{"id":202419,"date":"2025-05-13T13:34:09","date_gmt":"2025-05-13T05:34:09","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/server.hk\/cnblog\/202419\/"},"modified":"2025-05-13T13:34:09","modified_gmt":"2025-05-13T05:34:09","slug":"apache-%e8%99%9a%e6%8b%9f%e4%b8%bb%e6%9c%ba%ef%bc%9a%e5%a2%9e%e5%8a%a0%e5%ae%89%e5%85%a8%e6%80%a7","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/server.hk\/cnblog\/202419\/","title":{"rendered":"Apache \u865a\u62df\u4e3b\u673a\uff1a\u589e\u52a0\u5b89\u5168\u6027"},"content":{"rendered":"

<\/b> <\/p>\n

Apache \u865a\u62df\u4e3b\u673a\uff1a\u589e\u52a0\u5b89\u5168\u6027<\/h1>\n

<\/i>\u6536\u85cf<\/span> <\/p>\n

\u6b22\u8fce\u5404\u4f4d\u5c0f\u4f19\u4f34\u6765\u5230\uff0c\u76f8\u805a\u4e8e\u6b64\u90fd\u662f\u7f18\u54c8\u54c8\u54c8\uff01\u4eca\u5929\u6211\u7ed9\u5927\u5bb6\u5e26\u6765\u300aApache \u865a\u62df\u4e3b\u673a\uff1a\u589e\u52a0\u5b89\u5168\u6027\u300b<\/span>\uff0c\u8fd9\u7bc7\u6587\u7ae0\u4e3b\u8981\u8bb2\u5230<\/span>\u7b49\u7b49\u77e5\u8bc6\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u4f60\u5bf9\u6587\u7ae0<\/span>\u76f8\u5173\u7684\u77e5\u8bc6\u975e\u5e38\u611f\u5174\u8da3\u6216\u8005\u6b63\u5728\u81ea\u5b66\uff0c\u90fd\u53ef\u4ee5\u5173\u6ce8\u6211\uff0c\u6211\u4f1a\u6301\u7eed\u66f4\u65b0\u76f8\u5173\u6587\u7ae0\uff01\u5f53\u7136\uff0c\u6709\u4ec0\u4e48\u5efa\u8bae\u4e5f\u6b22\u8fce\u5728\u8bc4\u8bba\u7559\u8a00\u63d0\u51fa\uff01\u4e00\u8d77\u5b66\u4e60\uff01<\/p>\n

<\/p>\n

\u4e3a\u4e86\u5728\u4f7f\u7528 apache \u8bbe\u7f6e\u53cd\u5411\u4ee3\u7406<\/strong>\u65f6\u786e\u4fdd\u5b89\u5168\u6027<\/strong>\uff0c\u60a8\u53ef\u4ee5\u5b9e\u65bd\u591a\u79cd\u6700\u4f73\u5b9e\u8df5\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\u4f7f\u7528 ssl\/tls \u542f\u7528 https<\/strong>\u3001\u8c03\u6574\u5b89\u5168\u6807\u5934\uff0c\u914d\u7f6e\u9632\u706b\u5899<\/strong>\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u4fdd\u62a4\u5bf9\u540e\u7aef\u7684\u8bbf\u95ee\u3002\u4e0b\u9762\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u8be6\u7ec6\u7684\u5b9e\u73b0\uff0c\u4ee5\u786e\u4fdd\u60a8\u6709\u4e00\u4e2a\u66f4\u5b89\u5168\u7684\u73af\u5883\u3002<\/p>\n

\u542f\u7528\u5e26\u6709 ssl\/tls \u7684 https <\/h2>\n

\u4f7f\u7528 https \u5bf9\u4e8e\u4fdd\u62a4\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u548c\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u6570\u636e\u81f3\u5173\u91cd\u8981\u3002\u4e3a\u6b64\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u5c06\u5728 apache \u4e2d\u914d\u7f6e ssl \u8bc1\u4e66\u3002<\/p>\n

