{"id":198960,"date":"2025-04-27T15:36:30","date_gmt":"2025-04-27T07:36:30","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/server.hk\/cnblog\/?p=198960"},"modified":"2025-04-27T15:36:30","modified_gmt":"2025-04-27T07:36:30","slug":"%e6%b7%b1%e5%ba%a6%e4%bc%98%e5%8c%96-sql-server-merge-into-%e8%af%ad%e5%8f%a5%e6%8c%87%e5%8d%97","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/server.hk\/cnblog\/198960\/","title":{"rendered":"\u6df1\u5ea6\u4f18\u5316 SQL Server MERGE INTO \u8bed\u53e5\u6307\u5357"},"content":{"rendered":"<h2>\u5f15\u8a00<\/h2>\n<p>\u5728SQL Server\u5f00\u53d1\u4e2d\uff0c<strong>MERGE INTO<\/strong>\u8bed\u53e5\u662f\u4e00\u628a\u53cc\u5203\u5251\u3002\u5b83\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728\u4e00\u4e2a\u64cd\u4f5c\u4e2d\u5b8c\u6210\u6570\u636e\u7684\u63d2\u5165\u3001\u66f4\u65b0\u4e0e\u5220\u9664\uff0c\u6781\u5927\u63d0\u5347\u5f00\u53d1\u6548\u7387\uff0c\u4f46\u82e5\u672a\u5408\u7406\u4f7f\u7528\uff0c\u4e5f\u53ef\u80fd\u5f15\u53d1\u6027\u80fd\u74f6\u9888\u3002\u672c\u6587\u5c06\u7cfb\u7edf\u8bb2\u89e3\u5982\u4f55\u4f18\u5316MERGE INTO\u7684\u6267\u884c\u6548\u7387\uff0c\u5305\u62ec\u7d22\u5f15\u4f18\u5316\u3001\u6279\u5904\u7406\u3001\u4e8b\u52a1\u63a7\u5236\u7b49\u5b9e\u7528\u6280\u5de7\uff0c\u5e76\u63d0\u4f9b\u8be6\u7ec6\u793a\u4f8b\uff0c\u52a9\u529b\u6280\u672f\u4eba\u5458\u5728\u6784\u5efa\u9ad8\u6548\u7cfb\u7edf\u65f6\u6e38\u5203\u6709\u4f59\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u5982\u679c\u60a8\u5728\u90e8\u7f72\u9ad8\u6027\u80fd\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u7cfb\u7edf\u65f6\u9700\u8981\u7a33\u5b9a\u53ef\u9760\u7684\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u73af\u5883\uff0c\u63a8\u8350\u9009\u62e9 <a href=\"https:\/\/server.hk\/\">\u9999\u6e2f\u670d\u52a1\u5668<\/a>\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u63d0\u4f9b\u9ad8\u901f\u8fde\u63a5\u7684<strong>\u9999\u6e2fVPS<\/strong>\u3001<strong>\u9999\u6e2f\u4e91\u670d\u52a1\u5668<\/strong>\u4e0e<strong>\u9999\u6e2f\u72ec\u7acb\u670d\u52a1\u5668<\/strong>\u65b9\u6848\uff0c\u52a9\u60a8\u8f7b\u677e\u5e94\u5bf9\u5404\u7c7b\u5e94\u7528\u6311\u6218\uff01<\/p>\n<hr \/>\n<h2>1. MERGE INTO \u57fa\u672c\u8bed\u6cd5\u56de\u987e<\/h2>\n<p>\u6807\u51c6\u7684MERGE INTO\u8bed\u6cd5\u5982\u4e0b\uff1a<\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"language-sql\">MERGE INTO TargetTable AS target\r\nUSING SourceTable AS source\r\nON target.KeyColumn = source.KeyColumn\r\nWHEN MATCHED THEN\r\n    UPDATE SET target.Column1 = source.Column1,\r\n               target.Column2 = source.Column2\r\nWHEN NOT MATCHED BY TARGET THEN\r\n    INSERT (Column1, Column2)\r\n    VALUES (source.Column1, source.Column2)\r\nWHEN NOT MATCHED BY SOURCE THEN\r\n    DELETE;\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\u7406\u89e3\u57fa\u672c\u7ed3\u6784\uff0c\u662f\u4f18\u5316\u7684\u7b2c\u4e00\u6b65\u3002<\/p>\n<hr \/>\n<h2>2. \u7d22\u5f15\u4f18\u5316\uff1a\u52a0\u901f\u5339\u914d\u4e0e\u68c0\u7d22<\/h2>\n<h3>2.1 \u521b\u5efa\u8986\u76d6\u7d22\u5f15<\/h3>\n<p>\u8986\u76d6\u7d22\u5f15\u80fd\u663e\u8457\u63d0\u5347\u67e5\u8be2\u6027\u80fd\uff0c\u907f\u514d\u56de\u8868\uff1a<\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"language-sql\">CREATE INDEX idx_TargetTable_Covering\r\nON TargetTable (KeyColumn)\r\nINCLUDE (Column1, Column2);\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<h3>2.2 \u4f7f\u7528\u552f\u4e00\u7d22\u5f15<\/h3>\n<p>\u786e\u4fdd<code>KeyColumn<\/code>\u552f\u4e00\u65f6\uff0c\u5e94\u521b\u5efa\u552f\u4e00\u7d22\u5f15\uff1a<\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"language-sql\">CREATE