{"id":198975,"date":"2025-04-28T22:40:58","date_gmt":"2025-04-28T14:40:58","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/server.hk\/cnblog\/?p=198975"},"modified":"2025-04-28T22:43:08","modified_gmt":"2025-04-28T14:43:08","slug":"linux%e7%8e%af%e5%a2%83%e4%b8%8btcp-%e7%bd%91%e7%bb%9c%e7%bc%96%e7%a8%8b%ef%bc%9atcp-%e6%9c%8d%e5%8a%a1%e7%ab%af%e5%ae%9e%e7%8e%b0","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/server.hk\/cnblog\/198975\/","title":{"rendered":"Linux\u73af\u5883\u4e0bTCP \u7f51\u7edc\u7f16\u7a0b\uff1aTCP \u670d\u52a1\u7aef\u5b9e\u73b0"},"content":{"rendered":"<h2>TCP \u7f51\u7edc\u7f16\u7a0b\uff1aTCP \u670d\u52a1\u7aef\u5b9e\u73b0<\/h2>\n<p>\u5728\u672c\u7bc7\u6587\u7ae0\u4e2d\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u5c06\u6df1\u5165\u63a2\u8ba8\u5982\u4f55\u4f7f\u7528 C++ \u7f16\u5199\u4e00\u4e2a\u57fa\u672c\u7684 TCP \u670d\u52a1\u7aef\u7a0b\u5e8f\u3002\u5177\u4f53\u5185\u5bb9\u6db5\u76d6\u4e86\u5982\u4f55\u521b\u5efa\u5957\u63a5\u5b57\u3001\u7ed1\u5b9a\u5730\u5740\u3001\u76d1\u542c\u7aef\u53e3\u4ee5\u53ca\u5982\u4f55\u63a5\u6536\u548c\u5904\u7406\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u8fde\u63a5\u8bf7\u6c42\u3002\u6b64\u5916\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u8fd8\u5c06\u8ba8\u8bba\u5982\u4f55\u4f18\u5316\u6027\u80fd\uff0c\u652f\u6301\u591a\u8fdb\u7a0b\u548c\u591a\u7ebf\u7a0b\u6a21\u5f0f\uff0c\u4ee5\u63d0\u5347\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u7684\u5e76\u53d1\u80fd\u529b\u3002<\/p>\n<h3>1. \u521b\u5efa TCP \u670d\u52a1\u7aef<\/h3>\n<h4>1.1 \u670d\u52a1\u7aef\u57fa\u7840\u914d\u7f6e<\/h4>\n<p>\u670d\u52a1\u7aef\u7a0b\u5e8f\u7684\u57fa\u672c\u7ed3\u6784\u5305\u62ec\u4ee5\u4e0b\u51e0\u4e2a\u6838\u5fc3\u6210\u5458\u53d8\u91cf\uff1a<\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"language-cpp\">int _listensock;   \/\/ \u76d1\u542c\u7684\u6587\u4ef6\u63cf\u8ff0\u7b26\r\nstring _ip;        \/\/ \u670d\u52a1\u7aef IP \u5730\u5740\r\nuint16_t _port;    \/\/ \u670d\u52a1\u7aef\u7aef\u53e3\u53f7\r\nbool _isrunning;   \/\/ \u670d\u52a1\u7aef\u662f\u5426\u5728\u8fd0\u884c\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<h4>1.2 \u521d\u59cb\u5316\u670d\u52a1\u5668<\/h4>\n<p>\u5728\u521b\u5efa\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u65f6\uff0c\u4e3b\u8981\u6b65\u9aa4\u5305\u62ec\u521b\u5efa\u5957\u63a5\u5b57\u3001\u7ed1\u5b9a\u5730\u5740\u548c\u76d1\u542c\u7aef\u53e3\u3002\u4e0b\u9762\u6211\u4eec\u8be6\u7ec6\u4ecb\u7ecd\u8fd9\u4e9b\u6b65\u9aa4\u3002<\/p>\n<h5>1.2.1 \u521b\u5efa\u5957\u63a5\u5b57<\/h5>\n<p>\u901a\u8fc7 <code>socket()<\/code> \u51fd\u6570\u521b\u5efa\u5957\u63a5\u5b57\uff0c\u5177\u4f53\u4ee3\u7801\u5982\u4e0b\uff1a<\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"language-cpp\">_listensock = socket(AF_INET, SOCK_STREAM, 0);\r\nif (_listensock &lt; 0) {\r\n    lg(Fatal, \"create socket failed, errno: %d, errstring: %s\", errno, strerror(errno));\r\n    exit(SocketError);\r\n}\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<ul>\n<li><code>AF_INET<\/code>\uff1a\u6307\u5b9a\u534f\u8bae\u65cf\uff08IPv4\uff09\u3002<\/li>\n<li><code>SOCK_STREAM<\/code>\uff1a\u6307\u5b9a\u4f20\u8f93\u7c7b\u578b\u4e3a TCP \u6d41\u3002<\/li>\n<li>\u8fd4\u56de\u503c\u4e3a\u521b\u5efa\u7684\u5957\u63a5\u5b57\u6587\u4ef6\u63cf\u8ff0\u7b26\uff0c\u82e5\u5931\u8d25\u8fd4\u56de -1\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h5>1.2.2 \u7ed1\u5b9a\u5730\u5740<\/h5>\n<p>\u8c03\u7528 <code>bind()<\/code> \u51fd\u6570\u5c06\u5957\u63a5\u5b57\u4e0e\u6307\u5b9a\u7684 IP \u5730\u5740\u548c\u7aef\u53e3\u53f7\u7ed1\u5b9a\uff0c\u4ee3\u7801\u5982\u4e0b\uff1a<\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"language-cpp\">struct sockaddr_in local;\r\nbzero(&amp;local, sizeof(local)); \/\/ \u6e05\u7a7a\u7ed3\u6784\u4f53\r\nlocal.sin_family = AF_INET;\r\nlocal.sin_port = htons(_port); \/\/ \u7aef\u53e3\u53f7\u8f6c\u4e3a\u7f51\u7edc\u5b57\u8282\u5e8f\r\ninet_aton(_ip.c_str(), &amp;local.sin_addr); \/\/ \u8f6c\u6362 IP \u5730\u5740\r\n\r\nif (bind(_listensock, (struct sockaddr *)&amp;local, sizeof(local)) &lt; 0) {\r\n    lg(Fatal, \"bind failed, errno: %d, errstring: %s\", errno, strerror(errno));\r\n    exit(BindError);\r\n}\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<ul>\n<li>\u7ed3\u6784\u4f53 <code>sockaddr_in<\/code> \u7528\u4e8e\u6307\u5b9a\u7ed1\u5b9a\u7684\u5730\u5740\u4fe1\u606f\u3002<\/li>\n<li><code>htons()<\/code> \u51fd\u6570\u7528\u4e8e\u5c06\u7aef\u53e3\u53f7\u4ece\u4e3b\u673a\u5b57\u8282\u5e8f\u8f6c\u6362\u4e3a\u7f51\u7edc\u5b57\u8282\u5e8f\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h5>1.2.3 \u5f00\u59cb\u76d1\u542c<\/h5>\n<p>\u901a\u8fc7 <code>listen()<\/code> \u51fd\u6570\u5c06\u5957\u63a5\u5b57\u7f6e\u4e8e\u76d1\u542c\u72b6\u6001\uff0c\u7b49\u5f85\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u7684\u8fde\u63a5\u8bf7\u6c42\uff1a<\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"language-cpp\">if (listen(_listensock, backlog) &lt; 0) {\r\n    lg(Fatal, \"listen failed, errno: %d, errstring: %s\", errno, strerror(errno));\r\n}\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<ul>\n<li><code>backlog<\/code>\uff1a\u5b9a\u4e49\u76d1\u542c\u961f\u5217\u7684\u6700\u5927\u957f\u5ea6\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3>2. \u8fd0\u884c TCP \u670d\u52a1\u7aef<\/h3>\n<h4>2.1 \u63a5\u53d7\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u8fde\u63a5\u8bf7\u6c42<\/h4>\n<p>\u5f53\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u5411\u670d\u52a1\u7aef\u53d1\u8d77\u8fde\u63a5\u65f6\uff0c\u670d\u52a1\u7aef\u9700\u8981\u901a\u8fc7 <code>accept()<\/code> \u51fd\u6570\u63a5\u53d7\u8fde\u63a5\uff0c\u5e76\u8fd4\u56de\u4e00\u4e2a\u65b0\u7684\u5957\u63a5\u5b57\uff0c\u7528\u4e8e\u540e\u7eed\u4e0e\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u7684\u901a\u4fe1\u3002<\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"language-cpp\">int client_sockfd = accept(_listensock, (struct sockaddr *)&amp;client_addr, &amp;client_len);\r\nif (client_sockfd &lt; 0) {\r\n    lg(Fatal, \"accept failed, errno: %d, errstring: %s\", errno, strerror(errno));\r\n}\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<ul>\n<li><code>client_sockfd<\/code>\uff1a\u8fd4\u56de\u7684\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u8fde\u63a5\u5957\u63a5\u5b57\u3002<\/li>\n<li><code>client_addr<\/code>\uff1a\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u7684\u5730\u5740\u4fe1\u606f\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h4>2.2 \u591a\u8fdb\u7a0b\u5904\u7406\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u8bf7\u6c42<\/h4>\n<p>\u4e3a\u4e86\u63d0\u9ad8\u5e76\u53d1\u5904\u7406\u80fd\u529b\uff0c\u670d\u52a1\u7aef\u53ef\u4ee5\u91c7\u7528\u591a\u8fdb\u7a0b\u6a21\u578b\u3002\u901a\u8fc7 <code>fork()<\/code> \u521b\u5efa\u5b50\u8fdb\u7a0b\u6765\u5904\u7406\u6bcf\u4e2a\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u7684\u8bf7\u6c42\u3002\u7236\u8fdb\u7a0b\u7ee7\u7eed\u76d1\u542c\u65b0\u8fde\u63a5\uff0c\u5b50\u8fdb\u7a0b\u8d1f\u8d23\u4e0e\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u7684\u4ea4\u4e92\u3002<\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"language-cpp\">pid_t pid = fork();\r\nif (pid == 0) {\r\n    close(_listensock);  \/\/ \u5b50\u8fdb\u7a0b\u5173\u95ed\u76d1\u542c\u5957\u63a5\u5b57\r\n    handle_client(client_sockfd);\r\n    exit(0);\r\n}\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<ul>\n<li><code>fork()<\/code> \u8fd4\u56de\u503c\uff1a\u5b50\u8fdb\u7a0b\u8fd4\u56de 0\uff0c\u7236\u8fdb\u7a0b\u8fd4\u56de\u5b50\u8fdb\u7a0b\u7684 PID\u3002<\/li>\n<li><code>handle_client()<\/code>\uff1a\u5904\u7406\u4e0e\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u7684\u4ea4\u4e92\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h4>2.3 \u591a\u7ebf\u7a0b\u5904\u7406\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u8bf7\u6c42<\/h4>\n<p>\u4e0e\u591a\u8fdb\u7a0b\u76f8\u6bd4\uff0c\u591a\u7ebf\u7a0b\u6a21\u578b\u66f4\u52a0\u8f7b\u91cf\u7ea7\u3002\u5728\u591a\u7ebf\u7a0b\u6a21\u5f0f\u4e0b\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u4e3a\u6bcf\u4e2a\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u8bf7\u6c42\u521b\u5efa\u4e00\u4e2a\u72ec\u7acb\u7ebf\u7a0b\u8fdb\u884c\u5904\u7406\u3002<\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"language-cpp\">pthread_t thread_id;\r\npthread_create(&amp;thread_id, NULL, handle_client, (void *)&amp;client_sockfd);\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<ul>\n<li><code>pthread_create()<\/code>\uff1a\u521b\u5efa\u4e00\u4e2a\u65b0\u7684\u7ebf\u7a0b\u6765\u5904\u7406\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u8bf7\u6c42\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3>3. \u6027\u80fd\u4f18\u5316\uff1a\u7ebf\u7a0b\u6c60<\/h3>\n<p>\u4e3a\u4e86\u907f\u514d\u9891\u7e41\u521b\u5efa\u548c\u9500\u6bc1\u7ebf\u7a0b\u7684\u5f00\u9500\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u7ebf\u7a0b\u6c60\u6765\u7ba1\u7406\u591a\u4e2a\u7ebf\u7a0b\uff0c\u63d0\u5347\u6027\u80fd\u3002\u7ebf\u7a0b\u6c60\u901a\u8fc7\u9884\u5148\u521b\u5efa\u4e00\u5b9a\u6570\u91cf\u7684\u7ebf\u7a0b\u6765\u5904\u7406\u4efb\u52a1\uff0c\u907f\u514d\u4e86\u7ebf\u7a0b\u9891\u7e41\u521b\u5efa\u548c\u9500\u6bc1\u7684\u95ee\u9898\u3002<\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"language-cpp\">ThreadPool&lt;Task&gt; *tp = ThreadPool&lt;Task&gt;::GetInstance();\r\ntp-&gt;Push(task);\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<ul>\n<li><code>ThreadPool<\/code>\uff1a\u7ba1\u7406\u5de5\u4f5c\u7ebf\u7a0b\u3002<\/li>\n<li><code>Push()<\/code>\uff1a\u5c06\u4efb\u52a1\u6dfb\u52a0\u5230\u7ebf\u7a0b\u6c60\u7684\u4efb\u52a1\u961f\u5217\u4e2d\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3>4. \u5904\u7406\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u9000\u51fa<\/h3>\n<p>\u5728\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u4e0e\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u4ea4\u4e92\u65f6\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u63d0\u524d\u9000\u51fa\uff0c\u670d\u52a1\u7aef\u5199\u5165\u65f6\u53ef\u80fd\u4f1a\u9047\u5230\u95ee\u9898\u3002\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u5904\u7406 <code>SIGPIPE<\/code> \u4fe1\u53f7\u6765\u907f\u514d\u670d\u52a1\u7aef\u5d29\u6e83\u3002<\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"language-cpp\">signal(SIGPIPE, SIG_IGN);\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<ul>\n<li><code>SIGPIPE<\/code>\uff1a\u5f53\u5199\u5165\u5173\u95ed\u7684 socket \u65f6\uff0c\u7cfb\u7edf\u4f1a\u53d1\u9001 <code>SIGPIPE<\/code> \u4fe1\u53f7\uff0c\u9ed8\u8ba4\u4f1a\u7ec8\u6b62\u8fdb\u7a0b\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3>5. \u7ed3\u8bba<\/h3>\n<p>\u901a\u8fc7\u4ee5\u4e0a\u6b65\u9aa4\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u5b9e\u73b0\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a\u7b80\u5355\u800c\u9ad8\u6548\u7684 TCP \u670d\u52a1\u7aef\u7a0b\u5e8f\u3002\u6839\u636e\u5b9e\u9645\u9700\u6c42\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u9009\u62e9\u591a\u8fdb\u7a0b\u3001\u591a\u7ebf\u7a0b\u6216\u7ebf\u7a0b\u6c60\u6a21\u578b\u6765\u63d0\u5347\u5e76\u53d1\u6027\u80fd\u3002\u540c\u65f6\uff0c\u5408\u7406\u5904\u7406\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u9000\u51fa\u7b49\u5f02\u5e38\u60c5\u51b5\uff0c\u786e\u4fdd\u670d\u52a1\u7aef\u7684\u7a33\u5b9a\u8fd0\u884c\u3002\u5982\u679c\u4f60\u6b63\u5728\u5bfb\u627e\u9ad8\u6548\u7a33\u5b9a\u7684\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u89e3\u51b3\u65b9\u6848\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u8003\u8651\u9009\u62e9<strong>\u9999\u6e2f\u670d\u52a1\u5668<\/strong>\uff0c\u5982\u9999\u6e2fVPS\u3001\u9999\u6e2f\u4e91\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u6216\u9999\u6e2f\u72ec\u7acb\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u7b49\uff0c\u8bbf\u95ee\u670d\u52a1\u5668<a href=\"https:\/\/server.hk\/\">\u5b98\u7f51<\/a>\u83b7\u53d6\u66f4\u591a\u4fe1\u606f\u548c\u4f18\u60e0\u3002<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>TCP \u7f51\u7edc\u7f16\u7a0b\uff1aTCP \u670d\u52a1\u7aef&#46;&#46;&#46;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[4924],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-198975","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-setup-tutorials"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/server.hk\/cnblog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/198975","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/server.hk\/cnblog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/server.hk\/cnblog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/server.hk\/cnblog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/server.hk\/cnblog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=198975"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/server.hk\/cnblog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/198975\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/server.hk\/cnblog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=198975"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/server.hk\/cnblog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=198975"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/server.hk\/cnblog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=198975"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}