1.\u5b89\u88c5 certbot \u548c apache ssl \u6a21\u5757<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u5982\u679c\u60a8\u5c1a\u672a\u5b89\u88c5 ssl \u6a21\u5757\uff0c\u8bf7\u5b89\u88c5\u5b83\u4eec\uff1a<\/p>\n

sudo apt install certbot python3-certbot-apache\nsudo a2enmod ssl\n<\/pre>\n
2.\u83b7\u53d6 ssl \u8bc1\u4e66\uff08let’s encrypt\uff09<\/strong><\/p>\n
\u5982\u679c\u60a8\u7684\u57df\u540d\u5df2\u7ecf\u6307\u5411\u670d\u52a1\u5668\uff0c\u60a8\u53ef\u4ee5\u4ece let’s encrypt with certbot \u83b7\u53d6\u514d\u8d39\u7684 ssl \u8bc1\u4e66\u3002\u8fd0\u884c\u4ee5\u4e0b\u547d\u4ee4\uff1a<\/p>\n
sudo certbot --apache -d php.info\n<\/pre>\n
    \n
  • \n
    \u5982\u679c\u57df\u540d\u662f\u516c\u5171\u57df\u540d\uff0c\u8bf7\u5c06 php.info \u66ff\u6362\u4e3a\u60a8\u7684\u5b9e\u9645\u57df\u540d\u3002<\/p>\n<\/li>\n
  • \n
    certbot \u5c06\u81ea\u52a8\u5728\u60a8\u7684\u865a\u62df\u4e3b\u673a\u4e0a\u914d\u7f6e ssl \u5e76\u5c06 http \u6d41\u91cf\u91cd\u5b9a\u5411\u5230 https\u3002<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
    3.\u9a8c\u8bc1\u5e76\u8c03\u6574\u865a\u62df\u4e3b\u673a ssl<\/strong><\/p>\n
    \u914d\u7f6e\u540e\uff0ccertbot \u5c06\u521b\u5efa\u6216\u4fee\u6539\u865a\u62df\u4e3b\u673a ssl \u914d\u7f6e\u6587\u4ef6\u3002\u68c0\u67e5\u4e00\u5207\u662f\u5426\u6b63\u786e\uff1a<\/p>\n
    sudo your_editor \/etc\/apache2\/sites-available\/php-le-ssl.conf\n<\/pre>\n
    \u5b83\u5e94\u8be5\u770b\u8d77\u6765\u50cf\u8fd9\u6837\uff1a<\/p>\n
    <ifmodule mod_ssl.c>\n    <virtualhost *:443>\n        serveradmin webmaster@localhost\n        servername php.info\n        documentroot \/var\/www\/html\/php\n\n        # reverse proxy configuration for https\n        proxypreservehost on\n        proxypass \/ http:\/\/localhost:8080\/\n        proxypassreverse \/ http:\/\/localhost:8080\/\n\n        <directory \/var\/www\/html\/php\/>\n            allowoverride all\n            require all granted\n        <\/directory>\n\n        errorlog ${apache_log_dir}\/php_error.log\n        customlog ${apache_log_dir}\/php_access.log combined\n\n        sslengine on\n        sslcertificatefile \/etc\/letsencrypt\/live\/php.info\/fullchain.pem\n        sslcertificatekeyfile \/etc\/letsencrypt\/live\/php.info\/privkey.pem\n        include \/etc\/letsencrypt\/options-ssl-apache.conf\n    <\/virtualhost>\n<\/ifmodule>\n<\/pre>\n
     \u5c06 http \u91cd\u5b9a\u5411\u5230 https <\/h2>\n
    \u60a8\u53ef\u4ee5\u786e\u4fdd\u6240\u6709 http \u6d41\u91cf\u90fd\u91cd\u5b9a\u5411\u5230 https\u3002\u5728\u60a8\u7684 http \u865a\u62df\u4e3b\u673a (\/etc\/apache2\/sites-available\/php.conf) \u4e2d\uff0c\u6dfb\u52a0\uff1a<\/p>\n
    <virtualhost *:80>\n    serveradmin webmaster@localhost\n    servername php.info\n    redirect permanent \/ https:\/\/php.info\/\n<\/virtualhost>\n<\/pre>\n
    \u8fd9\u5c06\u786e\u4fdd\u4efb\u4f55 http \u8bf7\u6c42\u90fd\u5c06\u91cd\u5b9a\u5411\u5230\u7f51\u7ad9\u7684\u5b89\u5168 (https) \u7248\u672c\u3002<\/p>\n
     \u5b89\u5168\u6807\u5934 <\/h2>\n
