{"id":198873,"date":"2025-04-10T15:33:31","date_gmt":"2025-04-10T07:33:31","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/server.hk\/cnblog\/?p=198873"},"modified":"2025-04-23T17:31:32","modified_gmt":"2025-04-23T09:31:32","slug":"nginx%e5%a2%9e%e5%8a%a0%e6%a8%a1%e5%9d%97","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/server.hk\/cnblog\/198873\/","title":{"rendered":"Nginx \u6027\u80fd\u8c03\u4f18\u5b9e\u6218\u6307\u5357\uff1a\u6253\u9020\u9ad8\u6548\u7684\u9999\u6e2f\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u73af\u5883"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>\u5728\u642d\u5efa\u548c\u8fd0\u8425\u9ad8\u6027\u80fd\u7f51\u7ad9\u6216\u5e94\u7528\u65f6\uff0cNginx \u65e0\u7591\u662f\u6700\u53d7\u6b22\u8fce\u7684 Web \u670d\u52a1\u5f15\u64ce\u4e4b\u4e00\u3002\u7279\u522b\u662f\u5728\u4f7f\u7528<strong>\u9999\u6e2f VPS<\/strong>\u3001<strong>\u9999\u6e2f\u4e91\u670d\u52a1\u5668<\/strong>\u6216<strong>\u9999\u6e2f\u72ec\u7acb\u670d\u52a1\u5668<\/strong>\u65f6\uff0c\u5408\u7406\u914d\u7f6e Nginx \u80fd\u6709\u6548\u91ca\u653e\u786c\u4ef6\u6f5c\u529b\u3001\u63d0\u5347\u54cd\u5e94\u901f\u5ea6\u4e0e\u5e76\u53d1\u6027\u80fd\u3002\u672c\u6587\u5c06\u7ed3\u5408\u5b9e\u6218\u7ecf\u9a8c\uff0c\u6df1\u5165\u89e3\u6790 Nginx \u7684\u6027\u80fd\u4f18\u5316\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u52a9\u529b\u60a8\u6784\u5efa\u7a33\u5b9a\u9ad8\u6548\u7684\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u73af\u5883\u3002<\/p>\n<hr \/>\n<h2>\u4e00\u3001Nginx \u6838\u5fc3\u914d\u7f6e\u4f18\u5316<\/h2>\n<h3>1. worker_processes \u2014\u2014 \u5408\u7406\u5206\u914d\u5de5\u4f5c\u8fdb\u7a0b<\/h3>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>\u914d\u7f6e\u5efa\u8bae<\/strong>\uff1a\n<ul>\n<li><code>worker_processes auto;<\/code> \u81ea\u52a8\u5339\u914d CPU \u6838\u5fc3\u6570\uff0c\u63a8\u8350\u9ed8\u8ba4\u8bbe\u7f6e\u3002<\/li>\n<li>CPU \u5bc6\u96c6\u578b\u573a\u666f\u53ef\u8bbe\u7f6e\u4e3a <code>worker_processes = \u6838\u5fc3\u6570<\/code>\u3002<\/li>\n<li>I\/O \u5bc6\u96c6\u578b\u573a\u666f\u53ef\u8bbe\u7f6e\u4e3a\u6838\u5fc3\u6570\u7684 1.5 \u81f3 2 \u500d\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<pre><code class=\"language-nginx\">worker_processes auto;  # \u81ea\u52a8\u68c0\u6d4b CPU \u6838\u5fc3\u6570\uff08\u63a8\u8350\uff09\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<h3>2. worker_connections \u2014\u2014 \u63d0\u5347\u5e76\u53d1\u5904\u7406\u80fd\u529b<\/h3>\n<ul>\n<li>\u6700\u5927\u5e76\u53d1\u8fde\u63a5\u6570 = <code>worker_processes * worker_connections<\/code><\/li>\n<li>\u63a8\u8350\u5f00\u542f\uff1a<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<pre><code class=\"language-nginx\">events {\r\n  worker_connections 10240;\r\n  use epoll;\r\n  multi_accept on;\r\n}\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\u6b64\u914d\u7f6e\u9002\u7528\u4e8e<strong>\u9ad8\u5e76\u53d1\u7684\u9999\u6e2f\u4e91\u670d\u52a1\u5668<\/strong>\u90e8\u7f72\u73af\u5883\u3002<\/p>\n<hr \/>\n<h2>\u4e8c\u3001Linux \u5185\u6838\u53c2\u6570\u4f18\u5316\u5efa\u8bae<\/h2>\n<h3>1. \u6587\u4ef6\u63cf\u8ff0\u7b26\u9650\u5236<\/h3>\n<p>\u63d0\u9ad8\u6587\u4ef6\u63cf\u8ff0\u7b26\u9650\u5236\u662f\u5e94\u5bf9\u9ad8\u5e76\u53d1\u8bbf\u95ee\u7684\u57fa\u7840\u3002<\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"language-bash\"># \/etc\/sysctl.conf\r\nfs.file-max = 1000000\r\n\r\n# \/etc\/security\/limits.conf\r\nnginx soft nofile 65535\r\nnginx hard nofile 65535\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<h3>2. \u8fde\u63a5\u961f\u5217\u8c03\u4f18\uff08\u9632\u6b62\u4e22\u5305\u3001\u5ef6\u8fdf\uff09<\/h3>\n<pre><code