UNIQUE INDEX idx_TargetTable_Unique\r\nON TargetTable (KeyColumn);\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\u5408\u7406\u7d22\u5f15\u662f\u6784\u5efa\u9ad8\u6548\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u7684\u57fa\u7840\uff0c\u540c\u65f6\u5728\u90e8\u7f72\u5927\u578b\u7cfb\u7edf\u65f6\uff0c\u9009\u62e9\u7a33\u5b9a\u7684\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u5c24\u4e3a\u91cd\u8981\u3002\u65e0\u8bba\u662f\u8de8\u5883\u7535\u5546\u3001\u91d1\u878d\u7cfb\u7edf\u8fd8\u662f\u5927\u578bERP\uff0c<strong>\u9999\u6e2f\u4e91\u670d\u52a1\u5668<\/strong>\u90fd\u662f\u4f18\u8d28\u9009\u62e9\u3002<\/p>\n<hr \/>\n<h2>3. \u6279\u5904\u7406\u7b56\u7565\uff1a\u907f\u514d\u5355\u6b21\u5927\u4e8b\u52a1<\/h2>\n<p>\u9762\u5bf9\u6d77\u91cf\u6570\u636e\u65f6\uff0c\u63a8\u8350\u5206\u6279\u6267\u884c\uff1a<\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"language-sql\">DECLARE @BatchSize INT = 1000;\r\nDECLARE @RowCount INT = 1;\r\n\r\nWHILE @RowCount &gt; 0\r\nBEGIN\r\n    MERGE INTO TargetTable AS target\r\n    USING (\r\n        SELECT TOP (@BatchSize) KeyColumn, Column1, Column2\r\n        FROM SourceTable\r\n    ) AS source\r\n    ON target.KeyColumn = source.KeyColumn\r\n    WHEN MATCHED THEN\r\n        UPDATE SET target.Column1 = source.Column1,\r\n                   target.Column2 = source.Column2\r\n    WHEN NOT MATCHED BY TARGET THEN\r\n        INSERT (Column1, Column2)\r\n        VALUES (source.Column1, source.Column2)\r\n    WHEN NOT MATCHED BY SOURCE THEN\r\n        DELETE;\r\n\r\n    SET @RowCount = @@ROWCOUNT;\r\n    WAITFOR DELAY '00:00:01';\r\nEND\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\u901a\u8fc7\u5206\u6279\u5904\u7406\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u6709\u6548\u51cf\u5c11\u9501\u7ade\u4e89\uff0c\u63d0\u9ad8\u7cfb\u7edf\u6574\u4f53\u54cd\u5e94\u901f\u5ea6\u3002<\/p>\n<hr \/>\n<h2>4. \u4e8b\u52a1\u7ba1\u7406\uff1a\u4fdd\u969c\u6570\u636e\u4e00\u81f4\u6027<\/h2>\n<p>\u5c06MERGE INTO\u64cd\u4f5c\u7f6e\u4e8e\u4e8b\u52a1\u63a7\u5236\u4e2d\uff0c\u53ef\u786e\u4fdd\u6570\u636e\u5b8c\u6574\uff1a<\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"language-sql\">BEGIN TRANSACTION;\r\nBEGIN TRY\r\n    -- MERGE\u64cd\u4f5c\r\n    COMMIT TRANSACTION;\r\nEND TRY\r\nBEGIN CATCH\r\n    ROLLBACK TRANSACTION;\r\n    -- \u9519\u8bef\u5904\u7406\r\nEND CATCH\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\u9ad8\u6548\u7684\u4e8b\u52a1\u7ba1\u7406\u79bb\u4e0d\u5f00\u7a33\u5b9a\u7684\u7f51\u7edc\u4e0e\u786c\u4ef6\u73af\u5883\uff0c\u63a8\u8350\u642d\u914d\u4f7f\u7528<strong>\u9999\u6e2f\u72ec\u7acb\u670d\u52a1\u5668<\/strong>\uff0c\u4f53\u9a8c\u9ad8\u901f\u7a33\u5b9a\u7684\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u64cd\u4f5c\uff01<\/p>\n<hr \/>\n<h2>5. \u964d\u4f4e\u9501\u7ade\u4e89\u6280\u5de7<\/h2>\n<ul>\n<li>\u4f7f\u7528<code>READ UNCOMMITTED<\/code>\u9694\u79bb\u7ea7\u522b\uff08\u6ce8\u610f\u810f\u8bfb\u98ce\u9669\uff09<\/li>\n<li>\u4f7f\u7528<code>SNAPSHOT<\/code>\u9694\u79bb\u7ea7\u522b\uff08\u907f\u514d\u810f\u8bfb\u4e14\u964d\u4f4e\u9501\u4e89\u7528\uff09<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\u6839\u636e\u4e1a\u52a1\u9700\u6c42\u7075\u6d3b\u9009\u62e9\uff0c\u80fd\u663e\u8457\u4f18\u5316MERGE INTO\u7684\u6267\u884c\u6548\u7387\u3002<\/p>\n<hr \/>\n<h2>6. \u6027\u80fd\u76d1\u63a7\u4e0e\u8c03\u4f18<\/h2>\n<p>\u901a\u8fc7SQL Server\u7684DMV\u4e0e\u6269\u5c55\u4e8b\u4ef6\u53ef\u4ee5\u5b9e\u65f6\u76d1\u63a7\u9501\u4fe1\u606f\u4e0e\u6027\u80fd\u6570\u636e\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\uff1a<\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"language-sql\">SELECT