    \u5c06\u4ee5\u4e0b\u5b89\u5168\u6807\u5934\u6dfb\u52a0\u5230\u60a8\u7684 ssl \u865a\u62df\u4e3b\u673a\u914d\u7f6e\u6587\u4ef6\u4e2d\uff0c\u4ee5\u7f13\u89e3\u4e00\u4e9b\u5e38\u89c1\u6f0f\u6d1e\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982 \u70b9\u51fb\u52ab\u6301<\/strong> \u548c \u8de8\u7ad9\u811a\u672c (xss)<\/strong>:<\/p>\n
    <ifmodule mod_headers.c>\n    header always set x-content-type-options \"nosniff\"\n    header always set x-frame-options \"sameorigin\"\n    header always set x-xss-protection \"1; mode=block\"\n    header always set strict-transport-security \"max-age=31536000; includesubdomains\"\n    header always set content-security-policy \"default-src 'self';\"\n<\/ifmodule>\n<\/pre>\n
      \n
    •  x-content-type-options\uff1a\u9632\u6b62\u6d4f\u89c8\u5668\u5c1d\u8bd5\u731c\u6d4b\u5185\u5bb9\u7c7b\u578b\uff0c\u51cf\u8f7b mime \u55c5\u63a2\u653b\u51fb\u3002<\/li>\n
    •  x-frame-options\uff1a\u9632\u6b62\u5728 iframe \u4e2d\u4f7f\u7528\u7f51\u7ad9\uff0c\u9632\u6b62\u70b9\u51fb\u52ab\u6301<\/strong>\u3002<\/li>\n
    •  x-xss-protection\uff1a\u542f\u7528\u6d4f\u89c8\u5668\u4e2d\u9488\u5bf9 xss<\/strong> \u653b\u51fb\u7684\u4fdd\u62a4\u3002<\/li>\n
    •  \u4e25\u683c\u4f20\u8f93\u5b89\u5168\uff1a\u5f3a\u5236\u6d4f\u89c8\u5668\u59cb\u7ec8\u4f7f\u7528 https\u3002<\/li>\n
    •  content-security-policy\uff1a\u5b9a\u4e49\u5185\u5bb9\u52a0\u8f7d\u7b56\u7565\u4ee5\u9632\u6b62xss<\/strong>.<\/li>\n
      \u7b49\u653b\u51fb\n<\/ul>\n
       \u4fdd\u62a4\u540e\u7aef <\/h2>\n
      \u60a8\u5fc5\u987b\u786e\u4fdd\u540e\u7aef\u670d\u52a1\uff08\u4f8b\u5982 php \u670d\u52a1\u5668\u6216\u5176\u4ed6\u670d\u52a1\uff09\u4e0d\u80fd\u88ab\u516c\u4f17\u76f4\u63a5\u8bbf\u95ee\u3002\u8fd9\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u5c06\u5bf9\u540e\u7aef\u7684\u8bbf\u95ee\u9650\u5236\u4e3a\u4ec5\u4ee3\u7406\u6765\u5b8c\u6210\u3002<\/p>\n
      \u914d\u7f6e\u9632\u706b\u5899\uff08ubuntu \u4e0a\u7684 ufw\uff09\uff1a<\/strong><\/p>\n
      \u9996\u5148\uff0c\u4ec5\u5141\u8bb8 http\uff08\u7aef\u53e3 80\uff09\u548c https\uff08\u7aef\u53e3 443\uff09\u6d41\u91cf\u5230\u8fbe\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u3002<\/p>\n
      sudo ufw allow 'apache full'\nsudo ufw enable\n<\/pre>\n
      \u73b0\u5728\uff0c\u963b\u6b62\u4efb\u4f55\u5230\u7aef\u53e3 8080\uff08\u540e\u7aef\uff09\u7684\u76f4\u63a5\u6d41\u91cf\uff0capache \u9664\u5916\uff1a<\/p>\n
      sudo ufw deny 8080\n<\/pre>\n
       \u76d1\u63a7\u548c\u65e5\u5fd7 <\/h2>\n
      \u5bc6\u5207\u5173\u6ce8\u8bbf\u95ee\u548c\u9519\u8bef\u65e5\u200b\u200b\u5fd7\u4ee5\u76d1\u63a7\u53ef\u7591\u884c\u4e3a\uff1a<\/p>\n
        \n
      •  \u8bbf\u95ee\u9519\u8bef\u65e5\u5fd7<\/strong>\uff1a <\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
        tail -f \/var\/log\/apache2\/php_error.log\n<\/pre>\n
          \n
        •  \u8bbf\u95ee\u8bbf\u95ee\u65e5\u5fd7<\/strong>\uff1a <\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
          tail -f \/var\/log\/apache2\/php_access.log\n<\/pre>\n