class=\"language-bash\">net.core.somaxconn = 65535\r\nnet.ipv4.tcp_max_syn_backlog = 65535\r\nnet.ipv4.tcp_syncookies = 1\r\nnet.ipv4.tcp_tw_reuse = 1\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<h3>3. \u5e94\u7528\u8bbe\u7f6e<\/h3>\n<p>\u914d\u7f6e\u5b8c\u6210\u540e\u52a1\u5fc5\u6267\u884c\uff1a<\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"language-bash\">sysctl -p\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<hr \/>\n<h2>\u4e09\u3001\u591a\u4e1a\u52a1\u573a\u666f\u914d\u7f6e\u6848\u4f8b<\/h2>\n<h3>\u573a\u666f\u4e00\uff1a\u9759\u6001\u8d44\u6e90\u670d\u52a1\u5668\uff08\u56fe\u7247\/JS\/CSS\uff09<\/h3>\n<pre><code class=\"language-nginx\">worker_processes auto;\r\nevents { worker_connections 16384; use epoll; }\r\nhttp {\r\n  sendfile on;\r\n  tcp_nopush on;\r\n  aio on;\r\n}\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\u9002\u7528\u4e8e\u90e8\u7f72\u4e8e<strong>\u9999\u6e2f\u72ec\u7acb\u670d\u52a1\u5668<\/strong>\u4e0a\u7684 CDN \u8282\u70b9\uff0c\u8282\u7701\u5e26\u5bbd\u3001\u63d0\u9ad8\u6548\u7387\u3002<\/p>\n<h3>\u573a\u666f\u4e8c\uff1a\u53cd\u5411\u4ee3\u7406\u670d\u52a1\uff08\u52a8\u9759\u5206\u79bb\u67b6\u6784\uff09<\/h3>\n<pre><code class=\"language-nginx\">worker_processes 8;\r\nevents { worker_connections 8192; }\r\nhttp {\r\n  upstream backend {\r\n    keepalive 64;\r\n    server 10.0.0.1:80;\r\n  }\r\n  server {\r\n    location \/ {\r\n      proxy_http_version 1.1;\r\n      proxy_set_header Connection \"\";\r\n    }\r\n  }\r\n}\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\u53ef\u5e94\u7528\u4e8e\u90e8\u7f72\u5728<strong>\u9999\u6e2fVPS<\/strong>\u4e0a\u7684\u524d\u540e\u7aef\u67b6\u6784\u3002<\/p>\n<h3>\u573a\u666f\u4e09\uff1a\u9ad8\u5e76\u53d1 Web \u5e94\u7528\uff08\u5982\u8bba\u575b\u3001\u540e\u53f0\u7cfb\u7edf\uff09<\/h3>\n<pre><code class=\"language-nginx\">worker_processes 4;\r\nevents { worker_connections 4096; }\r\nhttp {\r\n  keepalive_timeout 15;\r\n  gzip on;\r\n  fastcgi_buffer_size 64k;\r\n}\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\u63d0\u5347\u54cd\u5e94\u901f\u5ea6\uff0c\u964d\u4f4e CPU \u8d1f\u8f7d\uff0c\u9002\u5408\u9700\u9891\u7e41\u52a8\u6001\u8ba1\u7b97\u7684\u5e94\u7528\u3002<\/p>\n<h3>\u573a\u666f\u56db\uff1a\u56db\u5c42 TCP \u8d1f\u8f7d\u5747\u8861\uff08\u5982\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u96c6\u7fa4\uff09<\/h3>\n<pre><code class=\"language-nginx\">worker_processes auto;\r\nevents { worker_connections 32768; }\r\nstream {\r\n  upstream tcp_backend {\r\n    server 10.0.0.2:3306;\r\n  }\r\n  server {\r\n    listen 3306;\r\n    proxy_pass tcp_backend;\r\n    proxy_connect_timeout 1s;\r\n  }\r\n}\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\u9002\u5408\u901a\u8fc7<strong>\u9999\u6e2f\u4e91\u670d\u52a1\u5668<\/strong>\u90e8\u7f72\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u8bfb\u5199\u5206\u79bb\u670d\u52a1\u3002<\/p>\n<hr \/>\n<h2>\u56db\u3001\u6027\u80fd\u9a8c\u8bc1\u4e0e\u76d1\u63a7<\/h2>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>\u538b\u529b\u6d4b\u8bd5\u5de5\u5177<\/strong>\uff1a\n<ul>\n<li><code>wrk<\/code>\uff1a\u5feb\u901f\u6a21\u62df\u9ad8\u5e76\u53d1\u8bbf\u95ee<\/li>\n<li><code>netstat<\/code> \/ <code>ss -s<\/code>\uff1a\u5b9e\u65f6\u8fde\u63a5\u6570\u76d1\u63a7<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li><strong>Nginx \u72b6\u6001\u6a21\u5757\u914d\u7f6e<\/strong>\uff1a<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<pre><code class=\"language-nginx\">server {\r\n  location \/nginx_status {\r\n    stub_status on;\r\n    access_log off;\r\n  }\r\n}\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>\u7cfb\u7edf\u8d44\u6e90\u76d1\u63a7<\/strong>\uff1a\n<ul>\n<li><code>top<\/code>\u3001<code>free -h<\/code>\u3001<code>cat \/proc\/sys\/fs\/file-nr<\/code> \u5feb\u901f\u5b9a\u4f4d\u74f6\u9888\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<hr \/>\n<h2>\u4e94\u3001\u4f18\u5316\u5efa\u8bae\u4e0e\u98ce\u9669\u63d0\u793a<\/h2>\n<ul>\n<li>\u5efa\u8bae\u9010\u6b65\u8c03\u4f18\u5e76\u89c2\u5bdf\u6bcf\u9879\u53c2\u6570\u7684\u5f71\u54cd\uff0c\u907f\u514d\u4e00\u6b21\u6027\u4fee\u6539\u8fc7\u591a\u914d\u7f6e\u3002<\/li>\n<li>\u67d0\u4e9b\u53c2\u6570\uff08\u5982 <code>tcp_tw_recycle<\/code>\uff09\u5728 NAT \u73af\u5883\u4e2d\u53ef\u80fd\u5bfc\u81f4\u8fde\u63a5\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u5e94\u8c28\u614e\u542f\u7528\u3002<\/li>\n<li>\u82e5\u8d44\u6e90\u5141\u8bb8\uff0c**\u5347\u7ea7\u81f3\u9ad8\u6027\u80fd\u9999\u6e2f\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u914d\u7f6e\uff08\u5982 Server.HK \u63d0\u4f9b\u7684 SSD \u4e91\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u6216\u7269\u7406\u72ec\u7acb\u673a\uff09**\u5f80\u5f80\u66f4\u80fd\u5e26\u6765\u663e\u8457\u7684\u6027\u80fd\u63d0\u5347\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<hr \/>\n<h2>\u7ed3\u8bed\uff1a\u4f18\u5316\u914d\u7f6e + \u7a33\u5b9a\u4e3b\u673a = \u5353\u8d8a\u4f53\u9a8c<\/h2>\n<p>Nginx \u8c03\u4f18\u867d\u7136\u91cd\u8981\uff0c\u4f46\u9009\u62e9\u4e00\u53f0<strong>\u7a33\u5b9a\u7684<a href=\"https:\/\/server.hk\/\">\u9999\u6e2f\u670d\u52a1\u5668<\/a><\/strong>\u4f5c\u4e3a\u57fa\u7840\u8bbe\u65bd\u540c\u6837\u5173\u952e\u3002Server.HK \u63d0\u4f9b\u591a\u6837\u5316\u914d\u7f6e\u7684<strong>\u9999\u6e2f VPS<\/strong>\u3001<strong>\u9999\u6e2f\u4e91\u670d\u52a1\u5668<\/strong>\u4e0e<strong>\u9999\u6e2f\u72ec\u7acb\u670d\u52a1\u5668<\/strong>\uff0c\u7ed3\u5408\u4ee5\u4e0a\u8c03\u4f18\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u53ef\u8f7b\u677e\u6253\u9020\u9ad8\u6027\u80fd\u3001\u4f4e\u5ef6\u8fdf\u7684\u5e94\u7528\u73af\u5883\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\ud83d\udccc\u7acb\u5373\u8bbf<strong>\u9999\u6e2f VPS<\/strong>\uff0c\u9009\u62e9\u6700\u9002\u5408\u60a8\u4e1a\u52a1\u7684\u9999\u6e2f\u4e3b\u673a\u89e3\u51b3\u65b9\u6848\uff01<code><\/code><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u5728\u642d\u5efa\u548c\u8fd0\u8425\u9ad8\u6027\u80fd\u7f51\u7ad9\u6216\u5e94\u7528\u65f6\uff0c&#46;&#46;&#46;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[4924],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-198873","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-setup-tutorials"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/server.hk\/cnblog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/198873","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/server.hk\/cnblog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/server.hk\/cnblog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/server.hk\/cnblog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/server.hk\/cnblog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=198873"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/server.hk\/cnblog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/198873\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/server.hk\/cnblog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=198873"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/server.hk\/cnblog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=198873"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/server.hk\/cnblog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=198873"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}