177\u53ef\u8bfb\u6027\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<pre>@Test\npublic void testServiceWithLambdaAssert() {\n    Service service = new Service();\n\n    \/\/ \u4f7f\u7528 Lambda \u8868\u8fbe\u5f0f\u5b9a\u4e49\u81ea\u5b9a\u4e49\u65ad\u8a00\n    Assert.assertThat(service.getResult(), is(equalTo(\"expected value\")));\n}<\/pre>\n<p><strong>\u4ee3\u7801\u91cd\u7528<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>\u5728\u4ee3\u7801\u91cd\u7528\u65b9\u9762\uff0c\u51fd\u6570\u5f0f\u63a5\u53e3\u53ef\u4ee5\u7528\u4e8e\uff1a<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>\u7b56\u7565\u6a21\u5f0f\uff1a<\/strong>\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u521b\u5efa\u51fd\u6570\u5f0f\u63a5\u53e3\u6765\u8868\u793a\u7b56\u7565\uff0c\u5141\u8bb8\u6211\u4eec\u5728\u8fd0\u884c\u65f6\u52a8\u6001\u66f4\u6539\u7b97\u6cd5\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<pre>\/\/ \u5b9a\u4e49\u7b56\u7565\u63a5\u53e3\n@FunctionalInterface\npublic interface MyStrategy {\n    void execute();\n}\n\npublic class Client {\n\n    public void process(MyStrategy strategy) {\n        strategy.execute();\n    }\n}\n\n\/\/ \u4e0d\u540c\u7b56\u7565\u7684\u5b9e\u73b0\nclass StrategyA implements MyStrategy {\n    @Override\n    public void execute() {\n        \/\/ ...\n    }\n}\n\nclass StrategyB implements MyStrategy {\n    @Override\n    public void execute() {\n        \/\/ ...\n    }\n}<\/pre>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>\u56de\u8c03\u51fd\u6570\uff1a<\/strong>\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u51fd\u6570\u5f0f\u63a5\u53e3\u4f5c\u4e3a\u56de\u8c03\u51fd\u6570\uff0c\u5141\u8bb8\u6211\u4eec\u5c06\u4ee3\u7801\u903b\u8f91\u4f20\u9012\u7ed9\u5916\u90e8\u7ec4\u4ef6\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<pre>\/\/ \u5b9a\u4e49\u56de\u8c03\u63a5\u53e3\n@FunctionalInterface\npublic interface MyCallback {\n    void callback(String message);\n}\n\npublic class Client {\n\n    public void process(MyCallback callback) {\n        \/\/ ...\n        callback.callback(\"message\");\n    }\n}\n\n\/\/ \u56de\u8c03\u51fd\u6570\u7684\u5b9e\u73b0\nclass MyCallbackImpl implements MyCallback {\n    @Override\n    public void callback(String message) {\n        \/\/ ...\n    }\n}<\/pre>\n<p>\u901a\u8fc7\u5229\u7528\u51fd\u6570\u5f0f\u63a5\u53e3\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u7f16\u5199\u53ef\u8bfb\u6027\u66f4\u5f3a\u3001\u53ef\u6d4b\u8bd5\u6027\u66f4\u9ad8\u3001\u53ef\u91cd\u7528\u6027\u66f4\u4f73\u7684\u4ee3\u7801\u3002\u5b83\u4e3a Java \u5f00\u53d1\u4eba\u5458\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u5904\u7406\u51fd\u6570\u548c\u7b56\u7565\u7684\u5f3a\u5927\u5de5\u5177\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u4ee5\u4e0a\u5c31\u662f\u672c\u6587\u7684\u5168\u90e8\u5185\u5bb9\u4e86\uff0c\u662f\u5426\u6709\u987a\u5229\u5e2e\u52a9\u4f60\u89e3\u51b3\u95ee\u9898\uff1f\u82e5\u662f\u80fd\u7ed9\u4f60\u5e26\u6765\u5b66\u4e60\u4e0a\u7684\u5e2e\u52a9\uff0c\u8bf7\u5927\u5bb6\u591a\u591a\u652f\u6301\uff01\u66f4\u591a\u5173\u4e8e\u6587\u7ae0\u7684\u76f8\u5173\u77e5\u8bc6\uff0c\u4e5f\u53ef\u5173\u6ce8\u516c\u4f17\u53f7\u3002<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Java\u51fd\u6570\u5f0f\u63a5\u53e3\u5728\u5355\u5143\u6d4b\u8bd5\u548c\u4ee3&#46;&#46;&#46;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[4925],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-203060","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-4925"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/server.hk\/cnblog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/203060","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/server.hk\/cnblog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/server.hk\/cnblog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/server.hk\/cnblog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/server.hk\/cnblog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=203060"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/server.hk\/cnblog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/203060\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/server.hk\/cnblog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=203060"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/server.hk\/cnblog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=203060"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/server.hk\/cnblog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=203060"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}