          \u60a8\u8fd8\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u76d1\u63a7\u5de5\u5177\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982fail2ban<\/strong>\uff0c\u81ea\u52a8\u963b\u6b62\u591a\u6b21\u767b\u5f55\u5931\u8d25\u6216\u5176\u4ed6\u53ef\u7591\u6d3b\u52a8\u7684 ip \u5730\u5740\u3002<\/p>\n
           \u5b9a\u671f\u66f4\u65b0 <\/h2>\n
          \u4f7f\u60a8\u7684\u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf\u3001apache \u548c certbot \u4fdd\u6301\u6700\u65b0\u72b6\u6001\u5bf9\u4e8e\u786e\u4fdd\u60a8\u514d\u53d7\u5df2\u77e5\u6f0f\u6d1e\u7684\u5f71\u54cd\u81f3\u5173\u91cd\u8981\u3002<\/p>\n
          sudo apt update && sudo apt upgrade\n<\/pre>\n
          \u901a\u8fc7\u6267\u884c\u8fd9\u4e9b\u6b65\u9aa4\uff0c\u60a8\u5c06\u62e5\u6709\u4e00\u4e2a\u5b89\u5168\u7684\u53cd\u5411\u4ee3\u7406<\/strong>\u73af\u5883\uff0c\u5177\u6709https<\/strong>\u548c\u9488\u5bf9\u5e38\u89c1\u653b\u51fb\u7684\u57fa\u672c\u4fdd\u62a4\u3002\u8fd9\u4e9b\u8bbe\u7f6e\u6db5\u76d6\u4f20\u8f93\u5b89\u5168 (ssl\/tls)\u3001\u51cf\u8f7b\u901a\u8fc7 http \u6807\u5934\u7684\u653b\u51fb\u4ee5\u53ca\u4fdd\u62a4\u540e\u7aef\u514d\u53d7\u5916\u90e8\u8bbf\u95ee\u3002<\/p>\n
          \u5230\u8fd9\u91cc\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u4e5f\u5c31\u8bb2\u5b8c\u4e86\u300aApache \u865a\u62df\u4e3b\u673a\uff1a\u589e\u52a0\u5b89\u5168\u6027\u300b\u7684\u5185\u5bb9\u4e86\u3002\u4e2a\u4eba\u8ba4\u4e3a\uff0c\u57fa\u7840\u77e5\u8bc6\u7684\u5b66\u4e60\u548c\u5de9\u56fa\uff0c\u662f\u4e3a\u4e86\u66f4\u597d\u7684\u5c06\u5176\u8fd0\u7528\u5230\u9879\u76ee\u4e2d\uff0c\u6b22\u8fce\u5173\u6ce8\u516c\u4f17\u53f7\uff0c\u5e26\u4f60\u4e86\u89e3\u66f4\u591a\u5173\u4e8e\u7684\u77e5\u8bc6\u70b9\uff01<\/p>\n
           \u7248\u672c\u58f0\u660e \u672c\u6587\u8f6c\u8f7d\u4e8e\uff1adev.to \u5982\u6709\u4fb5\u72af\uff0c\u8bf7\u8054\u7cfb \u5220\u9664<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
          Apache \u865a\u62df\u4e3b\u673a\uff1a\u589e\u52a0\u5b89\u5168...<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[4925],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-202419","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-4925"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/server.hk\/cnblog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/202419","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/server.hk\/cnblog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/server.hk\/cnblog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/server.hk\/cnblog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/server.hk\/cnblog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=202419"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/server.hk\/cnblog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/202419\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/server.hk\/cnblog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=202419"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/server.hk\/cnblog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=202419"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/server.hk\/cnblog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=202419"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}