request_session_id, resource_type, request_mode\r\nFROM sys.dm_tran_locks\r\nWHERE resource_database_id = DB_ID();\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\u521b\u5efa\u6269\u5c55\u4e8b\u4ef6\u4f1a\u8bdd\u8ddf\u8e2aMERGE\u8bed\u53e5\u6267\u884c\u60c5\u51b5\u4e5f\u662f\u4e0d\u9519\u7684\u5b9e\u8df5\u3002<\/p>\n<hr \/>\n<h2>7. \u66f4\u591a\u5b9e\u6218\u4f18\u5316\u6280\u5de7<\/h2>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>\u907f\u514d\u65e0\u5fc5\u8981\u7684\u5220\u9664<\/strong>\uff1a\u5982\u679c\u6570\u636e\u540c\u6b65\u4e2d\u65e0\u9700\u5220\u9664\uff0c\u4e0d\u8981\u52a0<code>WHEN NOT MATCHED BY SOURCE THEN DELETE<\/code>\u3002<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u4f7f\u7528\u4e34\u65f6\u8868<\/strong>\uff1a\u63d0\u5347\u6e90\u6570\u636e\u5904\u7406\u6027\u80fd\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\u793a\u4f8b\uff1a<\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"language-sql\">SELECT * INTO #TempSource FROM SourceTable;\r\n\r\nMERGE INTO TargetTable AS target\r\nUSING #TempSource AS source\r\nON target.KeyColumn = source.KeyColumn\r\nWHEN MATCHED THEN\r\n    UPDATE SET target.Column1 = source.Column1,\r\n               target.Column2 = source.Column2\r\nWHEN NOT MATCHED BY TARGET THEN\r\n    INSERT (Column1, Column2)\r\n    VALUES (source.Column1, source.Column2);\r\n\r\nDROP TABLE #TempSource;\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<hr \/>\n<h2>\u7ed3\u8bed<\/h2>\n<p>\u638c\u63e1\u5e76\u5408\u7406\u4f18\u5316MERGE INTO\u8bed\u53e5\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u8ba9\u60a8\u7684\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u7cfb\u7edf\u6027\u80fd\u8d28\u7684\u98de\u8dc3\u3002\u800c\u62e5\u6709\u4e00\u53f0\u7a33\u5b9a\u9ad8\u901f\u7684\u670d\u52a1\u5668\uff0c\u66f4\u662f\u4e1a\u52a1\u6210\u529f\u4e0d\u53ef\u6216\u7f3a\u7684\u5173\u952e\u3002<br \/>\n\u73b0\u5728\u5c31\u8bbf\u95ee\u6211\u4eec<a href=\"https:\/\/server.hk\/\">\u5b98\u7f51<\/a>\uff0c\u9009\u62e9\u9002\u5408\u60a8\u7684<strong>\u9999\u6e2fVPS<\/strong>\u3001<strong>\u9999\u6e2f\u4e91\u670d\u52a1\u5668<\/strong>\u6216<strong>\u9999\u6e2f\u72ec\u7acb\u670d\u52a1\u5668<\/strong>\u65b9\u6848\uff0c\u8ba9\u5e94\u7528\u66f4\u5feb\u4e00\u6b65\uff01<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u5f15\u8a00 \u5728SQL Server\u5f00\u53d1&#46;&#46;&#46;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[101],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-198960","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-database"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/server.hk\/cnblog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/198960","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/server.hk\/cnblog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/server.hk\/cnblog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/server.hk\/cnblog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/server.hk\/cnblog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=198960"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/server.hk\/cnblog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/198960\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/server.hk\/cnblog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=198960"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/server.hk\/cnblog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=198960"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/server.hk\/cnblog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=198960"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}